Enzymatic hydrolysis combined with chemiluminescence immunoassay: Foresight for automated and rapid urinary aldosterone detection.

Background: The 24-hour urinary aldosterone test offers superior stability in assessing aldosterone secretion compared to single-point plasma measurements, suggesting its potential utility as a diagnostic tool for primary aldosteronism. However, its clinical utility is hampered by labor-intensive manual urine treatment and the lack of diagnostic cut-off, with the former demonstrating considerable inter-laboratory variability. There is an urgent need for an automated assay to facilitate rapid and standardized 24-hour urinary aldosterone testing, accompanied by method-specific diagnostic cut-offs.

Photochemical Degradation of PFAS: Mechanistic Insights and Design Strategies for Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Systems.

Poly/perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have emerged as contaminants of global concern due to their extreme persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. Conventional wastewater treatment technologies are ineffective for PFAS removal, prompting increasing interest in photochemical degradation as a promising alternative. Among these, homogeneous ultraviolet (UV) based systems and heterogeneous photocatalysis have attracted significant attention, while a comprehensive mechanistic discussion and comparison of these approaches remains fragmented.

Trajectory-based analysis of early mechanical ventilation PEEP levels and physiological parameter trajectories in ARDS patients and their association with the occurrence of gastrointestinal injury events.

Background: Mechanical ventilation is crucial in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but is associated with complications, including gastrointestinal injury (GI). This study investigates the association between early mechanical ventilation parameter trajectories and the occurrence of GI events in ARDS patients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using the MIMIC-IV database employed group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) to identify trajectory patterns during early mechanical ventilation in ARDS patients.

Therapeutic effect and mechanism of gigantol on hyperuricemia.

This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of gigantol on hyperuricemia (HUA) and investigate the underlying mechanism of HUA. A mouse model of HUA was made by gavage of potassium oxonate, and HK-2 and AML12 cell models were made by adenosine and xanthine oxidase (XOD) induction. We tested the levels of uric acid (UA), creatinine (CRE), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), cellular UA, and XOD activity.

Rotational Stability of Three Toric Intraocular Lens Platforms in Patients Undergoing Repositioning Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the rotational stability of three toric intraocular lens (TIOL) platforms in patients undergoing repositioning surgery.

Methods: This comparative retrospective study enrolled eyes that underwent cataract surgery and implanted with a AcrySof, AT TORBI/LISA, or TECNIS TIOL. Patients who experienced TIOL misalignment ≥10° postoperatively and underwent repositioning surgery were included.

Glioma promotes macrophage immunosuppressive phenotype through ANXA1 in a methionine metabolism-dependent manner.

In gliomas, particularly in glioblastoma (GBM), the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment is widely recognized as a significant obstacle to effective treatment, contributing to reduced survival rates and the failure of targeted therapies and chemotherapy. Methionine (Met) is an essential amino acid in human metabolism and plays a crucial role in the development of glioma. However, the role of Met metabolism in the formation of the tumor immunosuppression microenvironment remains uncertain.

Cenozoic geoclimatic changes drove the evolutionary dynamics of floristic endemism on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) harbors extraordinarily high levels of biodiversity and endemism. The region is warming at a rate twice the global average, yet the evolutionary dynamics of its unique biota are poorly understood. Here, we used the endemic land plant genera of the QTP to investigate how its floristic endemism was shaped over time by Cenozoic geoclimatic changes.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the HSP90 Gene Family in Relation to Developmental and Abiotic Stress in Ginger ( Roscoe).

Ginger ( Roscoe), valued both for its medicinal and culinary uses, can be adversely affected by abiotic stresses such as high temperature and drought, which can impact its growth and development. The HSP90 gene family has been recognized as a crucial element for enhancing heat and drought resistance in plants. Nevertheless, no studies have yet reported on the HSP90 gene family in ginger.

Highly oxygenated acorane sesquiterpenes from the marine-sourced Trichoderma harzianum CS-152.

Three new highly oxygenated acorane sesquiterpenes, namely, 9,10-epoxidicacoren-2,7,8-triol (1), 8S-acoren-2,7,8-triol (2), and 8R-acoren-2,7,8-triol (3), along with four known analogs (4-7), were isolated from the deep-sea derived fungus Trichoderma harzianum CS-152. Except for compound 7, the other compounds lack conjugation and do not exhibit fluorescence under UV light at 254 nm, which posed a challenge in their detection and required careful monitoring during separation. The isolation and purification of these compounds was achieved using traditional silica gel column chromatography.

The BBX family and their response to abiotic stress in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe).

Background: Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), a plant of considerable medicinal and culinary importance, frequently encounters adverse environmental challenges in cultivation. While BBX genes are recognized as fundamental regulators of plant growth and developmental processes, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, a comprehensive characterization of the BBX gene family in ginger has yet to be fully accomplished.

Result: This study identified 31 members of the BBX gene family in ginger, designated as ZoBBXs, and analyzed their principal characteristics.

Phosphorothioate-Modified Hairpin G-Triplex Reporter-Assisted Split CRISPR/Cas12a-Powered Biosensor for "Turn-On" Fluorescent Detection of Nucleic Acid and Non-Nucleic Acid Targets.

CRISPR/Cas12a-powered biosensors with guanine (G)-rich sequence reporters (e.g., G-quadruplex and G-triplex) are widely used in detection applications due to their simplicity and sensitivity.

Effects of Light Quality and Photoperiod on Growth, Dry Matter Production and Yield of Ginger.

We investigated the effects of light quality and photoperiod on the phenotypic characteristics, dry matter production, and yield of ginger under three light quality ratios (A1: blue light: white light = 1:4; A2: blue light: white light = 1:1; A3: pure white light) and two photoperiod conditions (B1: 12/12 h·d; B2: 16/8 h·d). The results demonstrated that blue light treatment significantly reduced plant height and the dry matter distribution ratio of stems and sheaths. In contrast, stem diameter, tiller number, leaf area, theoretical biomass (TBY), maximum accumulation rate (), average accumulation rate (), time point of maximum accumulation (), rapid growth period (DRGP), dry matter distribution ratio of leaves, roots, and rhizomes, number of rhizomes per plant, average rhizome weight, and yield all significantly increased with an increasing blue light ratio.

Dysfunctional HDL Promotes Platelet Apoptosis and Thrombosis in Familial Hypercholesterolemia.

Background: In familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) often becomes dysfunctional and enriched with lipid peroxidation products, potentially contributing to increased thrombotic risk. However, its specific effects on platelet function and thrombosis remain unclear. Whether targeting HDL oxidation can restore its protective role has yet to be determined.

Development and Validation of a Rapid Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Quantitation of Vitamin K Metabolites in Different Matrices.

Adequate vitamin K is crucial for optimal health. Although vitamin K detection methods have been established using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), some limitations remain. Therefore, we aimed to establish a stable and rapid LC-MS/MS method that can quantify phylloquinone (VK1), menaquinones-4 (MK-4), and menaquinones-7 (MK-7) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid and explore its clinical applications.

The historical connection of the Arctic and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau floras and their asynchronous diversification in response to Cenozoic climate cooling.

The Arctic and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) are two northern regions with the most extensive cold habitats on Earth and have undergone dramatic warming in recent decades. However, we know little about the historical connection between the Arctic and QTP biotas and their respective diversification processes. Here, we used Meconopsis and Oreomecon, an Arctic-QTP disjunct angiosperm genus pair with poor seed dispersal abilities, to shed light on the evolutionary connection of the Arctic and QTP floras and their respective diversification patterns.

Exploring the repository of de novo-designed bifunctional antimicrobial peptides through deep learning.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are attractive candidates to combat antibiotic resistance for their capability to target biomembranes and restrict a wide range of pathogens. It is a daunting challenge to discover novel AMPs due to their sparse distributions in a vast peptide universe, especially for peptides that demonstrate potencies for both bacterial membranes and viral envelopes. Here, we establish a de novo AMP design framework by bridging a deep generative module and a graph-encoding activity regressor.

decoction ameliorates abnormal behavior by regulating gut microbiota in rats with propionic acid-induced autism.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder, usually accompanied by gut microbiota dysregulation. Gut microbiota homeostasis is considered effective for ASD. Reportedly, decoction (DCHD) can efficiently regulate gut microbiota and inflammation.

Multiple gRNAs-assisted CRISPR/Cas12a-based portable aptasensor enabling glucometer readout for amplification-free and quantitative detection of malathion.

Background: The threat of toxic malathion residues to human health has always been a serious food safety issue. The CRISPR/Cas system represents an innovative detection technology for pesticide residues, but its application to malathion detection has not been reported yet. In addition, the multiple-guide RNA (gRNA) powered-CRISPR/Cas biosensor has the advantages of being fast, sensitive and does not require pre-amplification.

Construction of 2D CoFe-MOF derived from LDH electrocatalyst for efficient oxygen and urea evolution.

Two-dimensional metal-organic framework (2D MOF) materials have significant development prospects in the technology of urea-assisted water electrolysis for hydrogen production. However, the poor conductivity, low mass permeability, and stability have limited their development in electrocatalysis. Here, CoFe-BDC is synthesized using layered double hydroxides (LDH) as the template.

Chermesins I-N: Bioactive spiromeroterpenoids from the marine-sourced fungus Penicillium chermesinum AS-400.

Six previously undescribed spiromeroterpenoids, chermesins I-N (1-6), were isolated and identified from the marine-sourced fungus Penicillium chermesinum AS-400. Their structures were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopic data, and the relative and absolute configurations were confirmed based on nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopic experiments, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations and X-ray crystallographic analysis, and by comparisons of ECD Cotton effects with those of known congeners as well. Structurally, compound 1 represents the first example of spiromeroterpenoid demethylated at C-4.

Extreme R-CNN: Few-Shot Object Detection via Sample Synthesis and Knowledge Distillation.

Traditional object detectors require extensive instance-level annotations for training. Conversely, few-shot object detectors, which are generally fine-tuned using limited data from unknown classes, tend to show biases toward base categories and are susceptible to variations within these unknown samples. To mitigate these challenges, we introduce a Two-Stage Fine-Tuning Approach (TFA) named Extreme R-CNN, designed to operate effectively with extremely limited original samples through the integration of sample synthesis and knowledge distillation.

Comparative Chloroplast Genome Study of in China Sheds Light on Plastome Characterization and Phylogenetic Relationships.

Background: Mill., a morphologically diverse herbaceous perennial genus of Zingiberaceae, is distributed mainly in tropical to warm-temperate Asia. In China, species of have crucial medicinal, edible, and horticultural values; however, their phylogenetic relationships remain unclear.

Using first-eye early vault to determine implantable collamer lens size for the second eye: retrospective analysis of bilateral phakic intraocular lens implantation.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of first-eye vault after the implantation of implantable collamer lens (ICL) V4c in selecting ICL size for the second eye and analyze the changing characteristics of the vault.

Setting: Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China.

Design: Retrospective case series.