The m6A modification-mediated upregulation of ETS2 translation drives arsenic-induced spermatogonial senescence.

Accumulating evidence indicates that arsenic (As) exposure causes a decline in sperm quality. This study aimed to investigate the impact of As exposure on spermatogonial senescence. GC-1 cells were exposed to NaAsO (10 μM).

Second-Scale Hole Storage in Electrically Driven Multinary Quantum Dots.

Controlled modulation of charge storage and recombination in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can function as an artificial memory platform, where charge storage mimics data writing, and recombination corresponds to data readout. Here we demonstrate hole storage lasting up to 0.8 s in an LED using the Cu-In-Zn-S quantum-dot (QD) emissive layer coupled with a deep-energy-level hole transport layer (HTL).

Fatal Cytokine Collision: HLH-AIHA in Advanced AIDS-Case Report and Literature Review.

: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) are both life-threatening hematologic syndromes that rarely present together outside of malignancy. Advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) creates a milieu of profound immune dysregulation and hyperinflammation, predisposing patients to atypical overlaps of these disorders. : A 30-year-old woman with poorly controlled AIDS presented with three weeks of jaundice, fever, and fatigue.

Translational fidelity and longevity are genetically linked.

Aging is a series of adverse changes over time that increases mortality risk. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain aging, including Leslie Orgel's Error-Catastrophe Theory, which asserts that translation errors erode the translational machinery, become self-amplifying, and eventually lead to death. Evidence for the theory is scarce, especially regarding intra-specific fidelity-longevity correlations.

Nickel-Catalyzed Intramolecular Direct Arylation of Cyclopropanols: Synthesis of Indanones.

Herein, we report a nickel-catalyzed intramolecular arylation of cyclopropanols. This protocol enables the synthesis of a broad scope of substituted indanones from readily available starting materials. This approach could be applied to the synthesis of the drug Donepezil.

IP3R2-Mediated Astrocytic Ca Transients Are Critical to Sustain Modulatory Effects of Locomotion on Neurons in Mouse Somatosensory Cortex.

Accumulating studies have shown that astrocytes are essential for regulating neurons at both synaptic and circuit levels. The main mechanism of brain astrocytic intracellular Ca activity is through the release of Ca via the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 (IP3R2) from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Studies using IP3R2 knockout mouse models () have shown that eliminating IP3R2 leads to a significant reduction in astrocytic Ca activity However, there is ongoing controversy regarding the effect of this IP3R2-dependent reduction in astrocytic Ca transients on neuronal activity.

Atorvastatin-Loaded Mineralized Vaccine Reprograms Endosomal Trafficking to Amplify STING-Driven Cancer Immunotherapy.

Dendritic cell (DC)-targeted nanovaccines offer great promise for cancer immunotherapy but are severely limited by premature lysosomal degradation of antigens, which reduces cross-presentation efficacy. Here, we report a facile yet effective biomineralization strategy to construct nanovaccine (OVA-ATV@MnO₂) that co-delivers ovalbumin (OVA) and atorvastatin (ATV) within MnO₂ matrix. The ATV-mediated nanovaccine reprograms endosomal trafficking by inhibiting the mevalonate (MVA) pathway, thereby delaying endosomal maturation and preventing antigen diversion to degradative lysosomes.

Identification of FADS2 as a Contributor of Ferroptosis Escape in Bladder Cancer.

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death. Previous research indicates that inducing ferroptosis holds significant promise in cancer therapy, particularly for patients who have failed traditional treatments. However, the presence of a ferroptosis escape mechanism in bladder cancer remains unclear, and the therapeutic potential of ferroptosis induction in this context requires further exploration.

Peptide-drug conjugates with linker-dependent payload release coordinate dual antitumor efficacy: Intrinsic RGDS-mediated metastasis suppression synergizes with camptothecin cytotoxicity.

Camptothecin and its derivatives exhibit broad-spectrum antitumor activity, but their clinical application is hampered by poor water solubility, myelosuppression, and gastrointestinal toxicity. Peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) represent the next generation of targeted therapeutic agents. In this study, we designed two RGDS-hydroxycamptothecin conjugates, 6-RGDS and 2-RGDS, which were linked via ester and ether bonds, respectively.

Understanding the role of urban block morphology in innovation vitality through explainable machine learning.

Innovative activities are a key driver of economic and social development, with urban blocks serving as essential hubs for innovation. However, how urban block morphology shapes innovation vitality remains challenging. This study uses spatial analysis and SHAP-based explainable machine learning to analyze how block morphology characteristics affect urban innovation vitality, taking Hangzhou, a typical city of digital innovation, as a sample.

Photolytic activation of NiXL explains how Ni-mediated cross coupling begins.

Nickel photocatalysis has recently become vital to organic synthesis, but how the NiXL pre-catalyst (X = Cl, Br; L = bidentate ligand) becomes activated to NiXL has remained puzzling and is typically addressed on a case-by-case basis. Here, we reveal a general mechanism where light induces photolysis of the Ni-X bond, either via direct excitation or triplet energy transfer. Photolysis produces NiXL and a halogen radical, X.

Porous Elastomer Film with Controlled Liquid-Metal Distribution for Recyclable Highly Customizable and Stretchable Patterned Electronics.

Stretchable conductors with conductive patterns are crucial for flexible electronics, which demand high conductivity and stable electrical properties under significant deformations. Liquid-metal (LM)-based composites patterned by selective sintering are promising for flexible electronics, however, short-circuiting may occur due to unintended activation of unsintered regions under strain. Hence, developing highly customizable LM-based stretchable conductors remains a persistent challenge.

Mechanisms of ribosomopathy and phase separation-related ribosomopathy.

Ribosome is an intracellular ribonucleoprotein particle that serves as the site of protein biosynthesis. Ribosomal dysfunction caused by mutations in genes encoding ribosomal proteins (RPs) and ribosome biogenesis factors (RBFs) can lead to a spectrum of diseases, collectively known as ribosomopathy. Phase separation is a thermodynamic process that produces multiple phases from a homogeneous mixture.

Zinc(II) Monomeric, Dimeric, and Trimeric Photosensitizers with Microsecond-Lived Intra-ligand Charge Transfer Excited States Investigated through Time-Resolved Optical and X-Ray Spectroscopy.

Zn photosensitizers relative to Cu complexes have received less attention due to their energetically higher metal-to-ligand charge transfer states. Three Zn complexes, namely a Monomer, a bimetallic helicate, and a trimetallic helicate, bearing phenanthroline ligands are hereby studied through time-resolved X-ray absorption (tr-XAS) and femto-microsecond optical transient absorption spectroscopy (OTA). The formation of intraligand singlet charge transfer (ILCT) excited states is achieved within femtoseconds, followed by intersystem crossing (ISC) in nanoseconds to generate microsecond-lived triplet (ILCT) states.

Validity and usability for digital cognitive assessment tools to screen for mild cognitive impairment: a randomized crossover trial.

Background: The practicality of implementing digital cognitive screening tests in primary health care (PHC) for the detection of cognitive impairments, particularly among populations with lower education levels, remains unclear. The aim of this study is to assess the validity and usability of digital cognitive screening tests in PHC settings.

Methods: We utilized a randomized crossover design, whereby 47 community-dwelling participants aged 65 and above were randomized into two groups.

Cerebral perfusion is correlated with cerebral metabolism and amyloid deposition in Alzheimer's disease.

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but their effects on other pathological processes, such as neurodegeneration and amyloid-β deposition, are unclear. We investigated the correlations between cerebral perfusion measured with arterial spinal labeling (ASL) and cerebral metabolism and amyloid deposition on positron emission tomography (PET) scans in AD. Sixty-four AD patients and 56 cognitively unimpaired controls were included.

Innovative novel regularized memory graph attention capsule network for financial fraud detection.

Financial fraud detection (FFD) is crucial for ensuring the safety and efficiency of financial transactions. This article presents the Regularised Memory Graph Attention Capsule Network (RMGACNet), an original architecture aiming at improving fraud detection using Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) networks combined with advanced feature extraction and classification algorithms. The model is tested on two reliable datasets: the European Cardholder (ECH) transactions dataset, which contains 284,807 transactions and 492 fraud instances, and the IEEE-CIS dataset, which has more than 1 million transactions.

Elevated platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts poor clinical outcomes in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The prognostic significance of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) remains controversial despite numerous investigations. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the prognostic value of PLR in NMIBC.

Materials And Methods: An extensive systematic search was executed utilizing four major electronic databases: Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library.

The comparison of anticrystallization effects of cellulose derivatives with polyvinylpyrrolidone and poloxamer on andrographolide: In vitro and in vivo characterization.

Cellulose derivatives play important roles in the development of pharmaceutical oral solid formulations. Owing to their high molecular weight and functional groups, these polymers can interact with water-insoluble drug crystals, influencing not only the drug's physicochemical properties but also its absorption efficiency. In this study, an anticrystallization experiment was designed to compare the inhibitory effects of cellulose derivatives (methylcellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC)) with those of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and poloxamer (F68) on the crystallization of model drugs (andrographolide, AG).

Enhancing stable and high-rate lithium ion storage through multifunctional molecular release in a phosphorus/carbon-bipyridine hybrid anode.

Phosphorus has emerged as a promising anode material due to its high specific capacity of 2594 mA h g and medium redox potential of about 0.7 V ( Li/Li). However, large volume changes and low ion reaction kinetics are still the dominant challenges that affect the long-term cycle stability and high-rate performance of phosphorus anodes.

PD-E2: a nano-scaled delivery for estradiol to decrease uterus damage and increase bone mineral density.

It is well known that a specific application of 17β-estradiol (E2) is in hormone replacement therapy (HRT), but it is capable of inducing uterine gland cysts. However, the concentration of E2 that causes uterine gland cysts and bone loss remains unknown. To better understand this, we used an ovariectomized (OVX) mouse as the animal model and administered poly-α,β-DL-aspartyl-Lys-coupled E2 (PD-E2) as the bone targeting agent.

Intelligent Detection of Tomato Ripening in Natural Environments Using YOLO-DGS.

To achieve accurate detection of tomato fruit maturity and enable automated harvesting in natural environments, this paper presents a more lightweight and efficient maturity detection algorithm, YOLO-DGS, addressing the challenges of subtle maturity differences between regular and cherry tomatoes, as well as fruit occlusion. First, to enhance feature extraction at various levels of abstraction in the input data, this paper proposes a novel segment-wise convolution module, C2f-GB. This module performs convolution in stages on the feature map, generating more feature maps with fewer parameters and computational resources, thereby improving the model's feature extraction capability while reducing parameter count and computational cost.

Malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the seminal vesicle: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are rare mesenchymal tumors that can occur in multiple parts of the human body. The majority of SFTs are benign, with malignant cases being exceedingly rare. Although SFTs have been identified in extrapleural sites such as the upper respiratory tract, orbits, and extremities, their occurrence in the seminal vesicles is exceedingly uncommon.

A mechanistic continuum of nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions with azole nucleophiles.

Nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SAr) is a broadly used method for generating structural complexity in pharmaceuticals. Although SAr reactions were long assumed to be stepwise, recent kinetic isotope effect (KIE) studies have shown that many SAr reactions are actually concerted. However, it remains unclear how variations in substrate structure affect whether a reaction is stepwise, concerted, or borderline.

Metasurface-enabled optical encryption and steganography with enhanced information security.

Metasurfaces have attracted considerable interest in optical encryption due to their remarkable ability to manipulate light at subwavelength scales, however the aspect of encryption security remains an area requiring deeper exploration. Here, we propose and demonstrate metasurface-enabled optical encryption and steganography that provides dual-layer information protection. A secret information is embedded within multiple carrier images using a run-length encoding algorithm, dispersing the data to safeguard it against direct observation and brute-force attacks, thereby establishing the first layer of security.