GPER in metabolic homeostasis and disease: molecular mechanisms, nutritional regulation, and therapeutic potential.

G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) significantly influences metabolic regulation by engaging multiple signaling pathways that affect overall metabolic health. Its structure and signaling mechanisms drive its diverse roles. Our team and others have successfully demonstrated that GPER modulates nutrient metabolism, spanning glucose, protein, and lipid metabolism, while also contributing to vitamin and mineral metabolism.

STRaM: A genetic framework for improved cell product provenance for research and clinical translations.

Multiple assessment checks are required to handle the increasingly complex engineered-cell and cell-line provenance. To manage the biosafety and efficacy demands, we developed a bioinformatic pipeline for de novo profiling of short tandem repeats and mutations (STRaM) to identify and track homologous edited/engineered cells. The core technology of STRaM comprises an error-sensing bioinformatic pipeline with 3 analysis modules (STR analysis, STR flanking analysis and EMS analysis) for profiling, and an integrated assessment system with three indices for the respective reporting of identity, purity and genetic modifications of tested cells.

Biological Characterization and Glucosinolate Degradation Mechanisms of BSY82 in Rapeseed Meal.

Glucoside is the main antinutritional factor (ANF) of rapeseed meal. In the present study, a bacterium with high efficiency in degrading rapeseed glucoside was screened from pond water. The initial concentration of 1.

Phase Distribution, Deposition, and Precipitation Scavenging of Atmospheric Semivolatile Organic Compounds under Steady-State Partitioning Theory.

For decades, the precise prediction of the phase distribution, deposition, and precipitation scavenging processes of semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in the atmosphere has continued to pose a significant challenge. In this study, we develop a novel steady-state theory to describe the atmospheric partitioning between gas and precipitation for SVOCs, improving upon the traditional equilibrium theory. We delve into the applications of this steady-state theory in predicting SVOCs' phase distribution, deposition contribution, and scavenging efficiency.

Chitin-glucan nanofibrils from Inonotus hispidus mycelium as Pickering emulsion stabilizers and lipid digestion regulators.

Polysaccharide-based Pickering stabilizers have been increasingly studied due to their promising potential in developing "clean label" emulsions. In this study, we isolated a novel type of polysaccharide particle, chitin-glucan nanofibrils (CGNFs), from I. hispidus mycelium using a combined process of mild solvent extraction and cyclic low-energy disassembly.

Optimization of a Micromegas-based fission chamber for application to intensive thermal neutron measurement.

The use of Micromegas to construct fission chambers offers advantages of wide range and high sensitivity, providing significant application value in high-intensity thermal neutron measurements, such as reactor neutron flux rate monitoring. However, the pad array readout method of detectors can lead to multiple-triggering from a single signal, which increases the burden on the electronics and limiting the detector's counting capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the detector structure and operating conditions to restrict the transverse migration and diffusion of charged particles.

Compressive Stress and Inflammation Induce Ferroptosis in Periodontal Ligament Cells Through ACSL4 Activation in Orthodontically Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption.

Objectives: Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) is an inflammation induced by excessive orthodontic force in the periodontium. The aim of this study was to identify the role of ferroptosis in periodontal ligament cells in OIIRR and its underlying mechanism.

Materials And Methods: Human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) were subjected to 2 g/cm of compressive stress along with 20 ng/mL of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) stimulation for 24 h.

Size distribution and gas/particle partitioning of organophosphorus flame retardants in indoor and outdoor air of garment factories.

Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) pollution is an escalating issue, particularly in industrial environments. This study investigated the distribution of OPFRs in paired gaseous and size-resolved particulate samples collected in garment factories. Tris (chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP), tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), and tris (isobutyl) phosphate (TIBP) were the dominant OPFRs.

Structural Design and Performance Study of Knitted "Liquid Diodes" for Sweat Trapping and Directional Movement.

Humans perspire significantly after exposure to high temperatures or intense exercise, which can lead to discomfort and promote bacterial growth. In this study, a BN/ZnO/PDMS@N/S-20 yarn and two types of 'liquid diode' elastic fabrics (S3, S4) are developed knitted on a V-bed flat knitting machine to improve the fabric's liquid directional transport and antimicrobial properties. The results demonstrated that an increased number of successive loops of BN/ZnO/PDMS@N/S-20 yarns resulted in the fabric more effectively capturing sweat from the skin's surface.

Distribution and partitioning behavior of phthalate esters (PAEs) and non-phthalate ester plasticizers (NPPs) in a home from northern China.

The distribution and partitioning behavior of phthalate esters (PAEs) and non-phthalate ester plasticizers (NPPs) in multi-media indoor environments is vital for assessing human exposure risks of human exposure. To investigate these behaviors, a one-year study was conducted in a non-occupied residential building, where PAEs and NPPs were analyzed in the indoor air, dust, and surface films. Results showed significantly greater concentration of ΣPAEs (2600 ± 1800 ng/m, 2400 ± 2000 μg/g, 20000 ± 17000 ng/m, 7900 ± 6900 ng/m in air, settled dust, window surfaces, respectively) than that of ΣNPPs (180 ± 320 ng/m, 1600 ± 1300 μg/g, and 5300 ± 5100 ng/m respectively) (p < 0.

Compressive Force Inhibits Osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Follicle Stem Cells Through Biglycan/Bone Morphogenetic Protein2/Smad1 Signaling Pathway.

This study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of compressive force on the osteogenic differentiation of human dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) and to explore its potential role in orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR). Human DFSCs (hDFSCs) were subjected to a compressive force of 2 g/cm. Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to quantify the expression levels of biglycan (BGN), Runt related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and components of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)2/Smad1 signaling pathway in hDFSCs.

DNA methylation regulates growth traits by influencing metabolic pathways in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei).

Background: DNA methylation is a critical epigenetic modification that dynamically regulates gene expression associated with economic traits. Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the most important aquatic species for culturing, and growth trait is one of the most important economic traits for its production. However, research on DNA methylation regulation of growth traits is still at an early stage.

A comparative analysis of Denosumab and Zoledronic acid effects on bone metabolism and bone mineral density in individuals with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.

Background: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of Denosumab (DEN) versus Zoledronic acid (ZOL) in treating patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).

Methods: In this study, 128 OVCF patients who underwent PKP in our hospital from June 2019 to August 2022 were selected and randomized into a DEN group treated with DEN and a ZOL group treated with ZOL. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone metabolism, pain, and lumbar mobility were compared between the two groups before and after treatment, and the anterior vertebral height and local kyphotic angle were measured.

Structural Effects of Multivalent Counterions in the Self-Assembly of Polyelectrolyte Copolymers.

In this paper, we investigate the effects of multivalent counterion units and linear counterion chains in the self-assembly of polyelectrolyte (PE) copolymers. Both the valent and structural effects of the counterions are discussed. As the valence of counterion units or the length of counterion chains increases, the electrostatic correlations are significantly strengthened.

Insights into immune and oxidative stress in rural homemakers exposed to VOCs during typical solid fuel utilization activities.

Exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from solid fuel combustion can pose significant health risks, but the mechanism by which VOCs exposure affects health remains vague. This study explored the impacts of personal exposure (PE) to VOCs during three typical household solid fuel utilization scenarios (heating, cooking, and background) on inflammatory, oxidative stress, and hematological indices. Personal VOC samples from the three scenarios were collected using Tenax-TA adsorbent tubes with a portable device, and blood and urine samples were obtained from the subjects for biomarker analysis.

Rapid Screening of Illicit Drugs from Biofluid via Dried Blood/Urine Spot and Ultrasonic Desorption-Assisted Low-Temperature Arc Plasma Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

A novel method for rapid and sensitive illicit drug screening in biofluids has been developed by employing a paper-based sample collection coupled with ultrasonic desorption-assisted low-temperature plasma ionization mass spectrometry (PBS-LTPI-MS). For optimization, key experimental parameters, such as geometry coordinates, angle, and plasma intensity, were fine-tuned using ketamine as the representative analyte. The redissolution process, which encompasses the use of organic solvents and sample collection paper, underwent an evaluation to establish conditions conducive to efficient ionization.

Multifunctional Gold Super-Nanoparticle-Based Nanosystem for SERS-Guided Oxygen-Independent Phototherapy.

Cancer treatment remains a formidable challenge due to the complex and hypoxic microenvironment of tumors, which often compromises therapeutic efficacy. To address this issue, a multifunctional gold super-nanoparticle-based nanosystem (GSPs@PDA-AIPH-cRGD) was developed for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-guided oxygen-independent phototherapy. This nanosystem integrates diagnostic and therapeutic functionalities through a gold superlattice-nanoparticle (GSP) core self-assembled from 5.

The Radial Forearm Butterfly Flap: A Novel Technique for Oral Cavity Reconstruction With Primary Healing of the Forearm Donor Area.

Background: The traditional radial forearm free flap (TRFFF) combined with split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) for repairing oral defects presents unavoidable donor area complications, such as delayed healing and scar hyperplasia. This study introduces a modified radial forearm free flap, known as the butterfly flap, which enables primary closure of the forearm donor area.

Methods: The study included 35 patients who received the butterfly flap and 40 patients who received TRFFF combined with STSG between March 2022 and March 2024.

DNA Receptor Toll-Like Receptor 9 Signaling Pathway Plays a Major Immunomodulatory Role in Neonatal Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress.

To investigate the clinical efficacy of neonatal acute lung injury (NALI) and the mechanistic role of the DNA sensor Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) signaling pathway in treatment, Methods: This study enrolled 76 cases of NALI, randomly divided into 38 cases in the experimental group (intravenous injection of human immunoglobulin on the basis of nasal continuous positive airway pressure ventilation treatment) and 38 cases in the control group (nasal continuous positive airway pressure ventilation treatment). The pulmonary function parameters (forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and FEV1/FVC), TLR9 signaling pathway-related proteins and mRNA levels (TLR9, MyD88, p38), inflammatory factors (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α), and immune function indicators (immunoglobulin (Ig)A, IgG, IgM) were compared between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between TLR9 signaling pathway protein expression and immune function indicators.

Nanozyme-Catalyzed Colorimetric Microfluidic Immunosensor for the Filtration Enrichment and Ultrasensitive Detection of in Food Samples.

Rapid screening of foodborne pathogens is crucial to prevent food poisoning. In this study, we proposed a nanozyme-catalyzed colorimetric microfluidic immunosensor (Nano-CMI) for the filtration enrichment and ultrasensitive detection of in complex matrices. Gold-core porous platinum shell nanopompoms (Au@Pt nanopompoms) were synthesized with excellent peroxidase-like activity to oxidize 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine with significant color change.

Genomic analysis of Marinobacter flavimaris ZYH30 reveals its role in marine dimethylsulfide cycling.

Dimethylsulfide (DMS) is a volatile organic compound that influences climate change and plays a key role in the global sulfur cycle and chemotaxis. Marine bacteria can produce DMS from dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and other sulfur precursors. A highly efficient DMS-producing strain, Marinobacter flavimaris ZYH30, was isolated from the surface sediment of the South China Sea, but the key genes involved in DMS production in its genome remain unknown.

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariant genomic variation associations with immune evasion in Northern California: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: The possibility of association between SARS-CoV-2 genomic variation and immune evasion is not known among persons with Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: In a retrospective cohort, using Poisson regression adjusting for sociodemographic variables and month of infection, we examined associations between individual non-lineage defining mutations and SARS-CoV-2 immunity status, defined as a) no prior recorded infection, b) not vaccinated but with at least one prior recorded infection, c) complete primary series vaccination, and/or d) primary series vaccination and ≥1 booster. We identified all non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions and deletions in SARS-CoV-2 genomes with ≥5% allelic frequency and population frequency of ≥5% and ≤95%.

Two-Dimensional Nanozyme-Catalyzed Colorimetric CRISPR Assay for the Microfluidic Detection of Monkeypox Virus.

The recent monkeypox epidemic outbreaks worldwide highlight the urgent need for fast and precise diagnostic solutions, especially in resource-limited settings. Here, a two-dimensional nanozyme-catalyzed colorimetric CRISPR assay for the microfluidic detection of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) was established. We utilized graphene oxide as a substrate for the adsorption of gold seeds and the deposition of a porous Pt shell to prepare high-performance two-dimensional GO@Pt nanomaterials.

Specific macronutrient clusters associated with lower mortality risk: Evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.

Introduction: Accumulating evidence suggest that imbalanced macronutrient composition would increase the risk of chronic diseases. However, previous studies that predominantly focused on individual macronutrients often failed to thoroughly elucidate this complex association.

Objectives: This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the relationship between macronutrient clusters and all-cause mortality.

Comparative efficacy and safety of first‑line PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors in immunotherapy for non‑small cell lung cancer: A network meta‑analysis.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. The emergence of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors offers new therapeutic options for patients with advanced NSCLC, but a comprehensive evaluation of their efficacy and safety is still lacking. In the present study randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from January 2005 to May 2023 were identified through searches of PubMed, the Cochrane Library and Embase.