Proteogenomic Analysis Identifies Clinically Relevant Subgroups of Collecting Duct Carcinoma.

Collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) is a rare but aggressive form of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) that has limited understanding and an undefined systemic therapeutic regimen. Herein, we conducted a comprehensive proteogenomic analysis of CDC tumors and normal adjacent tissues to elucidate the biology of the disease. CDC exhibited high heterogeneity in tumor mutational burden, and enhanced ribosome biogenesis was the most striking malignant feature of CDC, even compared with other common kidney carcinomas.

YY1-induced USP43 drives ferroptosis suppression by FASN stabilization and subsequent activation of SLC7A11 in ovarian cancer.

The ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) family is a major member of the deubiquitinating enzyme family that plays important and diverse roles in multiple tumors. The roles and mechanisms of action of USP family members in ovarian cancer are not well understood. This study aimed to screen all the USP family members and explored the specific function of USP43 in ovarian cancer.

Is CXCR4-targeted Ga-pentixafor PET/CT a reliable AVS-free modality for surgical decision-making and prognostic prediction in primary aldosteronism with bilateral adrenal lesions?

Background: For patients diagnosed with primary aldosteronism (PA) accompanied by bilateral adrenal lesions, identifying optimal candidates for surgical intervention remains a significant clinical challenge. Although adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is currently the gold standard for lateralizing aldosterone hypersecretion, its technical complexity, invasiveness, and interpretive difficulties restrict its widespread adoption. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical application of Ga-pentixafor positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) as a non-invasive imaging modality in AVS-free surgical decision-making for PA patients with bilateral adrenal lesions.

Long-term survival of a SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor with brain metastasis successfully treated with multimodal treatment: a case report and literature review.

Background: SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor (SMARCA4-UT) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy characterized by early distant metastasis and a poor prognosis, with a median overall survival (OS) of only 4-7 months. Traditional therapies offer limited benefit, while emerging data suggest the efficacy of combined immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and anti-angiogenic approaches. We report a case of a 52-year-old male with a heavy smoking history who presented with loss of consciousness and limb convulsions.

Integrated multi-omics profiling of immune microenvironment and drug resistance signatures for precision prognosis in prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) continues to be a significant cause of mortality among men, with treatment resistance often influenced by the complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME). This study aims to develop an immune-centric prognostic model that correlates TME dynamics, genomic instability, and the heterogeneity of drug resistance in PCa. Multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were integrated, encompassing transcriptomic profiles of 554 TCGA-PRAD samples and 329 external validation samples.

Medications for adults with type 2 diabetes: a living systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: To provide up-to-date evidence on key benefits, harms, and uncertainties regarding medications for adults with type 2 diabetes.

Design: Living systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA), using frequentist random effects and GRADE (grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation) approaches. Updates are planned at least two times a year.

Internet addiction and mental health: a cross-sectional study and mediation analysis in medical students with a psychiatric major.

Background: Internet Addiction (IA) has become a significant public health issue, particularly among medical students. However, research on IA within medical students with a psychiatric major, who receive specialized mental health training, remains limited. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of IA and its associations with mental health variables (depression, anxiety, impulsivity) and social factors among medical students with a psychiatric major, while exploring the mediating role of mental health variables in the relationship between academic year and IA.

Analysis of hepatitis B virus integration identifies KMT2B as a novel cancer-related gene in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with few well-established risk factors. Emerging epidemiological evidence suggests a link between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and PDAC. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Natural mutations in key NLS amino acids regulate nucleoplasmic shuttling and replication efficiency in PRRSV.

Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) is a mutant strain of the classic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. Epidemiological analysis revealed a natural mutation and stable inheritance of amino acid 46 (41-PGKKNKK-47 mutated to 41-PGKKNRK-47) in the nuclear localization signal or sequence (NLS) region of the N protein of HP-PRRSV. In this study, we showed that the nucleoplasmic shuttling of the HP-PRRSV N protein was associated with a higher efficiency of viral replication than that of the classical PRRSV.

Toward automatic and reliable evaluation of human gastric motility using magnetically controlled capsule endoscope and deep learning.

In this paper, we develop a combination of algorithms, including camera motion detector (CMD), deep learning models, class activation mapping (CAM), and periodical feature detector for the purpose of evaluating human gastric motility by detecting the presence of gastric peristalsis and measuring the period of gastric peristalsis. Moreover, we use visual interpretations provided by CAM to improve the sensitivity of the detection results. We evaluate the performance of detecting peristalsis and measuring period by calculating accuracy, F1, and area under curve (AUC) scores.

Deep learning empowers genomic selection of pest-resistant grapevine.

Crop pests significantly reduce crop yield and threaten global food security. Conventional pest control relies heavily on insecticides, leading to pesticide resistance and ecological concerns. However, crops and their wild relatives exhibit varied levels of pest resistance, suggesting the potential for breeding pest-resistant varieties.

Spacecraft Alarm Interface Color and Human Performance Association.

Introduction: Given the unpredictability of personnel, equipment, and the aerospace environment, the alarm interface serves as a crucial tool for providing operators with diagnostic, predictive, or guiding information to enhance aerospace safety. The specific relationship between color attributes such as hue, brightness, and saturation of interface warning colors and human stress responses remains unclear.

Methods: A simulated space station warning interface color experiment was conducted with 80 volunteers possessing normal color vision using a head-down position.

Activation of Sirt1 protects from single-walled carbon nanotubes-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting alveolar macrophage senescence.

Purpose: Expanding industrial applications of carbon nanotube (CNT) have led to the concern for the increased risk of pulmonary fibrosis. The current study investigated the role of alveolar macrophages (AMs) senescence during single-walled CNT (SWCNT)-provoked pulmonary fibrosis and the underlying mechanism.

Methods: Mice were intratracheally instilled with 40 μg SWCNT, then sacrificed on days 1, 7 and 28 post administration.

Predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response of ferroptosis-related genes in colorectal cancer.

To identify ferroptosis markers, which were associated with prognosis and immune response in colorectal cancer (CRC), we integrated spatial transcriptome, single-cell transcriptome, and bulk transcriptome data for analysis, and this multi-omics integration approach is an innovation that distinguishes this study from previous ones. We assessed the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, subject operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and Lasso analysis. A total of 135 ferroptosis-associated genes were identified, with the high-risk subgroup having significantly worse overall survival.

Advances in drug resistance and resistance mechanisms of four colorectal cancer-associated gut microbiota.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor in the gastrointestinal tract with inconspicuous early symptoms, high morbidity and mortality, and poor prognosis. Gut microbiota are present in the human intestinal system and have certain functions, which include the integrity of the epithelial barrier and the enhancement of protective immune responses. The etiology of CRC is numerous and complex, including poor lifestyle and dietary habits, and instability of the gut microbiota, which is considered to be one of the major factors in the development of CRC, includes mainly , , , and .

Ginsenoside F2-modified liposomes delivering FTY720 enhance glioblastoma targeting and antitumor activity via ferroptosis.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary intracranial tumor. Owing to its unfavorable prognosis and frequent recurrence, patient outcomes are poor even with standard treatment. Recent studies have reported that FTY720, a structurally modified sphingosine extracted from Cordyceps sinensis, has preclinical antitumor efficacy and can regulate the microenvironment of GBM.

First-in-Human Evaluation of [ 18 F]AldoView: A Highly Selective PET Tracer for Aldosterone Synthase Imaging in Primary Aldosteronism.

Objectives: Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) is overexpressed in primary aldosteronism (PA), making it a promising target for imaging. This first-in-human study evaluates the safety and feasibility of [ 18 F]AldoView, a highly selective PET tracer targeting CYP11B2, for PA subtyping.

Methods: Biodistribution and dosimetry of [ 18 F]AldoView were assessed in 3 healthy volunteers using whole-body PET/CT.

Efficacy and biomarker analysis of neoadjuvant disitamab vedotin (RC48-ADC) combined immunotherapy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A multi-center real-world study.

In this study, 102 cisplatin-ineligible patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) who received neoadjuvant RC48-ADC combined with immunotherapy were included. We evaluated the pathological responses and explored multiple clinical characteristics to identify independent predictive indicators of the efficacy. The results showed that neoadjuvant RC48-ADC combined with immunotherapy had promising efficacy.

Global trends and regional variations in PCa burden: A focus on China's rapid growth.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading malignancy among men globally, with varying incidence across regions. While high-income countries have effectively controlled PCa through early detection and treatment, middle- and low-income regions, including China, are experiencing rising incidence rates. Understanding these trends is crucial for effective prevention and management.

Experimental degradation of Ulva prolifera in sand sediments: Implications for dissolved carbon and alkalinity export from green-tide macroalgae buried in sandy intertidal zones.

The degradation of massive Ulva prolifera (U. prolifera), generated during blooms of the macroalgae (i.e.

Novel Flexible Ureteroscopic System for intrarenal pelvic and intracaliceal pressure measurement in porcine models.

This study evaluates the consistency between intrarenal pelvic pressures (IPP) and intracaliceal pressures (ICP) and explores the impacts of irrigation flow rate (IFR) and ureteral access sheath (UAS) position on ICP using a novel Flexible Ureteroscope Pressure Measurement System. Six pigs with 12 kidneys were included in this study under general anesthesia. The IPP and ICP were measured using the Flexible Ureteroscopic Pressure Measurement System under varying UAS positions and IFRs.

Study on the mechanism of Bunge oil in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease by an integrated "network pharmacology-metabolomics" strategy.

Background: Bunge oil (XSBO) has garnered significant interest from researchers due to its distinctive anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) properties. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the potential mechanisms by which XSBO may exert therapeutic effects on AD by employing a combination of network pharmacology analysis and experimental validation.

Structural and functional optimization of COF-coated stirring bars for environmental monitoring and biological sample analysis.

In this study, a series of covalent organic framework (COF)-coated stirring bars-COF-a, COF-b, and COF-c-were innovatively designed and evaluated for the efficient extraction of estrogens from complex environmental and biological samples. The most notable advancement lies in the successful application of COF-c, which exhibited exceptional adsorption capacity, thermal stability, and reusability. Unlike conventional PDMS coatings, COF-c demonstrated enhanced performance in capturing estrogens from actual meat samples, achieving high recovery rates (78.

St3gal5-mediated sialylation of glyco-CD177 on neutrophils restricts neuroinflammation following CNS injury.

Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating leukocyte population that play critical roles in neuroinflammation following central nervous system (CNS) injury. CD177, a glycoprotein on neutrophils, is emerging as an important immune regulator which can fundamentally affect multiple human inflammatory diseases. However, the role and regulatory mechanism of CD177 glycobiology of neutrophils in neuroinflammation remain elusive.