Flow Characteristics and Enhanced Oil Recovery Performance of Anionic and Zwitterionic Viscoelastic Surfactant System.

Surfactant flooding has shown potential in enhanced oil recovery (EOR), but conventional surfactants often underperform in heterogeneous reservoirs. This study investigates the impact of a surfactant mixture, combining anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and zwitterionic oleylamidopropyl betaine (OAB-30), on two-phase flow behavior and its EOR potential. Six surfactant solutions with varying concentrations were first screened using an idealized dead-end shaped microchannel in combination with interfacial properties and rheological tests.

Sigmoidin B attenuates sepsis-associated encephalopathy through EZH2-AKT2-mediated regulation of microglial polarization.

Purpose: Enhancer of zeste homolog (EZH2) is a potential target in treatment of sepsis. The current study is aimed to screen a novel EZH2 degrader agent based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Database YaTCM. This may provide an important clue for development of new drugs to treat sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE).

Biochemical impact and therapeutic efficacy of laparoscopic surgery in early-stage ovarian cancer: Modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and tumor markers.

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the biochemical impact of laparoscopic surgery on angiogenesis, focusing on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and the modulation of key tumor markers in patients with early-stage ovarian cancer.

Methods: A total of 76 patients diagnosed with early ovarian cancer were enrolled and divided into two groups based on the surgical approach: the control group (n=38) underwent open surgery, and the observation group (n=38) underwent laparoscopic surgery. Surgical parameters, VEGF levels, tumor markers [matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), stromal cell-derived factor-1a (SDF-1a), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)], survival rates, and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.

Evolutionary dynamics of heparan sulfate utilization by SARS-CoV-2.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variants have acquired enhanced infectivity compared to earlier variants. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, we conducted CRISPR library screening to identify cell surface molecules that interact with the Omicron spike protein. Our findings revealed a significantly higher affinity between the Omicron spike and cell surface heparan sulfate compared to the wild-type spike.

Thermal pretreatment-enhanced partial denitrification/anammox: Mobilising in-situ dissolved organic carbon to improve nitrogen removal in municipal wastewater.

Low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio remains a critical barrier to achieving efficient nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater by partial denitrification/anammox (PD/A) process. This study introduces a novel strategy that enhances PD/A performance by deeply utilizing in-situ carbon sources through thermal pretreatment. Specifically, heating at 100 °C for 30 min increased soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD)/NO-N ratio from 1.

Hydrothermal Fabricated NiS-YbO Heterojunction Electrocatalysts with Charge Redistribution for Efficient Alkaline Oxygen Evolution Reactions.

Designing efficient and stable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is of great significance for hydrogen production technology through the electrolysis of water. Nickel sulfide (NiS) has garnered considerable attention as an OER electrocatalyst owing to its high electrical conductivity and distinctive structure. Herein, NiS-YbO on nickel foam electrocatalysts was fabricated through a hydrothermal synthesis approach to optimize the performance of NiS.

Flexible graphene/PAM/PVA hydrogel composites with highly dispersed cobalt nanoparticles for enhanced microwave absorption.

With the increasing demand for flexible microwave-absorbing materials (MAMs), it is necessary to ensure a continuous network of MAM fillers. However, it is still a great challenge to achieve uniform loading of magnetic nanoparticles because of the uncertain reaction sites of graphene. For this research, we adopted a high-pressure homogenization strategy to realize a uniform distribution of Co nanoparticles on the graphene surface via polyethyleneimine (PEI) modification.

Event-related dynamic phase-amplitude coupling analysis reveals facial emotional processing deficits in patients with major depressive disorder: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) measures the interaction between neural oscillations in different frequency bands and reflects brain functional network coordination in psychiatric patients. The event-related dynamic changes in PAC characteristics and their association with the neural physiological mechanisms under emotional stimulation in major depressive disorder (MDD) remain poorly understood.

Methods: We proposed a cross-sectional study that investigated three PAC methods using simulated data and selected the Gaussian-Copula Event-Related PAC (GC-ERPAC) method for dynamic analysis of 128-channel electroencephalogram data from 53 participants, including 24 patients with MDD and 29 healthy controls (HCs).

exacerbates colitis via STAT3 activation induced by Acetyl-CoA accumulation.

() has emerged as a potential contributor to ulcerative colitis (UC) pathogenesis, although the specific mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study demonstrates that promotes colitis by disrupting intestinal barrier integrity, inducing apoptosis in epithelial cells, and modulating inflammatory pathways. Furthermore, we demonstrate that promotes STAT3 acetylation at K685, followed by phosphorylation at Y705, thereby enhancing its transcriptional activity and exacerbating colitis severity.

Divergent spatiotemporal signatures characterize impaired facial emotional recognition in major depressive disorder: An event-related microstate study.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic affective mental disorder with intricate neuropathological characteristics. Microstate analysis has proved its ability to reveal the relatively stable features in a specific brain process. However, the relationship between event-related microstate networks and affective dysfunctions in patients with MDD is not well known.

Safety, immunogenicity and immune persistence of a lyophilized purified human diploid cells rabies vaccine following rabies PEP regimen Essen and Zagreb: A randomized, blinded controlled phase 3 trial in healthy participants aged 10-60 years old.

Objective: To evaluate the safety, immunogenicity and immune persistence of a lyophilized purified human diploid cells rabies vaccine in healthy and previously unvaccinated people in a simulated rabies post-exposure prophylaxis, by traditional 5-dose Essen regimen and abbreviated 4-dose Zagreb regimen.

Methods: A cohort of 1800 healthy participants aged 10-60 years old were randomized into three groups: 5-dose test group (T5, Essen regimen), 5-dose control group (C5, Essen regimen) and 4-dose test group (T4, Zagreb regimen) according to the ratio of 1:1:1, and inoculated with trial vaccine or control vaccine separately to analyze the safety of vaccine as well as rabies antibody levels before and after vaccination.

Results: Adverse reactions (AEs) mainly occurred after the initial dose of immunization, which were mostly mild (grade 1) in severity.

Overlooked Significance of Reactive Chlorines in the Reacted Loss of VOCs and the Formation of O and SOA.

The photochemical loss of VOCs induced by OH radicals has been proven to be important for diagnosing ozone formation chemistry, while chlorine chemistry is becoming increasingly critical in the atmosphere by oxidizing primary pollutants and accelerating the formation of secondary pollutants. However, the role of the consumed VOCs caused by chlorine radicals is not clear. Here, observations combined with model simulations suggest that photochemical depletion of VOCs oxidized by chlorine radicals would not only promote the formation of ozone and oxygenated organic molecules (OOMs) but also help explain the nonlinear chemistry between secondary pollutants (O and OOMs) and precursors (VOCs and NO).

Application of an Early Graded Rehabilitation Nursing Model in Postoperative Children With Congenital Heart Disease.

Background: The current focus of cardiac rehabilitation is on adults, with no standard nursing plan available for children with congenital heart disease. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a standardized early rehabilitation nursing model for children with congenital heart disease to promote the recovery of bodily functions and improve quality of life in this population.

Purpose: This study was designed to explore the feasibility of an early graded rehabilitation nursing model for postoperative children with congenital heart disease and evaluate its clinical effect to promote the standardization of postoperative rehabilitation nursing care.

Risk factors and a predictive model of diabetic foot in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The risk factors and prediction models for diabetic foot (DF) remain incompletely understood, with several potential factors still requiring in-depth investigations.

Aim: To identify risk factors for new-onset DF and develop a robust prediction model for hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We included 6301 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes from January 2016 to December 2021.

Synthesis and characterization of cationic modified starch grafted acrylic acid-based absorbent resin dust suppressant.

In this paper, corn starch was used as the base material, and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was used as a cationic surfactant to modify it. Subsequently, acrylic acid was then used as the primary raw material, and through the combined action of potassium persulfate and N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide, a cationic modified starch grafted acrylic-based water-absorbent resin dust suppressant (CACS) is synthesized via graft polymerization. During the preparation process, the water absorption performance is employed as the key indicator to optimize the process parameters: the degree of neutralization of acrylic acid is set at 50%, the corn starch dosage is 10 wt%, the volume ratio of CHPTA to acrylic acid is 1:20, the initiator concentration is 0.

The clathrin adaptor AP1-S1 is associated with immune infiltration and HLA loss, as a potential therapeutic target in lung adenocarcinoma.

The clathrin adaptor protein 1 (AP1) plays a pivotal role in the endocytosis of cell surface proteins and transportation between the golgi apparatus and lysosomes. Despite its critical functions, the implications of AP1 dysregulation in human cancers have yet to be elucidated. The structural analysis of AP1 subunits was conducted utilizing data from the Protein Data Bank (PDB), which is composed of four subunits: AP1-S1, AP1-B1, AP1-G1, and AP1-M1.

The effect of delirium on the association between frailty and postoperative major complications in elderly patients: a mediation analysis.

Purpose: Both preoperative frailty and postoperative delirium (POD) are associated with higher risk of postoperative complications. But it is unclear if the effect of preoperative frailty on postoperative complications was mediated by POD.

Methods: This study was a mediation analysis of a pooled database.

Synergistic Entropy Engineering with Oxygen Vacancy: Modulating Microstructure for Extraordinary Thermosensitive Property in ReNbO Materials.

The pursuit of high precision and stability simultaneously in high-temperature thermistor fields is longstanding. However, most spinel or perovskite-structured thermosensitive materials struggle to tolerate prolonged high-temperature environments at the expense of sensitivity and stability. Here, a novel entropy engineering strategy involving vacancies is proposed to balance sensitivity and stability for fergusonite-structured ReNbO (Re is a rare earth element) material in extreme environments.

Dietary arabinogalactan modulates immunity and improves gut barrier in broilers via regulating metabolome and gut microbiome.

The extraction of polysaccharides from wood by-products is recognized as a green re-utilization approach to shape a recycling-oriented society. In this research, we identified the structural properties of arabinogalactan (AG) extracted from Larix sibirica Ledeb wood chips and verified its efficacy as an additive in broiler framing. Results showed that the molecular weight of AG is 19.

Assessing the Causal Relationship Between Various Immune Cells and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Immune system modulation has been shown to have a significant impact on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used in this study to investigate the potential role of different immune cells in the development of ADHD to provide therapy and preventative alternatives.

Methods: In this study, 731 immune cells and the risk of ADHD were examined using publicly accessible genetic data and a two-sample MR analysis.

Targeting Synthesis of Diatomic Catalysts by Selective Etching and Sequential Adsorption of Metal Atom.

Diatomic catalysts featuring a tunable structure and synergetic effects hold great promise for various reactions. However, their precise construction with specific configurations and diverse metal combinations is still challenging. Here, a selective etching and metal ion adsorption strategy is proposed to accurately assign a second metal atom (M) geminal to the single atom site (M-N) for constructing diatomic sites (e.

Vitamin E Mitigates Apoptosis in Ovarian Granulosa Cells by Inhibiting Zearalenone-Induced Activation of the PERK/eIF-2α/ATF4/Chop Signaling Pathway.

A study aimed to investigate the signaling pathway of zearalenone (ZEA) leading to the apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) and explore the potential of vitamin E (VE) in alleviating ZEA-induced apoptosis of GCs. We constructed an apoptosis model for GCs based on exposure to the environmental toxin ZEA. Transcriptome analysis revealed that ZEA induced endoplasmic reticulum stress by activating the ATF4-Chop pathway.