Effects of microbial infection on key gene expression in the Toll signaling pathway and immune response in Myzus persicae.

The Toll signaling pathway serves as a crucial regulatory mechanism in the insect innate immune system, playing a pivotal role in defending against pathogenic microorganisms. However, the specific functions of aphids' unique immune system and Toll signaling pathway remain poorly understood. In this study, we systematically analyzed 12 key genes associated with the Toll signaling pathway in Myzus persicae.

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ)-targeted Gel/Mg/Lip@Gigantol nanoplatform attenuates skin barrier disruption-associated aging in mice via NLRP3 suppression.

Skin aging serves as a critical indicator of systemic health decline. Despite Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ) being a key therapeutic target, mechanistic understanding remains incomplete and potent, safe activators are lacking, hindering clinical progress. This study proposes the "Barrier-Skin-Systemic Aging Axis," demonstrating that epidermal barrier disruption accelerates aging via PPARγ suppression.

Towards Floquet Chern insulators of light.

Topological photonics explores photonic systems that exhibit robustness against defects and disorder, enabled by protection from underlying topological phases. These phases are typically realized in linear optical systems and characterized by their intrinsic photonic band structures. Here we experimentally study Floquet Chern insulators in periodically driven nonlinear photonic crystals, where the topological phase is controlled by the polarization and the frequency of the driving field.

Decreasing H3K27me3 Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia/reperfusion Injury by Modulating FOXP1 Expression.

Elevated H3K27me3 levels during cerebral I/R injury exacerbate neuronal damage through oxidative stress, but the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. We hypothesized that reduced H3K27me3 confers protection by modulating FOXP1 expression. Employing multifaceted approaches, we demonstrate that H3K27me3 reduction in vivo and in vitro enhances lipid metabolism and rescues oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced mitochondrial morphological abnormalities and functional deficits.

Reduced Peak Myocardial Work Efficiency With Coronary Flow Velocity Reserve Predicts Significant Coronary Artery Stenosis in Chronic Coronary Syndrome.

Background: Identification of significant coronary artery stenosis (CAS) in patients with chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) is crucial for clinical management. Myocardial work (MW) is a new noninvasive method reflecting myocardial metabolism and has been applied in myocardial ischemia. We aimed to explore the value of global MW during vasodilator stress echocardiography in detecting significant CAS.

Cyclic Heptapeptide FZ1 Acts as an Integrin αvβ3 Agonist to Facilitate Diabetic Skin Wound Healing by Enhancing Angiogenesis.

Diabetic wound healing remains a persistent clinical challenge, necessitating the development of effective therapeutic agents and a deeper understanding of regulatory mechanisms. The cyclic heptapeptide FZ1, characterized by favorable biocompatibility, exhibited significantly greater efficacy than rh-bFGF and Cy in promoting cell proliferation and migration. In diabetic wound models, FZ1 markedly accelerated tissue regeneration and stimulated angiogenesis, as indicated by the upregulation of CD31 and α-SMA.

Leptin aggravates house dust mite-induced airway inflammation by accelerating macrophage necroptosis.

Background: Leptin is a proinflammatory adipokine asthmatic biomarker and macrophage necroptosis are previously reported to be involved in asthmatic airway inflammation. However, whether leptin worsen airway inflammation via mediating macrophage necroptosis remains elusive. We investigated the role of the leptin on regulating macrophage necroptosis in the development of asthma.

Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of Jinggang honey pomelo yellow spot disease to reveal the disease resistance mechanism.

Jinggangshan honey pomelo is a specialty fruit grown in Jiangxi Province, China. Pomelo yellow spot disease, also known as greasy spot disease, is a fungal pathology primarily affecting pomelo (Citrus maxima) leaves and fruits. The causative agent is the ascomycete fungus Phyllosticta citricarpa, taxonomically classified within the phylum Ascomycota.

Energy Dissipation Mediated by Multiple Noncovalent Interactions in Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks-Based Hydrogels for Wearable Gesture-to-Recognition Translation.

Hydrogels hold great promises in intelligent wearable gesture-to-recognition translation devices, but high mechanical robustness usually encounters low sensitivity and poor cycling stability, it is pivotal and challenging to balance energy dissipation and conductivity. Herein, the soft-hard multiphase hydrogels have been proposed for the first time through noncovalently threading polymerizable deep eutectic solvent (PDES) into hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs). Fluorine groups on HOF (HOF-F) are presented as the hydrogen bond acceptors to form multiple noncovalent interactions between HOF-F and PDES, which expedites the energy dissipation with synchronous increment of ion transport in hydrogels.

Interpretable Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Migraine Classification: Quantitative Study.

Background: Deep learning has demonstrated significant potential in advancing computer-aided diagnosis for neuropsychiatric disorders, such as migraine, enabling patient-specific diagnosis at an individual level. However, despite the superior accuracy of deep learning models, the interpretability of image classification models remains limited. Their black-box nature continues to pose a major obstacle in clinical applications, hindering biomarker discovery and personalized treatment.

The impact of perioperative hypothermia on surgical site infection risk: a meta-analysis.

Objective: The connection between perioperative hypothermia and the occurrence of surgical site infections (SSIs) is still not clearly established. This investigation aimed to clarify the potential link between these two factors using meta-analytical techniques.

Materials And Methods: This investigation examined the potential connection of perioperative hypothermia to the risk of SSI.

How anticipated positive and negative emotions influence pro-environmental behavior via environmental attitudes.

Background: Anticipated emotions are important predictors of pro-environmental behavior within the extended theory of planned behavior. However, their mechanisms need further exploration through emotion theories. This study applies Affective Events Theory (AET), a framework originally developed to explain emotional influences on behavior in workplace settings and more recently extended to the context of pro-environmental behavior, to examine how anticipated positive and negative emotions influence pro-environmental behavior, with environmental attitudes serving as a mediator.

Multi-system toxicity of lead (Pb) in Procambarus clarkii: Integrated analysis of tissue damage, immune dysfunction, oxidative stress, and microbial dysbiosis via multi-omics approaches.

The element lead (Pb) exhibits significant toxicity throughout aquatic habitats. Crustaceans sit at the top of the aquatic food chain and therefore are especially susceptible to Pb-associated toxicity. Nevertheless, there is limited information on the crustaceans exposed to Pb.

Tribological Properties of Diamond/Diamond-like Carbon (DLC) Composite Coating in a Dry Environment.

In this study, a diamond/diamond-like carbon (DLC) composite coating was designed and fabricated utilizing a combination of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and magnetron-sputtering-assisted ion beam deposition. This was designed to cope with severe problems such as high wear due to insufficient lubrication under dry sliding conditions with a single diamond. The tribological properties of the fabricated coatings under dry conditions were comparatively evaluated.

Hybridization Resulted in Shifts from Dioecy to Monoecy in Weeping Willows ( L.).

Background/objectives: In flowering plants, hybridization is an important evolutionary force that might change sex distributions and sex determination systems (SDSs). However, little is known about processes in the first hybrid generations. Here, we study a cultivated putative hybrid cross of weeping willows (genus , .

Role of Active Video Games in Blood Pressure Management Among Children and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The significant association between blood pressure (BP) in children and young adulthood and risks of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood highlights the critical need for early BP control. While lifestyle modifications such as increased physical exercise have proven effective, traditional exercise forms always suffer from low motivation and adherence. Active video games (AVGs), combining exercise with engaging gameplay, may present a promising alternative for managing BP in children and young adults.

Efficacy and Safety of Sarecycline in Chinese Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Acne Vulgaris: Randomized Phase 3 Clinical Trial with Open-Label Follow-Up.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sarecycline in Chinese patients with moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris (AV).

Methods: The 12-week (W) randomized, multicenter, double-blind (DB), placebo-controlled phase 3 trial was conducted from 29 October 2021 to 14 October 2022 at 34 centers in China, with a 36W open-label follow-up (OLFU) until 23 June 2023 for patients who responded to treatment during the DB period. Patients aged 9-45 years with AV were randomized (2:1) to sarecycline (approximately 1.

How Does the Hydroxylated Carbon Chain Length in Polyol Electrolyte Additives Influence the Stability of Zn Anode?

Zinc (Zn) anode shows great potential for aqueous zinc-ion batteries yet faces persistent issues of dendritic growth and parasitic reactions at the interface. Here, six polyol additives with different hydroxylated carbon chain lengths are systematically studied under standardized conditions as interfacial regulators for optimizing Zn plating behavior. The calculations coupled with experimental analyses reveal a critical chain-length dependence: short-chain polyols prioritize Zn migration and desolvation but insufficiently protect the interface, whereas long-chain polyols lead to excessive kinetic barriers despite effective interfacial stabilization.

Research landscape of hydroxamic acid hybrids with therapeutic potential against prostate cancer: a decade of advances.

Prostate cancer, a malignant tumor arising from the prostate gland, ranks as one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in men globally and the eighth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Hydroxamic acid derivatives, identified as outstanding histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, are a class of compounds with significant research interest in prostate cancer due to their diverse mechanisms of action, primarily involving epigenetic regulation and targeted enzyme inhibition. Recent studies highlight that incorporating diverse anti-prostate cancer pharmacophores with a hydroxamic acid moiety can potentiate their inhibitory efficacy against HDACs or endow them with multi-target HDAC inhibitory capabilities.

[Research progress in application of field effect transistor biosensors in virus detection].

Viral infections are one of the main causes of deaths and economic losses around the globe, and effective virus detection methods are essential for epidemic prevention and control. Most existing detection methods have problems such as high false negative/positive rates, slow responses, high costs, and dependence on professional equipment and personnel, which are not conducive to the rapid and accurate detection of viruses. Field effect transistor (FET) biosensors have attracted widespread attention due to their advantages of label-free detection, high sensitivity, fast responses, real-time measurement, low power consumption, and small sizes for portability.

Human hippocampal ripples align new experiences with a grid-like schema.

Humans form cognitive maps that enable inferences beyond direct experience, relying on hexagonal grid-cell-like neural codes as a schema for two-dimensional (2D) spaces. However, how new experiences align with this schema remains unknown. We recorded intracranial activity from 42 epilepsy patients while they learned rank relations among feature objects, then combined these features into compounds occupying a 2D conceptual space.

Single-dose infusion of engineered viral receptor binding domain confers rapid and durable protection against viral infection.

Developing both rapid- and long-acting antiviral drugs for single-dose administration can improve medication adherence and protect people at risk of infection. To provide proof of this concept, here, we designed multimerized form of viral receptor-binding domains (RBDs) to immediately occupy viral receptors to block infection and subsequently induce virus-specific protective immunity. We engineered SARS-CoV-2 RBD, enhancing its affinity to ACE2 and immunogenicity through multimerization and Fc modification.

Anti-photoaging activity of cod peptides: structural characterisation and clinical validation.

The role of collagen peptides in anti-photoaging has attracted considerable research attention; however, the structure-activity relationship between their specific structural characteristics and biological efficacy remains poorly defined. In this study, collagen peptides from five sources, cod skin (CP), tilapia skin (TP), cowhide (BP), pig skin (PP), and chicken bone (JP), were selected to systematically compare their anti-photoaging activities in a UVA-induced L929 cell model and to investigate the mechanisms underlying their effects through analysis of molecular weight distributions, amino acid compositions, and sequence features. The results showed that CP, TP, and BP had stronger activities in increasing cell viability, enhancing the expression of , , and HAS-1/2/3, and inhibiting ROS generation and over-activation of MMP-1/3 in UVA-damaged cells, with CP having the most significant effect.

Clinical efficacy and mechanistic insights of Xuebijing in hand, foot, and mouth disease: a meta-analysis with integrated pharmacological approaches.

Background: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a viral infection, primarily caused by gastrointestinal viruses. Xuebijing (XBJ) injection, widely used in China for treating inflammatory conditions like sepsis, may offer therapeutic benefits for HFMD. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjunctive XBJ therapy for HFMD.