Straw humification coefficient and its relation to soil carbon and nitrogen status.

Straw return is one of the crucial practices available for enhancing soil organic carbon and nitrogen, biological activity, and nutrient availability. While the impact of straw return on soil organic carbon has been extensively studied, it remains unclear how soil organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) status contributes to straw decomposition in different climatic regions. We conducted a meta-analysis of 464 comparison data sets from 126 peer-reviewed publications to explore the decomposition characteristics of straw in different climatic regions of China.

Predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response of ferroptosis-related genes in colorectal cancer.

To identify ferroptosis markers, which were associated with prognosis and immune response in colorectal cancer (CRC), we integrated spatial transcriptome, single-cell transcriptome, and bulk transcriptome data for analysis, and this multi-omics integration approach is an innovation that distinguishes this study from previous ones. We assessed the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, subject operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and Lasso analysis. A total of 135 ferroptosis-associated genes were identified, with the high-risk subgroup having significantly worse overall survival.

Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM)-associated pancreatitis: a case report and a new treatment strategy proposed for PBM.

Background: Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) is a rare cause of recurrent pancreatitis. During the past 10 years, treatment protocols for PBM have been progressively improved and revised; however, the latest therapeutic strategies have not been comprehensively summarized in the literatures. Herein, we present a typical case of PBM-related recurrent pancreatitis which highlights the role of PBM in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis and prompts us to revisit and optimize current therapeutic strategies for PBM.

Unraveling the microbial mysteries: gut microbiota's role in ulcerative colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the colon. Recent research has highlighted the significant role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of UC. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the relationship between gut microbiota and UC.

ResNet-Vision Transformer based MRI-endoscopy fusion model for predicting treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: A multicenter study.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery has been a common practice for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, but the response rate varies among patients. This study aimed to develop a ResNet-Vision Transformer based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-endoscopy fusion model to precisely predict treatment response and provide personalized treatment.

Methods: In this multicenter study, 366 eligible patients who had undergone neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery at eight Chinese tertiary hospitals between January 2017 and June 2024 were recruited, with 2928 pretreatment colonic endoscopic images and 366 pelvic MRI images.

[Meta-analysis of Organic Carbon in Sandy Soil in Response to Amendment Application].

Proper application of soil amendments can effectively increase the accumulation of soil organic carbon （SOC） in poor soils, thereby enhancing soil fertility level. The impacts of different types of amendments on the SOC content of sandy soils varies widely. Investigating the effects of various amendments on the SOC content of sandy soils and associated key controlling factors provides a scientific basis for formulating strategies to enhance the fertility of sandy soils.

Changes in soil inorganic carbon following vegetation restoration in the cropland on the Loess Plateau in China: A meta-analysis.

Vegetation restoration in the cropland has been widely implemented to protect the ecological environment of the Loess Plateau, China. However, a quantitative and comprehensive understanding of the changes in soil inorganic carbon (SIC) after vegetation restoration is lacking. Based on 637 pieces of data from 35 studies on the Loess Plateau, we performed a meta-analysis to quantify the variations in SIC after vegetation restoration in the cropland and analyze the influences of environment factors on the variations in SIC.

Fasting-Mimicking Diet Prevents Pancreatic Carcinogenesis via Gut Microbiota and Metabolites.

The incidence of pancreatic cancer has been increasing globally in recent years and dietary is a well-defined factor contributing to its carcinogenesis. In this study, we showed that in a cerulein-induced KC (Pdx1-cre; LSL-Kras G12D/+) mouse model, a fasting-mimicking diet (FMD)─comprising fasting for 3 days followed by 4 days of refeeding, repeated over three 1-week cycles─significantly retards the progression of pancreatic carcinogenesis. FMD treatment altered gut microbiota, notably boosting butyrate-producing bacteria and elevating butyric acid levels in pancreatic tissues.

Response of maize yield and nitrogen recovery efficiency to nitrogen fertilizer application in field with various soil fertility.

Appropriate nitrogen (N) management system is essential for effective crop productivity and minimizing agricultural pollution. However, the underlying mechanistic understanding of how N fertilizer regulates crop yield via soil properties in soils with different fertilities remains unresolved. Here, we used a field experiment that spanned 3 cropping seasons to evaluate the grain yield (GY), aboveground biomass and N recovery efficiency (NRE) after treatment with five N fertilizer application rates (N0, N75, N112, N150, and N187) in soils with three levels of fertility.

Rapid and convenient synthesis of "green" ammonium-modified chitosan composite sponge with the existence of ascorbic acid for highly efficient removal of Congo red (CR).

In this study, a new green composite sponge made of chitosan and modified with ammonium ascorbate (ACS-CIT) was synthesized in just 10 min. Compared with CS-CIT (sponge prepared from acetic acid), ACS-CIT exhibits significantly enhanced adsorption performance for CR, with the saturated adsorption capacities increased from 353.667 to 1261.

Development and validation of multiparametric models based on computed tomography enterography to determine endoscopic activity and surgical risk in patients with Crohn's disease: A multi-center study.

Objective: To develop novel multiparametric models based on computed tomography enterography (CTE) scores to identify endoscopic activity and surgical risk in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: We analyzed 171 patients from 3 hospitals. Correlations between CTE outcomes and endoscopic scores were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation analysis.

Cytomegalovirus Pneumonia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Literature Review and Clinical Recommendations.

Aim: The objective was to elucidate the correlation between CMVP and immunosuppressive therapy in IBD patients, we hope this review could expand on the significance of CMV as an opportunistic pathogen and the potential impact on morbidity and mortality in IBD patients.

Methods: Records and clinical trajectories linked to CMVP in IBD patients were extracted from the PubMed database, irrespective of language barriers. The reference lists incorporated in these studies were manually inspected.

Body Composition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with body composition changes, which are associated with clinical prognosis, response to therapy, and quality of life in IBD patients. Therefore, it is critical to review the body composition distribution in IBD, summarize the potential factors affecting body composition distribution, and take steps to improve the body composition distribution of IBD patients as early as possible. In the current review, we searched PubMed via keywords 'inflammatory bowel disease', or 'IBD', or 'Crohn's disease', or 'CD', or 'ulcerative colitis', or 'UC', and 'body composition'.

Titin as a potential novel therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is identified as a primary cause of death around the world. The current chemotherapies are not cost-effective. Therefore, finding novel potential therapeutic target is urgent.

Purification, Identification and Molecular Docking of Immunomodulatory Peptides from the Heads of .

In order to realize the high-value utilization of () heads, immunomodulatory peptides were prepared from the enzymatic hydrolysate of heads, and the action mechanism of immunomodulatory peptides was determined by molecular docking. The results showed that six proteases were used to hydrolyze head proteins, with the animal protease hydrolysate exhibiting the highest macrophage relative proliferation rate (MRPR). The enzymatic products were then sequentially purified by ultrafiltration, Sephadex G-15 gel chromatography, identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and finally selected for six immunomodulatory peptides (PSPFPYFT, SAGFPEGF, GPQGPPGH, QGF, PGMR, and WQR).

Effect of replacing synthetic nitrogen fertilizer with animal manure on grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in China: a meta-analysis.

To reduce reliance on synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer and sustain food production, replacing synthetic N fertilizer with animal manure as an effective method is widely used. However, the effects of replacing synthetic N fertilizer with animal manure on crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) remain uncertain under varying fertilization management practices, climate conditions, and soil properties. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of wheat ( L.

Alginate oligosaccharide alleviates aging-related intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction by blocking FGF1-mediated TLR4/NF-κB p65 pathway.

Background: Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) has been reported to exert a crucial role in maintaining the intestinal mucosal barrier (IMB) function. The current study aimed at ascertaining the protective effects of AOS on aging-induced IMB dysfunction and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: An aging mouse model and a senescent NCM460 cell model were established using d-galactose.

Achieving high yield and nitrogen agronomic efficiency by coupling wheat varieties with soil fertility.

Wheat breeding has progressively increased yield potential through decades of selection, markedly increased the capacity for food production. Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is essential for wheat production and N agronomic efficiency (NAE) is commonly index used for evaluate the effects of N fertilizer on crop yield, calculated as the difference of wheat yield between N fertilizer treatment and non-N fertilizer treatment divided by the total N application rate. However, the impact of variety on NAE and its interaction with soil fertility remain unknown.

The Novel LncRNA WASH5P Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Carcinogenesis Targeting AKT Signaling Pathway.

Emerging evidence has shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis, so more specific mechanisms of key lncRNAs in CRC initiation and development are needed. Here, we evaluated the expression profiles of lncRNAs in CRC tissues and identified a novel lncRNA generated from the pseudogene Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) family homolog 5, termed lncRNA WASH5P. However, the role and potential molecular mechanism of this novel lncRNA in diseases, including CRC carcinogenesis, is unknown.

Status of Gene Methylation and Polymorphism in Different Courses of Ulcerative Colitis and Their Comparison with Sporadic Colorectal Cancer.

Background: The objective of this study is to explore the common genetic and epigenetic mechanism of ulcerative colitis (UC) and sporadic colorectal cancer (SCRC) by observing genes methylation level and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of different disease courses in UC and SCRC.

Methods: Two hundred subjects were enrolled, including 40 in the healthy control (HC) group, 50 in the short disease course UC group (SUC), 52 in the long disease course UC group (LUC), and 58 in the SCRC group. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the methylation of MINT1 and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) gene.