The safety and effectiveness of immune checkpoint blockade in lung cancer with COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Lung cancer with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often has a more aggressive invasion without manageable driver gene mutation. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in lung cancer with COPD.

Methods: We searched for literature reporting immunotherapy in lung cancer with or without COPD in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases between January 2011 and July 2023.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes contribute to lung cancer risk: a multiomics data integration study.

Background: The role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in lung cancer remains inadequately explored, with existing studies reporting conflicting results. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between ERS-related genes and lung cancer risk.

Methods: This study used two large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) datasets on lung cancer and integrated multiomics data, including methylation, expression and protein quantitative trait loci, to determine the causal relationships between methylation, gene expression, protein abundance, and lung cancer risk via summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) and colocalization analyses.

AND Logic Gate Strategy for Targeted Melanoma Treatment Through Sequential Photosynthetic Oxygenation and Tyrosinase-Catalyzed Ferroptosis.

Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive and metastatic skin cancer characterized by tyrosinase overexpression. Therefore, harnessing the activation of tyrosinase-catalyzed toxicity enables targeted tumor-specific therapy while sparing surrounding healthy tissues. Herein, an AND logic-gated, cyanobacteria (Cyan)-driven, living therapeutic alginate hydrogel is proposed that activates the tyrosinase-catalyzed ferroptotic phenolic prodrug N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide (APhH), triggering cascaded reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and glutathione (GSH) depletion for melanoma-specific ferroptosis.

Expert Consensus on Subxiphoid and Subcostal Arch Thoracoscopic Resection for the Treatment of Thymoma.

Surgery is the primary treatment for thymoma. Although subxiphoid and subcostal arch thoracoscopic thymoma surgery is widely used, there is currently a lack of consensus regarding its use, nor have standards been established. Based on the surgical experience of many domestic thoracic surgery centers, the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Medical University has formulated this expert consensus regarding key clinical issues related to thoracoscopic thymoma surgery, including preoperative evaluation, surgical indications, preoperative preparation, surgical details, perioperative management, postoperative treatment, and follow-up.

The clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of mucin-laden nonmucinous lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: The study objective was to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of mucin-laden nonmucinous lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Between October 2017 and December 2019, a total of 529 patients with nonmucinous lung adenocarcinoma who received surgical resection were retrospectively collected. Disease-free survival and overall survival were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test.

Identifying GAP43, NMU, and TEX29 as Potential Prognostic Biomarkers for COPD Combined With Lung Cancer Patients Using Machine Learning.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer, frequently comorbid conditions intricately linked through smoking, represent significant global health challenges. COPD is a common comorbidity in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and has been shown to negatively impact prognosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the interplay between COPD and lung cancer remain unclear.

Spatiotemporally Controlled Co-Treatment of Lung Cancer and Pulmonary Immune-Related Adverse Events by Inhalable Albumin-Chaperoned Ultrathin MnO Nanosheets.

Cancer immunotherapy is often associated with immune-related adverse events (irAE), particularly in the lungs, which can lead to treatment discontinuation and negatively impact patient outcomes. In this study, we explore a spatiotemporally controlled cotreatment of lung cancer and pulmonary irAE using inhalable albumin-chaperoned ultrathin MnO nanosheets (MnO@BSA). The MnO@BSA exhibits efficient reactive oxygen species scavenging and NIR-II photothermal properties.

Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapy for Stage II-IIIB Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With Mutations Beyond EGFR 19del, L858R, and ALK Rearrangement.

Background: Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (neoICT) is not currently recommended for patients with stage II-IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring oncogenic driver mutations, especially tyrosine kinase inhibitor-sensitizing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). This study aimed to compare the pathologic response and survival outcomes between neoICT and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (neoChT) in patients with stage II-IIIB NSCLC harboring driver mutations beyond EGFR exon 19 deletion (19del), exon 21 L858R, and ALK rearrangement.

Methods: Patients with stage II-IIIB NSCLC harboring driver mutations (EGFR 20ins/EGFR G719X/KRAS/BRAF/c-MET/HER-2/ROS1/RET/PIK3CA) who underwent neoICT or neoChT followed by curative-intent resection were retrospectively enrolled between November 2019 and August 2023.

Neoadjuvant Aumolertinib for unresectable stage III EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer: a single-arm phase II trial.

Aumolertinib, a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), is widely utilized for advanced EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients (NSCLCm). This single-arm, phase II trial (NCT04685070) assessed the feasibility of neoadjuvant Aumolertinib for unresectable stage III NSCLCm. Fifty-six patients were enrolled, with 51 participants receiving neoadjuvant Aumolertinib (110 mg/day, orally) and forming the intention-to-treat population.

Expert Consensus on Perioperative Physician-Pharmacist Airway Co-Management.

Background: Airway management during the perioperative period is a vital component of perioperative care. However, there is a lack of consensus on the selection of medications, timing of administration, and the management of airway complications. This consensus aimed to promote a more rational and standardized application of airway management medications.

Anti-PD1 based precision induction therapy in unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer: a phase II umbrella clinical trial.

The efficacy and safety of induction-immunotherapy followed by surgery for unresectable Stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain challenging. In this open-label, single-center, phase II clinical umbrella trial (ChiCTR2000035367), 100 unresectable Stage III NSCLC patients are enrolled. Patients with PD-L1 expression ≥ 50% but contraindications to anti-angiogenic therapy receive immuno-monotherapy.

Sublobectomy versus lobectomy for peripheral small-sized pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma.

Background: Pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma (PMA), a rare type of adenocarcinoma, remains controversial in terms of its associated prognosis. We conducted this study to compare the oncological outcomes of lobectomy and sublobectomy for peripheral small-sized PMA.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included all patients with peripheral small-sized (≤2 cm) clinical stage IA1-A2 PMA who underwent lobectomy or sublobectomy (with margin distances ≥2 cm or greater than tumor diameter) between January 2015 and December 2018.

Segmentectomy for non-peripheral and peripheral small-sized non-small-cell lung cancer.

Objectives: To compare the oncological outcomes of segmentectomy for non-peripheral versus peripheral small-sized non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients with clinical stage IA1-A2 NSCLC who underwent segmentectomy. Patients were separated based on tumour distance index (DI, which was calculated as the ratio of the distance from the entrance of the segmental bronchus to the proximal tumour margin to the distance to the lobar pleura along the same line): non-peripheral group (DI ≤ 2/3) and peripheral group (DI > 2/3).

Selective inhibition of TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition overcomes chemotherapy resistance in high-risk lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) represents a major subtype of lung cancer, and it demonstrates limited treatment options and worse survival. Identifications of a prognostic model and chemoresistance mechanism can be helpful for improving stratification and guiding therapy decisions. The integrative development of machine learning-based models reveals a random survival forest (RSF) prognostic model for LUSC.

The potential high-risk population for lung cancer screening: determination of initial screening age and heterogeneity in histology and sex.

Background: In 2021, the US Preventive Services Task Force expanded the initial age for lung cancer screening from 55 to 50 years, which other associations have not followed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the beneficiary age range for lung cancer screening and assess the potential heterogeneity in tumor histology and patient sex.

Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between 2011 and 2016 were included.

Tumor therapeutics in the era of "RECIST": past, current insights, and future prospects.

In recent years, advancements in medical treatment and imaging technologies have revolutionized the assessment of tumor response. However, the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) has long been established as the gold standard for evaluating tumor treatment. As treatment modalities evolve, the need for continuous refinement and adaptation of RECIST becomes increasingly apparent.

ANGPTL4-A protein involved in glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and tumor development.

Since ANGPTL4 was discovered to be involved in lipid metabolism in 2000 for the first time, Angptl4 has attracted the attention of researchers. With the further research, it was found that angptl4 was also involved in many biological activities (glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, wound healing, tumor growth, etc.) in vivo.

Number of involved nodal stations predicts survival in small cell lung cancer.

Background: In small cell lung cancer (SCLC), the pathological N category is identical to it in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and remains unchanged over a decade. Here we verified the discriminability of number of involved nodal stations (nS) in SCLC and compared its efficacy in predicting survival with currently used pathological nodal (pN) staging.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the patients who received operations and were pathologically diagnosed as SCLC at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital between 2009 and 2019.

The supraclavicular approach in the management of cervicothoracic-junction benign neurogenic tumors: A real-world analysis.

Objectives: The study objectives were to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and risk of neurologic complications with the supraclavicular approach in the operative management of cervicothoracic-junction benign neurogenic tumors.

Methods: Between January 2012 and April 2023, 115 patients who underwent surgical resection for cervicothoracic-junction benign neurogenic tumors were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the surgical approach: supraclavicular alone (Supraclav-Alone), n = 16; Transthoracic-Alone (video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery/Open), n = 87; and supraclavicular combined with transthoracic (Supraclav + video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery/open), n = 12.

Neoadjuvant camrelizumab (an anti-PD-1 antibody) plus chemotherapy or apatinib (a VEGFR-2 inhibitor) for initially unresectable stage II-III non-small-cell lung cancer: a multicentre, two-arm, phase 2 exploratory study.

This multicentre, two-arm, phase 2 study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant camrelizumab plus chemotherapy or apatinib in patients with initially unresectable stage II-III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Eligible patients regardless of PD-L1 expression received neoadjuvant camrelizumab 200 mg and platinum-doublet chemotherapy every 3 weeks (arm A) or those with PD-L1-positive tumors received neoadjuvant camrelizumab and apatinib 250 mg once daily (arm B), for 2-4 cycles, followed by surgery. The primary endpoint was major pathological response (MPR) rate.