Machine learning and discriminant analysis model for predicting benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.

Background: Pulmonary Nodules (PNs) are a trend considered as the early manifestation of lung cancer. Among them, PNs that remain stable for more than two years or whose pathological results suggest not being lung cancer are considered benign PNs (BPNs), while PNs that conform to the growth pattern of tumors or whose pathological results indicate lung cancer are considered malignant PNs (MPNs). Currently, more than 90% of PNs detected by screening tests are benign, with a false positive rate of up to 96.

Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid impairs spermatogenesis via the liver-gut microbiota-testis axis: a central role of chenodeoxycholic acid metabolism.

Introduction: Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) as a global contaminant is ubiquitously presented in the environmental media and human body. The association between PFOS exposure and reduced male fertility has been recently discovered. However, the relevant mechanism remains unexplored.

Axon terminal distribution in layer 1 of the mouse auditory cortex: differential projections from the dorsal and medial subdivisions of the medial geniculate body and the marginal zone of the posterior thalamic nuclei.

Layer 1 (L1) of the neocortex integrates bottom-up and top-down signals. Inputs to L1, however, remain incompletely characterized. L1 of the auditory cortex (ACX) receives ascending inputs from the medial geniculate body (MGB) subdivisions and the surrounding posterior thalamic nuclei (PTN).

Fluorescence-activated cell sorting-based efficient screening of monensin monoclonal antibodies and applications in lateral flow immunoassay.

Monensin is widely used in livestock and poultry for disease prevention and growth promotion. Still, its improper use can lead to residues in animal-derived foods, posing risks to human health. In immunoassays, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) remain a preferred choice due to their high sensitivity and specificity.

Multiomic Landscape of Primary Hypothyroidism Induced by Subchronic Exposure to Low-Dose Novel PFOS Substitute OBS in Human and Murine Models.

Sodium -perfluorous nonenoxybenzenesulfonate (OBS) as a novel surrogate for perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) has been extensively utilized in industrial manufacturing and daily life. However, studies on OBS-induced environmental health risks of obstructive biosynthesis (OBS) are currently limited, particularly the risk for thyroid diseases. Following the construction of (mouse) and (normal human primary thyrocytes) models of subchronic low-dose OBS exposure, we explored the thyroid-disrupting effects of OBS through multiomics approaches and experimental validations.

Low-level exposure to environmental lithium element affects male reproductive outcomes: Results from the MARHCS cohort study in Chongqing, China and in vivo animal experiments.

This study examined the effects of lithium exposure at environmental levels on semen quality and sex hormone levels. Questionnaires and biological samples were collected from 582 college students recruited in Chongqing, China. Sex hormones and semen parameters were measured by ELISA and CASA, respectively.

WTAP-mediated mA modification of Hmgb2 contributes to spermatogenic damage induced by PM exposure.

N-methyladenosine (mA) is extensively involved in complex spermatogenesis while being extremely sensitive to environmental exposure. Numerous studies have revealed the toxicity of fine particulate matter (PM) to the male reproductive system, but the specific epigenetic mechanisms involved have been underexplored. Here, we investigated the effect of mA modification on PM-induced male reproductive impairment by establishing a real-time PM-exposed mouse model and a GC-2spd cell model.

Rapid and convenient screening method based on single-chain variable fragments for the detection of restricted monensin in chicken muscle.

A colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (CGIA) based on single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) has been successfully developed for the detection of monensin (MON). Colloidal gold probes were conjugated to anti-MON scFvs through electrostatic interaction, with the conjugated objects serving as the visual signals. The detection lines were formed by capturing the antibody with MON-OVA.

Innovative pancreas-guided technique for splenic flexure mobilization in laparoscopic left hemicolectomy.

Objective: Splenic flexure mobilization (SFM) is a major challenge in laparoscopic left hemicolectomy. This study aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of the pancreas-guided SFM technique during laparoscopic left hemicolectomy.

Methods: From January 2018 to December 2023, 352 patients with left-sided colon cancer underwent laparoscopic left hemicolectomy.

Polystyrene nanoplastics exposure triggers spermatogenic cell senescence via the Sirt1/ROS axis.

Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) have been reported to accumulate in the testes and constitute a new threat to reproductive health. However, the exact effects of PS-NPs exposure on testicular cells and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. The C57BL/6 male mice were orally administered with PS-NPs (80 nm) at different dosages (0, 10, and 40 mg/kg/day) for 60 days, and GC-1 cells were treated with PS-NPs in this study.

Inter- and trans-generational impacts of real-world PM exposure on male-specific primary hypogonadism.

Exposure to PM, a harmful type of air pollution, has been associated with compromised male reproductive health; however, it remains unclear whether such exposure can elicit transgenerational effects on male fertility. Here, we aim to examine the effect of paternal exposure to real-world PM on the reproductive health of male offspring. We have observed that paternal exposure to real-world PM can lead to transgenerational primary hypogonadism in a sex-selective manner, and we have also confirmed this phenotype by using an external model.

Robust positive association between serum urate and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: hospital-based cohort and Mendelian randomisation study.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hyperuricaemia are both characterised by systemic inflammation. Preventing chronic diseases among the population with common metabolic abnormality is an effective strategy. However, the association of hyperuricaemia with the higher incidence and risk of COPD remains controversial.

Clinical research progress of novel antituberculosis drugs on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has become a critical challenge to public health, and the prevention and treatment of MDR-TB are of great significance in reducing the global burden of tuberculosis. How to improve the effectiveness and safety of chemotherapy for MDR-TB is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed in tuberculosis control efforts. This article provides a comprehensive review of the clinical application of new antituberculosis drugs in MDR-TB, aiming to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment strategy of MDR-TB.

Perturbation of IP3R-dependent endoplasmic reticulum calcium homeostasis by PPARδ-activated metabolic stress leads to mouse spermatocyte apoptosis: A direct mechanism for perfluorooctane sulfonic acid-induced spermatogenic disorders.

Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) as an archetypal representative of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is ubiquitously distributed in the environment and extensively detected in human bodies. Although accumulating evidence is suggestive of the deleterious effects of PFOS on male reproduction, the direct toxicity of PFOS towards spermatogenic cells and the relevant mechanisms remain poorly understood. The aims of the present study were to explore the direct effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of PFOS on spermatogenesis.

The value of ICG-guided left colon vascular variation and anatomical rules for the radical resection of proctosigmoid colon cancer.

Objective: During laparoscopic radical resection for proctosigmoid colon cancer (PCC), surgeons could inadvertently damage the arteries when following the operation path.This study investigated the variations in left colon blood vessels in order to guide the scientific protection of the marginal artery (MA) during laparoscopic surgery for PCC.

Methods: Data from seven patients who underwent inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) angiography were included as imaging references to preliminarily explore the vascular structure and variation in the left colon.

The role of polymorphisms on COPD susceptibility in southern Chinese.

Objective: COPD is the most common chronic respiratory disease with complex environmental and genetic etiologies. It was reported that might participate in the occurrence and development of respiratory diseases. However, the association between and COPD was unclear.

rs1617640 A>C is a Protective Factor for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case Control Study.

Background: The occurrence and development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are regulated by environmental and genetic factors. In hypoxia, Erythropoietin () satisfies the body's need for oxygen by promoting the production of red blood cells. Hypoxia was proven to be a common physiological condition in COPD progression and associated with many complications.

TERT transcription and translocation into mitochondria regulate benzo[a]pyrene/BPDE-induced senescence and mitochondrial damage in mouse spermatocytes.

Telomere and mitochondria may be the targets of Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) -induced male reproductive damage, and further elucidation of the toxic molecular mechanisms is necessary. In this study, we used in vivo and in vitro exposure models to explore the molecular mechanisms of TERT regulation in BaP-induced telomere and mitochondrial damage in spermatocytes. The results showed that the treatment of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE), the active metabolite of BaP, caused telomere dysfunction in mouse spermatocyte-derived GC-2 cells, resulting in S-phase arrest and increased senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).

PPARα/ACOX1 as a novel target for hepatic lipid metabolism disorders induced by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: An integrated approach.

Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent and ubiquitous environmental contaminants with well-documented hepatotoxicity. However, the mechanistic linkage between PFAS exposure and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains largely elusive.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore PFAS-to-NAFLD link and the relevant molecular mechanisms.

Effects and possible mechanisms of combined exposure to noise and carbon monoxide on male reproductive system in rats.

Environmental hazards are an increasing concern due to the rapid pace of industrialization. Among these hazards, noise and carbon monoxide (CO) are common risk factors and have been shown to cause serious health problems. However, existing studies focused on the individual effects of noise and CO exposure and the combined effects of these two factors remain poorly understood.

Semen damage contributed over 50 % to air-pollutant-induced infertility: A prospective cohort study of 3940 men in China.

Objective: To investigate the contribution of ambient air pollutants-induced semen damage to infertility risk, after identifying dose-response relationship between pollutants and semen parameters and susceptibility window.

Methods: In Preconception Reproductive Health and Birth Outcomes Cohort, 3940 male volunteers aged 22-49 were recruited from November 2018 to April 2021. At enrollment, resident address information was obtained and semen parameters were examined.

Sperm telomere length is associated with sperm nuclear DNA integrity and mitochondrial DNA abnormalities among healthy male college students in Chongqing, China.

Study Question: Is sperm telomere length (STL) associated with sperm nuclear DNA damage and mitochondrial DNA abnormalities?

Summary Answer: Sperm telomere length is related to sperm nuclear DNA integrity and mitochondrial DNA abnormalities in healthy young college students.

What Is Known Already: Many studies have revealed the correlations between sperm genetic alterations in both the nucleus and mitochondria and sperm functionality, however, the possible associations between the telomere, an important component of chromosome, and conventional indicators of mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA changes have not been investigated.

Study Design, Size, Duration: A prospective cohort study, Male Reproductive Health in Chongqing College Students (MARHCS), was conducted from June 2013 to June 2015.

Development and validation of nomogram including high altitude as a risk factor for COPD: A cross-sectional study based on Gansu population.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common and harmful disease that requires an effective tool to early screen high-risk individuals. Gansu has unique environments and customs, leading to the different prevalence and etiology of COPD from other regions. The association between altitude and COPD once attracted epidemiologists' attention.