Genetic burden and multidimensional predictors in prenatal diagnosis of fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

This study aims to assess the genetic burden of fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and identify prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal predictors to improve early diagnosis, monitoring, and intervention. This study included 130 CDH fetuses who underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis, with fetal prognosis evaluated using imaging parameters such as observed-to-expected lung-to-head ratio (o/e LHR), observed-to-expected total lung volume (o/e TLV), and percent predicted lung volume (PPLV). Clinical outcomes included neonatal outcomes, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) requirement, and post-neonatal prognosis.

Time to hemostatic agent administration increases mortality in veterans with factor Xa inhibitor-related intracranial hemorrhage.

Background: The two hemostatic agents utilized for reversal of life-threatening hemorrhage associated with Factor Xa (fXa) inhibition are andexanet alfa (AA) and four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4F-PCC). In May 2018, AA was approved with possible superior short-term hemostatic efficacy but has been linked with higher rates of thrombotic events. Considering these concerns, the absence of high-quality comparative studies, and the higher cost compared to other agents, four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate remained the more utilized agent.

E3 ligase RAD18 targets phosphorylated IRF3 to terminate IFNB1 transcription.

The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) initiates type I interferon transcription, which is required for host defense. Here, we identify RAD18 as a central E3 ubiquitin ligase that selectively targets phosphorylated IRF3 (p-IRF3) for autophagic degradation. RAD18 specifically promotes the dissociation of p-IRF3 from the IFNB promoter and in turn terminates its transcriptional activity.

Antimicrobial Activities of Propolis Nanoparticles in Combination with Ampicillin Sodium Against Methicillin-Resistant .

Combining antibiotics with propolis is an effective method to combat bacterial drug resistance. Nanoparticles are of interest in the antimicrobial field because of their higher drug stability, solubility, penetration power, and treatment efficacy. In this study, propolis nanoparticles (PNPs) were synthesized, and their antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities against methicillin-resistant (MRSA) in combination with ampicillin sodium (AS) were analyzed.

Bispecific antibody engineered from two non-protective antibodies confers full protection against anthrax toxin through inhibition of PA83 cleavage.

Anthrax is a highly contagious zoonotic disease, posing a great threat to human life and health. Protective antibodies against anthrax protective antigens (PA) can play a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of anthrax infections. However, the functions and mechanisms of the large number of non-protective antibodies elicited during the infection or vaccination of anthrax have not been clearly understood.

Spinal segment-specific properties of neural stem cells contribute to the outcomes of spinal cord injury repair.

Neurons in distinct spinal cord segments serve specific functions, raising questions about whether human spinal cord-derived neural stem cells (hscNSCs) retain segment-specific properties crucial for spinal cord injury (SCI) repair. We established a culture system amplifying hscNSCs from cervical, thoracic, and lumbar segments, revealing segment-specific transcriptional profiles and differentiation potentials. Notably, thoracic hscNSCs exhibited elevated hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) expression inherited from the pre-ganglionic column, enhancing their differentiation into motor neurons.

Progress on Solid-State Synthesis and Photoluminescence Applications of All-Inorganic Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals.

In recent years, all-inorganic metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have emerged as promising optoelectronic materials due to their exceptional optical properties, including high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs > 90%), extremely narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM < 30 nm), broadly tunable emission spectra, and short decay lifetimes. However, extensive reviews exist on colloidal perovskite NCs synthesized via solution-related methods. Here, this review uniquely focuses on solid-state synthesis of bulk and powder NCs.

Biochemical impact and therapeutic efficacy of laparoscopic surgery in early-stage ovarian cancer: Modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and tumor markers.

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the biochemical impact of laparoscopic surgery on angiogenesis, focusing on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and the modulation of key tumor markers in patients with early-stage ovarian cancer.

Methods: A total of 76 patients diagnosed with early ovarian cancer were enrolled and divided into two groups based on the surgical approach: the control group (n=38) underwent open surgery, and the observation group (n=38) underwent laparoscopic surgery. Surgical parameters, VEGF levels, tumor markers [matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), stromal cell-derived factor-1a (SDF-1a), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)], survival rates, and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.

Vibronically Coupled and Thermally Tunable Broadband NIR Optical Response in 0D W-Activated CsZrCl Perovskite for Multifunctional NIR Spectroscopy Applications.

Low-dimensional halide perovskites are highly susceptible to thermal quenching (TQ) due to strong soft lattice nature. Currently, examples of thermally enhanced NIR luminescence in low-dimensional materials are very scarce to the knowledge. Herein, the active role of vibronic coupling is manifested through thermal tunability of broadband NIR emission in 0D W-activated CsZrCl, leading to anti-TQ behavior ranging from 80 to 613 K.

Development of a High-throughput Morphological Assay for Evaluating Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicle Modulation of Brain Pericyte Secretory Phenotype.

Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) are a promising therapeutic tool for treating many neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroinflammation plays a major role in many of these conditions through an orchestration of interdependent processes that lead to the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), infiltration of immune cells and neuronal death. MSC-EVs have shown preliminary evidence of modulating neuroinflammation, but their mechanisms of action are still unknown.

Kinetic Study on the Reactions of NH Oxidation and NO Formation in NH/CH Combustion.

Ammonia (NH) is increasingly recognized as an important sustainable energy carrier, and methane (CH) is typically added to combustion systems to enhance their combustion performance. Reaction pathways of NH/CH combustion require further clarification. In the present study, the key reactions of NH oxidation and NO formation in NH/CH combustion were revealed at the subatomic level.

All-Cause and Pneumococcal Community-Acquired Pneumonia Hospitalizations Among Adults in Tennessee and Georgia.

Importance: Although the use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) has reduced the overall burden of pneumococcal disease, recent measurements of pneumococcal pneumonia incidence are lacking.

Objective: To prospectively quantify the burden of pneumococcal pneumonia and to assess the potential impact of the recently approved adult-specific 21-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (V116).

Design, Settings, And Participants: This cross-sectional study for prospective active surveillance included adults residing in defined catchment areas in Tennessee and Georgia hospitalized with clinical and radiographical evidence of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) at 3 hospitals between 2018 and 2022.

Urine pH and urine ammonium as biomarkers in kidney disease.

Background: Urinary acidification is a crucial aspect of kidney tubular function that helps maintain the body's acid-base balance. The primary component of net acid excretion is ammonium (NH4+), which is formed when hydrogen ions (H+) secreted from the tubule combine with the major urinary buffer, ammonia (NH3). Consequently, both H+ and NH3 influence urine NH4+ excretion.

Harnessing GhGRDP1 natural variation for enhanced cotton seed yield: a rhamnose-dependent strategy in breeding.

Introduction: Breeding high-yield crops has long been a fundamental goal in global agriculture, with seeds serving as the essential vehicle to achieve this aim. Therefore, understanding the regulatory mechanisms of seed size is critical for ensuring food security.

Objectives: Our study focused on the natural variation, molecular regulatory mechanism and functional evolution of yield trait-related gene GhGRDP1, identified through GWAS and eQTL analyses in upland cotton natural population.

Geochemical Characteristics and Significance of Residual Gases in Shale and Granite.

Shale and granite are the most potential helium source rocks; however, the distinctions in geochemical characteristics and the origin of residual gas remain unclear, which restricts the exploration and development of helium resources. A total of 11 rock samples (six shales and five granites) were collected from the Yangtze region for the analysis of the chemical composition, noble gas component, and isotope ratio of rock residual gas, as well as the mineral composition, major and trace elements of rock samples. The total absolute content of residual gas in shale is much higher than that in granite.

Andexanet alfa increases 30-day thrombotic events relative to four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate for factor Xa inhibitors-related intracerebral hemorrhage in veterans.

Background And Objectives: Two hemostatic agents are commonly used to reverse factor Xa (fXa) inhibitor-related intracranial hemorrhage (ICH): andexanet alfa (AA) or 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4F-PCC). We sought evaluate real-world data in Veterans diagnosed with fXa inhibitor-related ICH by comparing short-term mortality and thrombotic events in patients who received AA vs. 4F-PCC.

Anticancer effects and mechanisms of , and on human lung carcinoma and hepatoma cells.

Herbs are extensively utilized in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for lung and liver cancer treatment, but the mechanisms behind these herbs remain largely unknown. Here, high-throughput transcriptomic analysis technology was used to uncover molecular mechanisms of herbal treatment. Furthermore, we developed a compound recognition approach utilizing the LINCS L1000 database to identify potential treatment targets.

Curcumin-alendronate carbon dots: A dual-logic strategy for precision treatment of periodontitis.

Periodontitis, a multifaceted chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the oral cavity, with its etiology intricately linked to oxidative stress. Existing pharmacotherapies for periodontitis often suffer from a lack of target specificity and are challenged by the double demands of mitigating oxidative stress and promoting tissue regeneration in a coordinated, multi-pronged strategy. To address the challenges of "where" and "how", this study synthesizes both guidance and therapeutic dual logic-based Curcumin-Alendronate carbon dots (Cur-Alen CDs).

Triazine amine compounds synergistically enhance the efficacy against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans with fluconazole by inhibiting cell wall synthesis.

Invasive fungal infections caused by Candida albicans are associated with high morbidity and mortality, highlighting the urgent need for novel antifungal agents. Compound 2 m in combination with fluconazole exhibited a significant synergistic effect (fractional inhibitory concentration index range: 0.15-0.

Systematically identification of survival-associated eQTLs in a Japanese kidney cancer cohort.

Background: Clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) is the predominant form of kidney cancer, but the prognostic value of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) remains underexplored, particularly in Asian populations.

Objective: We analyzed whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing data from 100 Japanese ccRCC patients to identify eQTLs. Multiple Cox proportional hazard models assessed survival associations, with validation in the Cancer Genome Atlas ccRCC cohort (n = 287).

Stabilizing the electrode-electrolyte interface for high-voltage Li‖LiCoO cells using dual electrolyte additives.

Rechargeable Li‖LiCoO batteries are attractive due to their high energy density. However, the growth of lithium dendrites and the degradation of cathode at high potential hinder their practical application. Herein, we propose an advanced fluorinated carbonate-based electrolyte consisting of -4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one (DFEC) and tri-(trimethylsilyl) phosphite (TMSPi) as dual additives to construct a stable interface on both the anode and cathode.

Surface plasmon resonance effect enhances spin-polarized electrons to promote photocatalytic CO reduction.

The construction of chiral materials has always been a research hotspot in the field of inorganic chiral nanomaterials. By introducing chiral destructive agents, materials are endowed with chiral nanostructures, its unique chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) can be applied in the field of photocatalysis. Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) are a typical photosensitizer capable of producing surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effects, producing CO and CH in photocatalytic CO reduction.

Community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized adults: long-term morbidities and their risk factors.

Background: The long-term morbidity associated with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and the risk factors associated with this long-term morbidity are unclear. In adults hospitalized for CAP, we sought to quantify the impact of CAP on loss of function, cognitive impairment, loss of employment, and quality of life six months after hospitalization for CAP and identify risk factors for these adverse outcomes.

Design: This prospective cohort study is an analysis of the Pneumococcal Pneumonia Epidemiology, Urine serotyping, and Mental Outcomes (PNEUMO) study population conducted at an academic, quaternary care hospital.