Diagnostic Performance of ChatGPT-4o in Analyzing Oral Mucosal Lesions: A Comparative Study with Experts.

this pilot study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ChatGPT-4o in analyzing oral mucosal lesions from clinical images. : a total of 110 clinical images, including 100 pathological lesions and 10 healthy mucosal images, were retrieved from Google Images and analyzed by ChatGPT-4o using a standardized prompt. An expert panel of five clinicians established a reference diagnosis, categorizing lesions as benign or malignant.

Eustachian tube dysfunction in professional navy divers workers.

Background: Eustachian tube represents the anterior part of the middle ear. Its role is to maintain the pressure balance between the external and middle ear, especially in some jobs such as divers.

Objectives: This clinical study aimed to evaluate Eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction in a cohort of professional divers.

Airway Management in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Comprehensive Review of Assessment Strategies, Techniques, and Technological Advances.

: Airway management in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) presents unique challenges for anesthesiologists and other airway practitioners. This comprehensive review examines current evidence and clinical practices for managing difficult airways in this high-risk population. OSA is characterized by specific anatomical and physiological alterations that increase both the likelihood of encountering difficult intubation and the risk of rapid desaturation during airway manipulation.

Gender-Related Discriminations in European Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery: European Report.

BackgroundMicroaggressions are subtle verbal or behavioral insults (intentional or unintentional) that typically convey negative or hostile attitudes towards marginalized groups. We aim to study microaggressions and workplace culture amongst European otolaryngologist -head and neck surgeons (E-OTOHNS). The perception of "differential treatment" based on individual traits was used as a proxy for microaggressions.

Patient Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery: An International Study.

Objective: To investigate the demographic determinants of patient perception toward the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery care.

Methods: Outpatients consulting in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery departments of 18 hospitals were surveyed about the perception of the role of AI in health care. The results were analyzed according to the age, gender, patient use of technology, and the level of education.

Postoperative management of pediatric tympanostomy tubes: a Yo-IFOS consensus.

Purpose: Ventilation tube (VT) insertion is the most common surgical procedure in children, but there is known significant variation in post-operative management regimens. This Clinical Consensus Statement (CCS) aimed to establish an evidence-based framework for the follow-up management of children with VT.

Methods: Consensus was sought using a modified Delphi protocol among 23 international otolaryngologists (16 otologists and 7 pediatric otolaryngology specialists) of the IFOS (World ENT Federation).

Low-frequency pitch sensitivity and speech perception performance in adult cochlear implant users fitted with fine structure strategies.

Purpose: Cochlear implant (CI) users may perceive pitch changes via repetition rate (RP) and place-of-stimulation (PP) coding mechanisms. This study investigated whether CI users fitted with fine structure (FS) strategies can discriminate low-frequency (LF) pitch changes via RP and whether RP performers show better speech recognition than PP performers.

Methods: Thirty postlingually deafened adult CI users (15 unilateral, 15 bilateral) participated in this study.

The Global Burden of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

This study reviewed the global prevalence, health and socioeconomic impact, and management approaches of obstructive sleep apnea. The narrative review examined three key dimensions: (1) worldwide OSA prevalence across different regions, accounting for variations in diagnostic standards; (2) OSA's effects on health outcomes and socioeconomic conditions across diverse populations and healthcare systems; and (3) current global approaches to OSA diagnosis, treatment, and public health management. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, a large proportion of OSA cases remain undiagnosed or inadequately managed.

Clinical Findings, Feasibility, and Patient Tolerance of Nasopharyngeal Dx-pH System for Detecting Nasopharyngeal Reflux Disease.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility, patient tolerance, and clinical findings of the Dx-pH system for detecting nasopharyngeal reflux disease (NRD).

Methods: Patients with idiopathic and chronic nasal complaints were recruited from the European Reflux Clinic between July 2022 and July 2024. Patients underwent 24-hour nasal Dx-pH system for detecting NRD.

Trans-oral robotic surgery in the management of malignant oropharyngeal minor salivary gland tumors: A systematic review.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate trans-oral robotic surgery (TORS) in the treatment of oropharyngeal minor salivary glands (OPMSG) malignancies.

Methods: This study was performed according to the PRISMA statement. A systematic review was performed following a comprehensive electronic search in PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect databases for studies published until April 21st, 2024.

Exploring the Relationship Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Olfactory Function.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly recognized as a chronic condition that is closely interrelated to olfactory disorders, with a significant contribution to quality of health and overall quality of life. This narrative review aims to provide a thorough overview of the emerging evidence that now integrates these two previously considered distinct physiologic systems. Studies published recently have reported a significantly higher frequency of olfactory dysfunction among OSA patients compared to the general population, which raises the possibility of a causal relationship.

Can numerical modeling help us understanding hydrops in Menière's disease? A PRISMA scoping review.

BackgroundThe pathophysiology of Meniere's disease (MD) is complex and intertwined with endolymphatic hydrops. Available experimental models have limitations.ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the impact of endolymphatic hydrops on cochleovestibular hydrodynamics through numerical simulations.

Vestibular Aqueduct and Temporal Bone Radioanatomy in Patients With and Without Meniere Disease: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis With Implications for Endolymphatic Sac Surgery.

Objectives: The vestibular aqueduct (VA) exhibits significant anatomical variability. These variations and their spatial relationships with neighboring structures may pose technical challenges during endolymphatic sac surgery. We aimed to characterize the anatomical features of the VA and its relationship with surrounding structures in patients with severe Meniere disease compared to controls using high-resolution computed tomography (CT).

Microvascular Coupling in Venous Anastomoses for Head and Neck Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare venous couplers and hand-sewn techniques for venous anastomosis in head and neck reconstruction.

Data Sources: PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus, databases were searched for relevant publications. Additionally, a manual search was performed in Google Scholar and through reference lists.

ChatGPT 4.0 and algor in generating concept maps: an observational study.

Background: To evaluate the performance of two AI systems, ChatGPT 4.0 and Algor, in generating concept maps from validated otolaryngology clinical practice guidelines.

Methods: Concept maps were generated by ChatGPT 4.

The SAPIENS 3D-printed temporal bone model: a real tool for advanced otologic surgery education.

Objective: Our study focused on the development and evaluation of the SAPIENS (Specific Anatomical Printed-3D-model In Education and New Surgical Simulations) as a valid tool for otologic surgical education.

Methods: Twenty junior otolaryngologist surgeons in training were enrolled in the study. Each participant was invited to perform dissection of three different temporal bones.

The Impact of Diagnostic Imaging on Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Feedback from a Narrative Review.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by repeated episodes of partial or complete upper airway obstruction during sleep, leading to disrupted sleep and associated comorbidities. Effective, traditional diagnostic methods, such as polysomnography, have limitations in providing comprehensive anatomical detail. Recent advancements in imaging technology have the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis and management of OSA, offering detailed insights into airway anatomy, function, and dynamics.

Association between Helicobacter pylori, reflux and chronic rhinosinusitis: a systematic review.

Background: The prevalence, role, and clinical relevance of Helicobacter Pylori (HP) in sinonasal tissues of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis remain unclear.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and clinical relevance of Helicobacter Pylori (HP) in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyps (CRSSNP).

Methods: Three investigators conducted a PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library systematic review of the prevalence and clinical relevance of HP infection in CRS patients through the PRISMA framework.

Impact of Nasal Anatomical Variation Subtype on Surgical Outcomes for Rhinogenic Contact Point Headache.

Rhinogenic contact point headache (RCPH) is a controversial secondary headache disorder involving mucosal contact points in the nasal sinuses. The efficacy of surgical versus medical management has been debated, with some studies showing excellent long-term outcomes but others citing placebo effects. This study aimed to clarify the correlation with nasal anatomical variation detected by CT and RCPH treatment outcomes.

Coblator Assisted-Barbed Relocation Pharyngoplasty (Co-BRP) in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Surgical Treatment.

Barbed reposition pharyngoplasty (BRP) is a new technique to manage velo-pharyngeal obstruction and collapse in OSA patients. Tonsillectomy is a preliminary step of BRP surgery. Dissection of the PPM with monopolar or hot instruments is an essential step of the BRP technique.