Efficacy and safety of cAMP-biased GLP-1 receptor agonist ecnoglutide versus dulaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes and elevated glucose concentrations on metformin monotherapy (EECOH-2): a 52-week, multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, phase 3 trial.

Background: Ecnoglutide is a novel biased GLP-1 receptor agonist that preferentially activates the cAMP pathway over β-arrestin recruitment. We aimed to assess both non-inferiority and superiority of ecnoglutide versus dulaglutide, also a GLP-1 receptor agonist, in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We conducted a 52-week, open-label, active-controlled, phase 3 trial at 52 hospitals in China.

High-transmission linear-to-circular polarization converter based on a polymer relief grating structure.

The polarization manipulation of sub-terahertz waves is critical for sub-terahertz communication and sensitive measurement. This work demonstrates a simple, low-cost, and high-performance transmissive-type polarization converter based on polymer relief grating, which can realize linear-to-circular polarization conversion, i.e.

Single-pixel imaging reconstruction based on a complementary frequency-domain filter mask with classifier-free guidance.

In single-pixel imaging, reconstructing high-quality images at a low measurement rate is a key goal. Currently, deep learning methods achieve this goal by optimizing the loss between the target image and the original image, which limits the potential of low measurements. Therefore, this study proposes a single-pixel reconstruction algorithm based on a complementary frequency-domain filter mask classifier model.

The management of recurrent hiatal hernia: a single-center retrospective study.

Purpose: Hiatal hernia (HH), characterized by gastric mucosa displacement > 2 cm above the diaphragm, presents significant challenges with recurrence rates ranging from 10 to 60%. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of the revisional surgery and establish a practical management flowchart for recurrent HH.

Methods: A retrospective, single-center, consecutive case series was conducted at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital.

[Quantitative Analysis of Wetland Evolution Characteristics and Driving Factors in Ruoergai Plateau Based on Landsat Time Series Remote Sensing Images].

The Ruoergai Wetland， China's largest high-altitude marsh， plays a crucial role in the carbon cycle and climate management. However， the Ruoergai Wetland has experienced significant damage as a result of human activity and global warming. Based on the Google Earth Engine （GEE） cloud platform and time-series Landsat images， a random forest algorithm was applied to produce a detailed classification map of the Ruoergai wetlands from 1990 to 2020.

NDL-Net: A Hybrid Deep Learning Framework for Diagnosing Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome From Chest X-Rays.

Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (NRDS) poses a significant threat to newborn health, necessitating timely and accurate diagnosis. This study introduces NDL-Net, an innovative hybrid deep learning framework designed to diagnose NRDS from chest X-rays (CXR). The architecture combines MobileNetV3 Large for efficient image processing and ResNet50 for detecting complex patterns essential for NRDS identification.

Observational case study revealing oceanic internal solitary waves modulating air-sea interactions in northern South China sea.

Internal solitary waves (ISWs) are extreme oceanic dynamic processes that significantly modulate sea surface currents and roughness, but their roles in air-sea interactions are still poorly understood. Here, synchronous ship-board observations of the ocean interior, sea surface and near-surface air conditions in the northern South China Sea showed that, influenced by one ISW front, skin temperature, air temperature, and wind speed decreased by up to 0.9℃, 0.

Complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of (Pallas, 1766).

The coral genus This study presents an updated complete mitochondrial genome of (Pallas, 1766). The final mitogenome spans 17,009 bp in length and contains 13 protein-coding genes, two transfer RNA genes, and two ribosomal RNA genes. It is worth noting that a previously published misannotation of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I () gene has been corrected.

Development of a Bayesian Network-Based Parallel Mechanism for Lower Limb Gait Rehabilitation.

This study aims to address the clinical needs of hemiplegic and stroke patients with lower limb motor impairments, including gait abnormalities, muscle weakness, and loss of motor coordination during rehabilitation. To achieve this, it proposes an innovative design method for a lower limb rehabilitation training system based on Bayesian networks and parallel mechanisms. A Bayesian network model is constructed based on expert knowledge and structural mechanics analysis, considering key factors such as rehabilitation scenarios, motion trajectory deviations, and rehabilitation goals.

Central adiposity and α-klotho: inflammatory mechanisms underlying aging biomarkers related to body roundness index.

Background: Obesity is a global health issue which has been widely accepted as an aging related pathogenesis. α-Klotho is a protein involved in aging process, mineral metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and the pathogenesis of various age-related diseases. Adiposity correlates with lower soluble α-Klotho, but the role of fat distribution and inflammation remains unclear.

Comparison of short-term clinical efficacy and safety between biological and synthetic meshes in laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair: a single-center randomized controlled trial.

Background: The optimal choice of mesh material in laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair (LHHR) is debated. This study aimed to compare the short-term clinical efficacy and safety of biological versus synthetic meshes in LHHR.

Methods: In a prospective, single-center randomized controlled trial conducted from January 2020 to December 2022, 124 patients undergoing LHHR were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the biological mesh group (n = 62) or the synthetic mesh group (n = 62).

Host FSTL1 defines the impact of stem cell therapy on liver fibrosis by potentiating the early recruitment of inflammatory macrophages.

Adult stem cell therapy holds great promise for treating decompensated liver cirrhosis on the basis of animal studies, despite uncertainty about its clinical therapeutic efficacy and unclear underlying mechanisms. Here, we investigated the role of follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1), a profibrotic and proinflammatory matricellular protein, in inflammation-related heterogeneity in stem cell therapy. Our results showed that a high level of circulating FSTL1 is significantly correlated with therapeutic response in patients with cirrhosis.

The clinical significance of T cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression in central nervous system germ cell tumors.

Background: Primary central nervous system germ cell tumors (CNS GCTs) are rare intracranial malignancies, and their tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in tumor initiation and progression. However, the specific characteristics of the immune microenvironment and their clinical significance remain poorly understood.

Methods: This study included 93 paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 90 patients diagnosed with CNS GCTs.

Contactless Detection of Abnormal Breathing Using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Signals and Deep Learning in Multi-Person Scenarios.

Contactless detection and classification of abnormal respiratory patterns is challenging, especially in multi-person scenarios. While Software-Defined Radio (SDR) systems have shown promise in capturing subtle respiratory movements, the presence of multiple people introduces interference and complexity, making it difficult to distinguish individual breathing patterns, particularly when subjects are close together or have similar respiratory conditions. This paper presents a contactless, non-invasive system for monitoring and classifying abnormal breathing patterns in both single and multi-person scenarios using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals and deep learning techniques.

Engineered extracellular vesicles with DR5 agonistic scFvs simultaneously target tumor and immunosuppressive stromal cells.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are nanosized vesicles. Death receptor 5 (DR5) mediates extrinsic apoptosis. We engineer DR5 agonistic single-chain variable fragment (scFv) expression on the surface of sEVs derived from natural killer cells.

Adaptive wireless-powered network based on CNN near-field positioning by a dual-band metasurface.

With the improvement of industry, the connectivity of electronic devices gradually shift from wired to wireless. As a solution for power delivery, the non-contact power transfer holds promising ways to charge for moving terminals, enabling battery-free sensing, processing, and communication. Based on a dual-band metasurface, this study proposes an adaptive wireless-powered network (AWPN) to realize the simultaneous wireless localization and non-contact power supply.

Insight into the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Containing Carbon Fibers and Nano-SiO.

This study aimed to improve the mechanical properties and microstructure of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) by incorporating carbon fibers (CFs) and nano-SiO (NS) to promote the optimal utilization of RAC. The mechanical properties of the RAC were enhanced by both single and hybrid additions of CFs and NS, and the hybrid addition had a better strengthening effect. From the experimental results, it was found that the addition of CFs could increase the 28 d compressive strength and splitting strength of the RAC by 9.

Suppression of intestinal Ticam1 ameliorated MASH via Akkermansia muciniphila QAA37749.1 mediated betaine transformation.

Background & Aims: Gut inflammation caused by diets could damage the intestinal barrier, which increases the liver exposition to pathogenic substances. Toll-IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adaptor molecule-1 (Ticam1) is a key molecule in the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) pathway, which is important for the immune defense against pathogens such as bacteria or viruses. In this study, mouse intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) Ticam1 was knocked out to suppress the intestinal inflammation response in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) to investigate its influence on the development of MASH.

Programmed Death Ligand-1 in Melanoma and Extracellular Vesicles Promotes Local and Regional Immune Suppression through M2-like Macrophage Polarization.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play dual roles (both pro- and antitumor) in tumor progression. TAMs induce programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in cancer cells. However, the regulatory effects of PD-L1 in melanoma cells on TAM phenotypical switching remain underexplored.

Effect of glucose-insulin-potassium on lactate levels at the end of surgery in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC) has been established as an effective treatment for peritoneal cancer (PC). However, this kind of combination therapy is associated with a high lactate level. Moreover, studies have suggested that the rate of complications early after surgery directly increased with elevated lactate levels.

A Dy(III) Coordination Polymer Material as a Dual-Functional Fluorescent Sensor for the Selective Detection of Inorganic Pollutants.

A Dy(III) coordination polymer (CP), [Dy(spasds)(HO)] () (NaHspasds = 5-(4-sulfophenylazo)salicylic disodium salt), has been synthesized using a hydrothermal method and characterized. features a 2D layered structure, where the spasda anions act as pentadentate ligands, adopting carboxylate, sulfonate and phenolate groups to bridge with four Dy centers in -: , -: , and monodentate coordination modes, respectively. It possesses a unique (4,4)-connected net with a Schläfli symbol of {4·6}{4}.

Correlation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio with serum α-klotho levels in US middle-aged and older individuals: Results from NHANES 2007-2016.

Background: The α-klotho (αKl) is widely accepted as an anti-aging and anti-inflammatory protein. However, it is rarely reported on the function and mechanism of αKl in the overall population (including healthy people and those with history of chronic disease). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are established as predictors of systemic inflammation.

Investigating the synergistic antibacterial effects of chlorogenic and p-coumaric acids on Shigella dysenteriae.

Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a well-known plant secondary metabolite exhibiting multiple physiological functions. The present study focused on screening for synergistic antibacterial combinations containing CGA. The combination of CGA and p-coumaric acid (pCA) exhibited remarkably enhanced antibacterial activity compared to that when administering the treatment only.