Phylogenomics and structural variations of plastid genomes of the columbine genus (Ranunculaceae).

Background: The columbine genus (Aquilegia) contains many species with horticultural and pharmaceutical importance. However, a well-resolved phylogeny for this genus remains lacking owing to recent and rapid radiation. We obtained plastomes of 75 Aquilegia species and six species of other genera in Thalictroideae to reconstruct a robust phylogeny for Aquilegia.

Formation of three great Asian plateaus, climate change, and biodiversity.

The Qinghai-Tibet, Iran, and Mongolia plateaus constitute the largest continuous mountain belt on Earth and harbor the world's richest temperate alpine ecosystem, but the original timing and evolutionary causes of their biodiversity are poorly understood. Here, we review the geologic and phylogenetic evidence and compare it with the formation processes of the three plateaus. We show that the formation of the three plateaus is a major driver for change in the Asian landscape and biotas.

Phylogenomic insights into incomplete lineage sorting and hybridization in early-diverging eudicots.

The rise of angiosperms has been regarded as a trigger for the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution (KTR). The well-defined clade of eudicots contains 75% of all angiosperm species. However, the order- and family-level relationships among early-diverging eudicot lineages (i.

The historical connection of the Arctic and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau floras and their asynchronous diversification in response to Cenozoic climate cooling.

The Arctic and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) are two northern regions with the most extensive cold habitats on Earth and have undergone dramatic warming in recent decades. However, we know little about the historical connection between the Arctic and QTP biotas and their respective diversification processes. Here, we used Meconopsis and Oreomecon, an Arctic-QTP disjunct angiosperm genus pair with poor seed dispersal abilities, to shed light on the evolutionary connection of the Arctic and QTP floras and their respective diversification patterns.

Repeated Evolution of Storage Root and Invasions of Alpine Biome Drove Replicated Radiations of the Megadiverse Corydalis (Papaveraceae) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

-The interplay of key innovation and ecological opportunity is commonly recognized to be the catalyst for rapid radiation. Underground storage organs (USOs), as a vital ecological trait, are advantageous for the adaptation of plants to extreme environments, but receive less attention compared to aboveground organs. Repeated evolution of various USOs has occurred across the plant tree of life.

Out of and in East Asia: phylogeny, biogeography and diversification of Thalictroideae (Ranunculaceae) in the Northern Hemisphere.

Background And Aims: Understanding the biogeographical patterns and processes underlying the distribution of diversity within the Northern Hemisphere has fascinated botanists and biogeographers for over a century. However, as a well-known centre of species diversity in the Northern Hemisphere, whether East Asia acted as a source and/or a sink of plant diversity of the Northern Hemisphere remains unclear. Here, we used Thalictroideae, a subfamily widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere with the majority of species in East Asia, to investigate the role of East Asia in shaping the biogeographical patterns of the Northern Hemisphere and to test whether East Asia acted as a museum or a cradle for herbaceous taxa.

Phylogenetic evidence clarifies the history of the extrusion of Indochina.

The southeastward extrusion of Indochina along the Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone (ARSZ) is one of two of the most prominent consequences of the India-Asia collision. This plate-scale extrusion has greatly changed Southeast Asian topography and drainage patterns and effected regional climate and biotic evolution. However, little is known about how Indochina was extruded toward the southeast over time.

Comparative plastome analysis of the sister genera Ceratocephala and Myosurus (Ranunculaceae) reveals signals of adaptive evolution to arid and aquatic environments.

Background: Expansion and contraction of inverted repeats can cause considerable variation of plastid genomes (plastomes) in angiosperms. However, little is known about whether structural variations of plastomes are associated with adaptation to or occupancy of new environments. Moreover, adaptive evolution of angiosperm plastid genes remains poorly understood.

Corrigendum: Organization, phylogenetic marker exploitation, and gene evolution in the plastome of (Ranunculaceae).

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.

The synergy of abiotic and biotic factors correlated with diversification of Fumarioideae (Papaveraceae) in the Cenozoic.

Rapid diversification of a group is often associated with exploiting an ecological opportunity and/or the evolution of a key innovation. However, how the interplay of such abiotic and biotic factors correlates with organismal diversification has been rarely documented in empirical studies, especially for organisms inhabiting drylands. Fumarioideae is the largest subfamily in Papaveraceae and is mainly distributed in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

Organization, Phylogenetic Marker Exploitation, and Gene Evolution in the Plastome of (Ranunculaceae).

is a phylogenetically and economically important genus in the family Ranunculaceae, but is also regarded as one of the most challengingly difficult in plants for resolving the taxonomical and phylogenetical relationships of constituent taxa within this genus. Here, we sequenced the complete plastid genomes of two species using Illumina sequencing technology assembly. The two plastomes exhibited circular and typical quadripartite structure that was rather conserved in overall structure and the synteny of gene order.

A dated phylogeny of Lardizabalaceae reveals an unusual long-distance dispersal across the Pacific Ocean and the rapid rise of East Asian subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests in the late Miocene.

Temperate South American-Asian disjunct distributions are the most unusual in organisms, and challenging to explain. Here, we address the origin of this unusual disjunction in Lardizabalaceae using explicit models and molecular data. The family (c.

Biogeographic diversification of (Ranunculaceae) reflects the geological history of the three great Asian plateaus.

The evolutionary history of organisms with poor dispersal abilities usually parallels geological events. Collisions of the Indian and Arabian plates with Eurasia greatly changed Asian topography and affected regional and global climates as well as biotic evolution. However, the geological evolution of Asia related to these two collisions remains debated.

Biogeographic diversification of Mahonia (Berberidaceae): Implications for the origin and evolution of East Asian subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests.

The subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests (EBLFs) inhabit large areas of East Asia and harbor rich biodiversity and high endemism. However, the origin and evolution of biodiversity of East Asian subtropical EBLFs remain poorly understood. Here, we used Mahonia (Berberidaceae), an eastern Asian-western North American disjunct evergreen genus, to obtain new insights into the historical assembly of this biome.

A multi-locus phylogeny for the Neotropical Anomospermeae (Menispermaceae): Implications for taxonomy and biogeography.

Neotropical rainforests cover about half of the world's tropical rainforests and house most of the biodiversity available on Earth. Australasia has been suggested as a potential source for Neotropical diversity. However, it remains unclear whether megathermal lineages could indeed have migrated to South America though Antarctica.

Biogeography of Coptis Salisb. (Ranunculales, Ranunculaceae, Coptidoideae), an Eastern Asian and North American genus.

Background: Numerous studies have favored dispersal (colonization) over vicariance (past fragmentation) events to explain eastern Asian-North American distribution patterns. In plants, however the disjunction between eastern Asia and western North America has been rarely examined using the integration of phylogenetic, molecular dating, and biogeographical methods. Meanwhile, the biogeographic patterns within eastern Asia remain poorly understood.

Evolutionary history of the angiosperm flora of China.

High species diversity may result from recent rapid speciation in a 'cradle' and/or the gradual accumulation and preservation of species over time in a 'museum'. China harbours nearly 10% of angiosperm species worldwide and has long been considered as both a museum, owing to the presence of many species with hypothesized ancient origins, and a cradle, as many lineages have originated as recent topographic changes and climatic shifts-such as the formation of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the development of the monsoon-provided new habitats that promoted remarkable radiation. However, no detailed phylogenetic study has addressed when and how the major components of the Chinese angiosperm flora assembled to form the present-day vegetation.

A molecular phylogeny of Dichocarpum (Ranunculaceae): Implications for eastern Asian biogeography.

East Asia is characterized by high levels of species diversity and endemism. However, the biogeographical patterns and processes underlying the distribution of biodiversity within the area are still poorly known. In this study, we used plastid (matK, trnL-F, and trnH-psbA) and nuclear (ITS) DNA sequences to investigate the historical biogeography of Dichocarpum (Ranunculaceae), an eastern Asian endemic genus throughout warm-temperate and subtropical forests of the area.

The First Comprehensive Phylogeny of Coptis (Ranunculaceae) and Its Implications for Character Evolution and Classification.

Coptis (Ranunculaceae) contains 15 species and is one of the pharmaceutically most important plant genera in eastern Asia. Understanding of the evolution of morphological characters and phylogenetic relationships within the genus is very limited. Here, we present the first comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the genus based on two plastid and one nuclear markers.