Tigliane glycosides from Euphorbia tirucalli as multidrug resistance modulators.

Chemical investigation of the twigs and leaves of Euphorbia tirucalli afforded six undescribed tigliane glycosides, tirucalosides A-F (1-6), together with 12 known diterpenoids (7-18). Compound 1 represents a rare carbon skeleton bearing a 5/7/5/4-fused ring system, while compound 6 contains an unusual seco-glucoside substitution. Their structures were determined by a combination of an extensive spectroscopic analysis and acid hydrolysis experiment.

Plasma membrane CYBDOM proteins catalyse apoplastic AsA regeneration and interact with RbohD to activate autophagy and drought tolerance in plants.

Autophagy and apoplastic ascorbic acid (AsA) play important roles in plant drought tolerance. However, the trans-plasma membrane transport of AsA and its association with autophagy during drought stress are unclear. Here we report an AsA-induced autophagy pathway in plants, wherein plasma-membrane-located cytochrome b561 and DOMON domain (CYBDOM) proteins play positive roles.

TRIM21-Driven Degradation of BRD4: Development of Heterobifunctional Degraders and Investigation of Recruitment and Selectivity Mechanisms.

TRIM21 is a highly efficient and versatile E3 ubiquitin ligase that plays a crucial role in targeted protein degradation through its specific binding capabilities. To investigate its role in chemically mediated degradation, we utilized two high-affinity binders identified from a DNA-encoded compound library (DEL) to design and synthesize several TrimTACs (TRIM21-based degraders) targeting BRD4. Degradation assays revealed that TrimTACs incorporating distinct TRIM21-binding moieties produced markedly different levels of BRD4 degradation.

Work engagement and associated factors among Chinese nurses: a multi-centre cross-sectional study.

Background: Nurses are essential to health maintenance. Increased work engagement correlates with enhanced performance, positive emotions and improved health and productivity among employees. However, few studies have focused on the associated factors of work engagement, and the results have been controversial.

Expert Consensus on Subxiphoid and Subcostal Arch Thoracoscopic Resection for the Treatment of Thymoma.

Surgery is the primary treatment for thymoma. Although subxiphoid and subcostal arch thoracoscopic thymoma surgery is widely used, there is currently a lack of consensus regarding its use, nor have standards been established. Based on the surgical experience of many domestic thoracic surgery centers, the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Medical University has formulated this expert consensus regarding key clinical issues related to thoracoscopic thymoma surgery, including preoperative evaluation, surgical indications, preoperative preparation, surgical details, perioperative management, postoperative treatment, and follow-up.

New insights into plant cell wall functions.

The plant cell wall is an extremely complicated natural nanoscale structure composed of cellulose microfibrils embedded in a matrix of noncellulosic polysaccharides, further reinforced by the phenolic compound lignins in some cell types. Such a network formed by the interactions of multiscale polymers actually reflects functional form of the cell wall to meet the requirements of plant cell functionalization. Therefore, how plants assemble cell wall functional structure is fundamental in plant biology and critical for crop trait formation and domestication as well.

Chemically Induced Nuclear Pore Complex Protein Degradation via TRIM21.

Despite the exciting progress of bifunctional degrader molecules, also known as proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs), the rapidly expanding field is still significantly hampered by the lack of available E3 ligase ligands. Our research bridges this gap by uncovering a series of small-molecule ligands to the E3 ligase TRIM21 through DNA-Encoded Library (DEL) technology. We confirmed their interaction with TRIM21 using crystallography and demonstrated their antiproliferative effects across various cancer cell types.

Study on the Solidification/Stabilization of MSWI Fly Ash by Composite Alkali-Activated Cementitious Materials.

Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash (FA) is a hazardous waste produced during the incineration of municipal solid waste, posing a risk of heavy metal leaching and threatening the environment. Therefore, the harmless treatment of MSWI FA has become a crucial issue in environmental safety treatment. This study utilized blast furnace slag, FA, and MSWI FA to prepare composite alkali-activated cementitious materials for the solidification and stabilization of heavy metals in MSWI FA.

Prognostic value of upper paratracheal lymph node resection in stage IB right‑sided lung cancer: A retrospective cohort study.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of upper paratracheal lymph node resection on the prognosis of patients with stage IB non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A retrospective analysis of 339 patients with upper lobe stage IB NSCLC who underwent surgery at Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center (Guangzhou, China) between 1999 and 2009 was conducted. The Cox regression model was used to investigate prognostic factors.

Inactivation of TACC2 epigenetically represses CDKN1A and confers sensitivity to CDK inhibitors.

Background: The genomic landscape of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been characterized extensively, but there remains a significant need for actionable targets and effective therapies.

Methods: Here, we perform integrative analysis of genome-wide loss of heterozygosity and expression to identify potential tumor suppressor genes. The functions and mechanisms of one of the candidates, TACC2, are then explored both in vitro and in vivo, leading to the proposal of a therapeutic strategy based on the concept of synthetic lethality.

Bilateral Mediastinal Lymphadenectomy Is Associated With Potential Survival Advantages in Patients With Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Who Undergo Lung Resection.

Purpose: The optimal lymphadenectomy approach for solid-dominant stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is controversial. We compared postlobectomy survival outcomes to elucidate.

Materials And Methods: Patients diagnosed with solid-dominant stage I NSCLC between 2008 and 2015 were included and grouped according to the mode of lymphadenectomy.

XYLAN O-ACETYLTRANSFERASE 6 promotes xylan synthesis by forming a complex with IRX10 and governs wall formation in rice.

Xylan, a pivotal polymer with diversified structures, is indispensable for cell wall integrity and contributes to plant growth and biomass recalcitrance. Xylan is synthesized by multienzyme complexes named xylan synthase complexes (XSCs). However, the biochemical mechanism of XSCs and the functions of core components within XSC remain unclear.

Jatrophane diterpenoids from Jatropha curcas with multidrug resistance reversal activity.

Nine jatrophane diterpenoids, including six previously undescribed compounds, were extracted and purified from whole plants of Jatropha curcas L. Their structures including absolute configurations were characterized by spectroscopic, quantum chemical Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Electronic Circular Dichroism calculation, and Single Crystal X-Ray Diffraction methods. These compounds were evaluated for their ability to reverse multidrug resistance.

259 alleviates hyperuricemia in rats by decreasing uric acid and modulating the gut microbiota.

Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic disease arising from abnormal purine metabolism. It contributes to an increased risk of kidney damage. The present study aimed to investigate the uric acid (UA)-lowering effects of 259 isolated from yak yogurt and explore its underlying mechanisms.

Mechanism of low-intensity pulse ultrasound combined with Rhodiola to promote bone formation in spinal fusion.

This study aimed to explore the influence and mechanism of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) combined with Rhodiola bone penetration on the formation of spinal fusion bone. Sixty clean-grade New Zealand white rabbits were selected for randomization and divided into combined group and Rhodiola group, with 30 rabbits in each group to construct a rabbit lumbar intervertebral fusion model, using Rhodiola intervention and Rhodiola combined with LIPUS intervention protocol, respectively. The axial strength, axial stiffness, maximum compressive load, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were compared after HE staining, immunohistochemistry and biomechanical detection.

Polysaccharides Analysis of Cell Wall Using Carbohydrate Gel Electrophoresis.

The plant cell wall is rich in polysaccharides with high heterogeneity. Investigating the composition and structure of cell wall polysaccharides is crucial for understanding the functionalities of plant cell walls. Carbohydrate electrophoresis is a sensitive and rapid method to analyze polysaccharides qualitatively and quantitatively.

Prevalence and quantity of lymph nodes at mediastinal stations in patients with lung cancer: lessons from 181 bilateral mediastinal lymphadenectomies.

Background: This study evaluated the prevalence and quantity of lymph nodes at particular stations of the mediastinum in patients with lung cancer. These data are important to radiologists, pathologists, and thoracic surgeons because they can serve as a benchmark when assessing the completeness of lymph node dissection. However, relevant data in the literature are scarce.

Preparation and application of alkali-activated cementitious materials in solidification/stabilization of chromite ore processing residue.

Chromite ore processing residue (COPR) is a typical hazardous waste, which contains Cr(vi) and poses a great threat to the ecological environment and human health. In this study, solidification/stabilization (S/S) of COPR was carried out by using blast furnace slag (BFS) and fly ash (FA) to prepare alkali-activated cementitious materials (AACM). The influence of different factors (water glass modulus, liquid-solid ratio, alkali-solid content and curing temperature) on compressive strength was investigated by single-factor experiment.

Catalytic pyrolysis and carbonization of walnut shells: poly-generation and enhanced electrochemical performance of carbons.

In this study, walnut shell (WS) was used as feedstock, incorporating lithium carbonate (LC), sodium carbonate (SC), potassium carbonate (PC), and potassium hydroxide (PH) as pyrolysis catalysts and carbonization activators. A one-step method that allows catalytic pyrolysis and carbonization to be carried out consecutively under their respective optimal conditions is employed, enabling the concurrent production of high-quality pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas, and carbon materials from biomass conversion. The effects of LC, SC, PC, and PH on the yield and properties of products derived from WS pyrolysis as well as on the properties and performance of the resulting carbon materials were examined.

The molecular characteristics could supplement the staging system of pT2/T3N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a translational study based on a cohort with over 20 years of follow-up.

Objective: This study aimed to construct a model based on 23 enrolled molecules to evaluate prognoses of pT2/3N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients with up to 20 years of follow-up.

Methods: The lasso-Cox model was used to identify the candidate molecule. A nomogram was conducted to develop the survival model (molecular score, MS) based on the molecular features.