Development of biodegradable starch-based lambda-cyhalothrin microcapsules for sustainable long-term pest control and enhanced utilization efficacy.

The inefficiency of traditional pesticides leads to significant resource waste, severe environmental pollution, and potential threats to human health. Pesticide microcapsules present a promising strategy for developing environmentally friendly, safe, and sustained-release formulations. In this study, we produced degradable starch nanocrystals (SNCs) via acid hydrolysis and employed octenyl succinic anhydride-modified SNCs (O-SNCs) to fabricate pesticide microcapsules.

Pharmacist-led anticoagulation model based on early active consultation optimizes perioperative venous thromboembolism management in orthopedic surgery: a retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common and preventable complication in orthopedic surgery, yet adherence to prophylaxis guidelines remains suboptimal. A pharmacist-led anticoagulation care model based on the Pharmacist Early Active Consultation (PEAC) framework may enhance the quality and safety of VTE prevention in surgical patients.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a pharmacist-led Venous Thromboembolism Clinical Pharmaceutical Care (VTE-CPC) model, derived from the PEAC framework, on VTE prevention and anticoagulation quality in orthopedic surgery patients.

Comparing a Whole Grain Blend with Polished White Rice for Starch Digestibility and Gut Microbiota Fermentation in Diabetic Patients: An In Vitro Study.

The high glycemic index (GI) of polished white rice (WR) presents challenges for blood glucose control in diabetes. This study investigated the in vitro digestibility of a whole grain blend (WGB, composed of black, red, and brown rice) and its effects on the gut microbiota in elderly diabetic individuals. WGB exhibited lower starch digestibility (69.

Analysis of microorganisms and drug-resistance mutations detected by probe-capture metagenomics among HIV-infected patients with pneumonia.

Background: Probe-Capture Metagenomics is a newly developed method for detecting infectious pathogens. However, its application in HIV-infected patients with pulmonary infection remains limited. This study utilized Probe-Capture Metagenomics to analyze lung microbiomes and Drug Resistance Mutations of HIV and bacteria in people living with HIV (PLWH) with pneumonia.

Varicellovirus bovinealpha 1 UL42 targets host IRF3 to inhibit type I interferon β production.

Varicellovirus bovinealpha 1 (formerly bovine alphaherpesvirus type 1, BoAHV-1), a significant pathogen in cattle with substantial economic impacts, establishes lifelong latency and employs multiple immune evasion strategies. In this study, we identified the BoAHV-1 nonstructural protein UL42 as a modulator of the cGAS-STING pathway that suppresses type I interferon β (IFN-β) production. Besides, we find that bovine IRF3 only contains four conserved serine/threonine residues at the C-terminus and its mutant named as IRF3-4D resembles IRF3-5D of other species to retain nuclear localization capability and transcriptional activity.

Glucose absorption in the duodenum is modulated by an estrogen receptor α-dependent regulation of glucose transporter functional expression.

Introduction: The mechanisms of estrogen in glucose metabolism are well established; however, the role of this hormone in glucose absorption remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of estrogen on glucose absorption in humans, mice, and the human intestinal epithelium cell line SCBN.

Research Design And Methods: The ovariectomized (OVX) animal model was established.

Circadian Clock Disruption and Non-type 2 Asthma: A Hypothesis-Driven Perspective on Immune, Epithelial, and Steroid Response.

Asthma is a major chronic non-communicable respiratory disease, affecting over 300 million individuals globally, with an adult prevalence of 4.3%. Despite advances in individualized treatment, a subset of patients, particularly those with non-type 2 (non-T2) asthma, fails to achieve optimal disease control.

Pseudorabies virus induces natural killer cell depletion by GSDMD-mediated inflammation and pyroptosis to promote infection and lung injury.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection induces a hyperinflammatory response to promote inflammatory injury in multiple tissues. However, the relative mechanism remains elusive. Herein, we first confirmed that PRV infection could trigger pyroptosis to cause lung injury, evidenced by the increased release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in lung tissue of infected piglets and mice.

Exploring the function and pathogenicity of Goatpox virus N1L gene using recombinant vaccinia virus Tiantan strain.

The N1L gene is a well-characterized virulence factor in the poxvirus family; however, its functional role in Goatpox virus (GTPV) remains poorly understood. To elucidate the biological significance of the GTPV N1L gene (gN1L), we constructed three recombinant vaccinia virus Tiantan strain (rVVT) using homologous recombination: rVVT-ΔvN1L (deletion of VVT N1L), rVVT-vN1Lr (insertion of enhanced green fluorescent protein, EGFP), and rVVT-gN1L (substitution with gN1L). The biological properties of these recombinant strains were systematically compared with those of wild-type VVT to evaluate the functional role of gN1L.

Development and validation of a multidimensional predictive model for 28-day mortality in ICU patients with bloodstream infections: a cohort study.

Background: Bloodstream infections (BSI) are a leading cause of sepsis and death in intensive care unit (ICU). Traditional severity scores, including the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Acute Physiology Score III (APSIII), and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II), exhibit limitations in effectively predicting mortality among BSI patients, primarily due to their reliance on a narrow range of clinical variables. This study aimed to develop and validate a comprehensive nomogram model for 28-day all-cause mortality prediction in BSI patients.

Numerical Study of Wear Characteristics of Vertical Shaft Planetary Mixer Blades.

The wear failure of vertical shaft planetary mixer blades under complex working conditions directly affects the quality and productivity of concrete. Given that it is time-consuming and labor-intensive to obtain the wear characteristics of mixer blades by experimental methods, this study used numerical simulation to analyze the effects of different factors on the wear characteristics of mixer blades based on the Hertz-Mindlin with JKR cohesive contact model and the Archard wear model. The results of this study show that under the influence of different factors, the blade is subjected to tangential cumulative contact energy and contact force is significantly larger than that in the normal direction, the wear of the blade is judged to be the form of abrasive wear accompanied by impacts, and the wear on the outer middle and lower edge regions of the blade is the most serious.

Effects of strict versus lenient rate control on exercise capacity in atrial fibrillation: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Rate control is a primary treatment approach for managing atrial fibrillation (AF). However, a unified standard for the optimal level of control remains unestablished. This study aimed to investigate the impact of strict versus lenient heart rate control strategies on exercise capacity in patients with AF by assessing cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) results.

Comparative study of rapid influenza antigen tests versus PCR in an influenza-like illness population: A real-world multicenter study in China.

This study aimed to explore the differences in detection between polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and rapid influenza antigen test (RIAT) in a population with influenza-like illness (ILI). A retrospective real-world study was conducted at 4 medical centers in China. The study included patients of all age groups who were suspected of having influenza and who underwent either RIAT or PCR testing.

A Multi-omics Approach Reveals the Effects of Bio- and Chemical- Pesticides on Rice Yield and Quality under Disease Stress.

Rice production is gravely threatened by bacterial leaf streak (BLS). BLS prevention and control rely heavily on chemical pesticides, which contaminate the environment and endanger human health. Here, we evaluated the effects of inducer of plant resistance ZhiNengCong (ZNC), which is derived from endophytic fungi Paecilomyces variotii, the chemical pesticide dioctyl diethylenetriamine (DDL) and the antibiotic pesticide zhongshengmycin (ZSM) on grain size and quality of diseased- rice (DR).

Effect of a clinical decision support system for non-valvular atrial fibrillation on improving appropriate anticoagulation treatment in China's primary care: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Aims: China's primary care was required to improve the quality of atrial fibrillation (AF) management by government. The aim of the study was to investigate whether a clinical decision support system for non-valvular AF (GP-CDSS-2.0) affected appropriate anticoagulation of patients with AF in primary care.

Deep RNA analyses for BeWo cells and placentae of HIV positive pregnant women treated with lopinavir/ritonavir.

Introduction: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) based on protease inhibitor lopinavir /ritonavir (LPV/r) is the first-line regimen for HIV-infected pregnant women to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) in China. Studies have indicated a correlation between LPV/r and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). However, a knowledge gap exists regarding the potential mechanisms.

Dairy Cattle Infection with Bovine Rotavirus at Different Growth Stages and Its Impact on Health and Productivity.

This study evaluated the prevalence of BRV infection and its impact on the health of dairy cows at different growth stages, with a particular focus on milk-fed calves. BRV was detected in rectal swabs via RT-qPCR. In the total sample of 2400 dairy cows examined at three farms, 103 (4.

Mechanism and marker of voriconazole-induced liver injury: insights from a quantitative systems toxicology approach.

Liver injury severely limits the clinical use of voriconazole. Clarifying the mechanism and markers of voriconazole-induced liver injury is of great significance. In this study, a quantitative systems toxicology model of voriconazole-induced liver injury was constructed through integrating the mechanism-based hepatoxic parameters generated from in vitro assays into a self-built physiologically based pharmacokinetic model.

SSF-Net: Spatial-Spectral Fusion Network With Spectral Angle Awareness for Hyperspectral Object Tracking.

Hyperspectral video (HSV) offers valuable spatial, spectral, and temporal information simultaneously, making it highly suitable for handling challenges such as background clutter and visual similarity in object tracking. However, existing methods primarily focus on band regrouping and rely on RGB trackers for feature extraction, resulting in limited exploration of spectral information and difficulties in achieving complementary representations of object features. In this paper, a spatial-spectral fusion network with spectral angle awareness (SSF-Net) is proposed for hyperspectral (HS) object tracking.

Alterations in scalp microorganisms after Er: YAG laser treatment for Shanghai androgenetic alopecia patients.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is associated with the scalp microbiota, but the role of microflora during hair loss has not been fully characterized. Erbium: yttrium aluminum garnet (Er: Yag) is a microablative laser treatment for hair regeneration that can cause minimal damage to the skin surface. This investigation aimed to evaluate the effects of microtrauma caused by the Er: Yag laser of AGA on scalp microorganisms.

BihoT: A Large-Scale Dataset and Benchmark for Hyperspectral Camouflaged Object Tracking.

Hyperspectral object tracking (HOT) has many important applications, particularly in scenes where objects are camouflaged. The existing trackers can effectively retrieve objects via band regrouping because of the bias in the existing HOT datasets, where most objects tend to have distinguishing visual appearances rather than spectral characteristics. This bias allows a tracker to directly use the visual features obtained from the false-color images generated by hyperspectral images (HSIs) without extracting spectral features.

α-Mangostin prevents diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting oxidative damage and lipotoxicity through the AKT-FOXO1-CD36 pathway.

Introduction: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), a cardiac complication of diabetes, is the main cause of the high prevalence of heart failure and associated mortality in diabetic patients. Oxidative stress and lipid metabolism disorder-induced myocardial cell damage are part of the pathogenesis of DCM. In this study, we investigated the effects of alpha-mangostin (A-MG), a natural antioxidant extracted from mangosteen peel, on and DCM models.