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Introduction: Accumulating evidence suggest that imbalanced macronutrient composition would increase the risk of chronic diseases. However, previous studies that predominantly focused on individual macronutrients often failed to thoroughly elucidate this complex association.
Objectives: This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the relationship between macronutrient clusters and all-cause mortality.
Methods: The study included 26,615 adults aged 20-75 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018. A three-dimensional cube method was employed to categorize clusters of macronutrients intake. The association between dietary macronutrient clusters and all-cause mortality was investigated using Cox proportional hazards modeling and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis.
Results: Over a weighted median follow-up duration of 7.58 years, 3,998 deaths were recorded. After adjusting for potential confounders, compared with the reference Cluster , 4 specific Clusters were associated with reduced all-cause mortality: Cluster (HR: 0.79, 95 % CI: 0.67-0.92), Cluster (HR: 0.76, 95 % CI: 0.61-0.95), Cluster (HR: 0.86, 95 % CI: 0.75-0.97), and Cluster (HR: 0.73, 95 % CI: 0.60-0.89). Three-node RCS analysis revealed non-linear relationships between carbohydrate within Cluster and protein within Cluster and overall mortality. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses corroborated the robustness of these associations across different age, gender, and energy intake levels.
Conclusions: This study employed a three-dimensional cube approach to categorize the human macronutrients intake into 24 clusters. Cluster , Clusters , Cluster , and Cluster exhibited a lower mortality risk. Different clusters of macronutrients could be a precondition in nutrition intervene strategy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2025.02.019 | DOI Listing |
Desert plant communities play an irreplaceable role in maintaining the ecological balance of arid areas. Understanding the spatial distribution pattern of desert plant diversity and its environmental response mechanism is particularly important for the protection of regional biodiversity, and combining phylogenetic information can provide more in-depth insights. To this end, this study conducted a survey of desert plant communities along the southeast to northwest direction of the Hexi Corridor, revealing the variation patterns of species and phylogenetic diversity (PD) indicators along longitude, latitude, and altitude, and explored the driving factors of these patterns in combination with geographical, climatic, and soil factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Department of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine.
Background: Undernutrition remains a persistent public health concern among young children in Palestine, shaped by a range of socioeconomic and dietary factors. This study applies a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach to explore both direct and indirect determinants of child growth among children aged 6-59 months in the West Bank.
Methods: Data were drawn from a 2022 cross-sectional survey involving 300 children selected from 1,400 households.
Fungal Biol
October 2025
Engineering Bioprocess and Biotechnology Post-Graduation Program, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address:
Lichens exemplify a unique symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae or cyanobacteria, where fungi (mycobionts) provide structural support, while algae or cyanobacteria (photobionts) provide nutrients. Recent discoveries in the order Chaetothyriales have led to the description of several lichenicolous species, underscoring an intricate relationship of some black yeast-like fungi with lichens. The present study aims to investigate public metagenomic data of lichens available in the SRA database, covering a total of 2888 samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
September 2025
Laboratorio de Patología Cardiovascular Experimental e Hipertensión Arterial, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (UCA-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) encompasses a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, including obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension that collectively increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Animal models are widely used to study CMS, with diet-induced models being the most physiologically relevant. A lack of reporting standards and variability in dietary composition, feeding duration, and macronutrient content across studies hinder reproducibility assessment and translational impact evaluation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiology (Basel)
August 2025
Agriculture Faculty, Field Crops Department, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, 14280 Bolu, Türkiye.
Overuse of chemical fertilizers can threaten the agro-ecological balance, including an excessive accumulation of certain elements, such as nitrogen and phosphorus. On the other hand, organic fertilizers and biofertilizers, which are eco-friendly and cost-effective, increase biological nitrogen fixation and enhance the availability of nutrients to plants. The aim of this research was to study the possibility of using a full (22.
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