Clinical practice guidelines for rituximab treatment in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.

Background: Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome is a prevalent glomerular disease in children. The 2021 guidelines for glomerular disease management by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes and the 2023 recommendations for steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome management by International Pediatric Nephrology Association recommend rituximab for frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome and steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome in children. However, there is considerable variation in rituximab application, including administration timing, dose, frequency, concomitant medications, and follow-up schedules.

Baihe Dihuang Danshen Decoction Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Depression-Induced Rats by Inhibiting Ferroptosis.

Introduction: The comorbidity of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) and depression (DEP) may worsen the prognosis of coronary heart disease surgery. Currently, research on medications and therapeutic mechanisms for MIRI combined with DEP is still insufficient. This study aims to explore the relationship between DEP and MIRI, and the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Baihe Dihuang Danshen decoction (BDDSD) on DEP combined with MIRI.

Two brothers presented with rare clinical characteristics with a novel LAGE3 variant: a case report and literature review.

Background: Variants in the LAGE3 gene can lead to Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS), a rare genetic disease. Currently, there have been a total of 6 reported cases worldwide, all occurring in children under the age of 3 years old. The main features of LAGE3 variants include early-onset nephrotic syndrome, microcephaly, developmental delay, and neurological abnormalities, with a poor prognosis.

Tacrolimus or Mycophenolate Mofetil for Frequently Relapsing or Steroid-Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Both tacrolimus (TAC) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) are recommended for children with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (FRNS) or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS). However, their comparative effectiveness and safety have not been evaluated through randomized clinical trials.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness and safety of TAC and MMF in children with FRNS or SDNS.

Pediatric Immunodeficiency Caused by Complement Classical and Alternative Pathway Defects Due to a Homozygous CFI Variant: A Case Report.

Complement factor I (CFI) deficiency is a rare primary immunodeficiency that disrupts the classical and alternative complement pathways, potentially causing severe recurrent infections and autoimmune manifestations in pediatric patients. However, the coexistence of both pathways in a pediatric patient is extremely uncommon. We report a seven-year-old patient with a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder who presented with recurrent middle ear infections, paronychia, gastrointestinal infections, and respiratory infections.

Comparative Structure Activity Relationship Characterization of the Biosimilar BAT1806/BIIB800 to Reference Tocilizumab.

Background: BAT1806/BIIB800 (Tofidence™/tocilizumab-bavi), a biosimilar of tocilizumab, demonstrated a high degree of analytical and functional similarity to reference tocilizumab (TCZ) in a comprehensive comparative analytical assessment. Minor differences with respect to TCZ were observed for some attributes and this study assessed the potential impact of these differences through structure activity relationship characterization.

Methods: Structure activity relationship studies were conducted to assess glycation, glycosylation, charge variants, hydrophobicity, oxidation, and deamidation differences, using a range of investigative techniques.

The transcription factors AdNAC3 and AdMYB19 regulate kiwifruit ripening through brassinosteroid and ethylene signaling networks.

The pivotal role of ethylene (ETH) in fruit ripening has been extensively studied; however, the function of brassinosteroids (BRs) in regulating fruit ripening remains poorly understood. Specifically, the mechanism by which BRs interact with ETH to affect kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) ripening is unclear. Our research showed that 2 genes encoding transcription factors, AdNAC3 and AdMYB19, and the fruit softening gene AdEXP3 (encoding a cell wall expansion protein, expansin 3) were upregulated by ETH and downregulated by BRs.

Developmental and neurotoxic effects of dimethyl phthalate on zebrafish embryos and larvae.

Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) has been extensively utilized as a plasticizer on a global scale for many years. Its presence in the environment and its harmful effects on living organisms have raised concerns. This study aimed to examine its potential developmental neurotoxicity by utilizing zebrafish as a model.

Folic acid mitigates the developmental and neurotoxic effects of bisphenol A in zebrafish by inhibiting the oxidative stress/JNK signaling pathway.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widespread environmental endocrine disruptor (EED) that can cause various environmental and health issues by inducing oxidative stress. The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in oxidative stress-mediated cellular damage. Although folic acid (FA) has demonstrated antioxidant properties, its potential protective effects against BPA-induced developmental and neurotoxicity, as well as the mechanisms involved in the JNK signaling pathway, are still not completely understood.

Chrysomycins, Anti-Tuberculosis C-Glycoside Polyketides from sp. MS751.

A new dimeric C-glycoside polyketide chrysomycin F (), along with four new monomeric compounds, chrysomycins G (), H (), I (), J (), as well as three known analogues, chrysomycins A (), B (), and C (), were isolated and characterised from a strain of sp. obtained from a sediment sample collected from the South China Sea. Their structures were determined by detailed spectroscopic analysis.

[Expansion of the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum and treatment of four children with Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome due to variants of TRPC6 gene].

Objective: To summarize the clinical and genetic characteristics, treatment and prognosis of four children with Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) due to variants of TRPC6 gene.

Methods: Clinical data of four children with SRNS admitted to Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University between May 2020 and August 2022 were collected. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the children and their parents, and whole exome sequencing was carried out.

Primary and Secondary Bystander Effects of Proton Microbeam Irradiation on Human Lung Cancer Cells under Hypoxic Conditions.

Tumor hypoxia is the most common feature of radioresistance to the radiotherapy (RT) of lung cancer and results in poor clinical outcomes. High-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation is a novel RT technique to overcome this problem. However, a limited number of studies have been elucidated on the underlying mechanism(s) of RIBE and RISBE in cancer cells exposed to high-LET radiation under hypoxia.

Janus kinase inhibitor, tofacitinib, in refractory juvenile dermatomyositis: a retrospective multi-central study in China.

Objectives: Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a chronic autoimmune disease. Some patients remain in an active state even though they were administrated with a combination of corticosteroid and methotrexate. Existing research has suggested that interferon and Janus kinase played an important role in pathogenesis.

The impact of DNA double-strand break repair pathways throughout the carbon ion spread-out Bragg peak beam.

Following carbon ion beam irradiation in mammalian cells, such as used in carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT), it has been suggested that the balance between whether nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR) is utilized depends on the DNA double-strand break (DSB) complexity. Here, we quantified DSB distribution and identified the importance of each DSB repair pathway at increasing depths within the carbon ion spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) beam range. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines were irradiated in a single biological system capable of incorporating the full carbon ion SOBP beam range.

BAT6026, a novel anti-OX40 antibody with enhanced antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity effect for cancer immunotherapy.

OX40 (CD134), a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, is a widely studied costimulatory immune checkpoint. Several OX40 agonistic antibodies are in the clinical stage for cancer treatment, among which PF-04518600 is the leader and currently in phase II trial. It has been recognized that one potential mode of action for anti-OX40 antibodies is the deletion of intratumoral Tregs.

[ genotypes and clinical characteristics of children with Alport syndrome].

Objectives: To investigate the genotypes of the pathogenic gene and the characteristics of clinical phenotypes in children with Alport syndrome (AS).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the genetic testing results and clinical data of 19 AS children with gene mutations.

Results: Among the 19 children with AS caused by gene mutations, 1 (5%) carried a new mutation of the gene, i.

Transcriptome and Metabolomics Integrated Analysis Reveals Associated with Esters Biosynthesis in Apple ( × ).

Volatile esters are major aromas contributing to the organoleptic quality of apple fruit. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of volatile ester biosynthesis in apple remain elusive. This study investigated the volatile profiles and transcriptomes of 'Qinguan' (QG) apple fruit during development and/or postharvest storage.