A unified cell atlas of vascular plants reveals cell-type foundational genes and accelerates gene discovery.

The pace of gene discovery in plants has slowed as forward genetic screens reach saturation. To address this, we built a unified single-cell atlas of shoot apices from six vascular plant species spanning major evolutionary groups. This cross-species resource allowed us to identify a core set of cell-type foundational genes linked to key tissues such as the epidermis, xylem, and phloem, streamlining gene discovery with greater accuracy.

Odorant-Binding Protein 33 Mediates Detection of the Host-Associated Compounds in Larvae.

Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are integral components of the insect olfactory system, assisting in the recognition of volatile chemical signals; their host recognition function makes them potential targets for the development of novel attractants. In this study, we identified OBP33 () as being highly expressed in larval antennae, suggesting a potential role in olfactory perception. Through fluorescence binding assays and molecular docking, we identified four critical residues in for ligand interaction.

Synergistic Anticancer Activity of HSP70 Inhibitor and Doxorubicin in Gain-of-Function Mutated p53 Breast Cancer Cells.

: The mutation rate of p53 in breast cancer is around 20%. Specific p53 mutations exhibit prion-like abnormal misfolding and aggregation and gain oncogenic function, causing resistance to the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin. In this study, we identified key upstream regulatory molecules that inhibit the aggregation of p53 with the aim of increasing the anticancer effect of doxorubicin.

Proteins derived from Bombyx batryticatus utilizing variable ultrasound powers: Evaluation of structural attributes, functional characteristics, and antioxidant capacities.

The current investigation evaluated the impact of diverse ultrasound power levels (0, 120, 200, 320, 400, and 520 W) on the structural, functional, and antioxidant potentials of proteins derived from Bombyx batryticatus (PBB). Findings indicated a marked increase in the yield of PBB via ultrasonic treatment at the appropriate ultrasound power (UP), accompanied by a diminished β-sheet content and an augmented proportion of α-helix and β-turn conformations. Furthermore, ultrasound extraction (UAE) at the appropriate UP broke down PBB into small and evenly dispersed fragments, and it also reshaped disordered PBB aggregates into a more regular, dispersed, and ordered arrangement.

The tolerance mechanism of diarrhetic shellfish toxins mediated by the extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) pathway in the mussel Perna viridis.

Diarrheic shellfish toxins (DSTs) are a class of lipophilic algal toxins that accumulate excessively in bivalves following harmful algal blooms. Bivalves exhibit tolerance to DSTs, which make people ignore or underestimate the risk of DSTs, leading to the occurrence of seafood poisoning incidents. However, the tolerance mechanism remains unclear in bivalves.

Responses of nuclear receptor HR96 to the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima in Crassostrea ariakensis.

Diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) are widely distributed and the most common algal toxins and their metabolic detoxification mechanism in shellfish remains poorly understood. Nuclear receptors are pivotal in regulating the detoxification of xenobiotics across various species. In this study, we identified the homologous sequence HR96 of the PXR/VDR/CAR nuclear receptor gene in Crassostrea ariakensis, and found that it may play an important role in resistance to DSTs.

Utilizing ultrasound for the extraction of polysaccharides from the tuber of Typhonium giganteum Engl.: Extraction conditions, structural characterization and bioactivities.

Polysaccharides from the dried tuber of Typhonium giganteum Engl. (TGEPs) were obtained by utilizing ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) as the extraction method. The determination of optimal process parameters for the UAE of TGEPs (TGEP-U) was accomplished through the application of response surface methodology (RSM).

Microplastics-exposure experience aggravates the accumulation of diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) in thick-shell mussel Mytilus coruscus through impairing detoxification processes.

Possessing sessile filter-feeding lifestyle, bivalves are more susceptible to contamination by benthic phycotoxins such as the diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs). Due to the prevalence of microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments, bivalve that experienced MP-exposure are potentially at higher risk from exposure to DSTs-producing microalgae, however, little is known about the impacts of past MP-exposure experience on the accumulation of DSTs. In this study, taking polystyrene (PS) MPs and DSTs-producing Prorocentrum lima as representatives, the impacts of MP-exposure on DSTs accumulation were evaluated in the thick-shell mussel Mytilus coruscus.

Mirids secrete a TOPLESS targeting protein to enhance JA-mediated defense and gossypol accumulation for antagonizing cotton bollworms on cotton plants.

Most coexisting insect species exhibit stunted growth compared to individual species on plants. This phenomenon reflects an interspecific antagonism drawing extensive attention, while the underlying mechanisms remain largely uncharacterized. Mirids (Apolygus lucorum) and cotton bollworms (Helicoverpa armigera) are two common cotton pests.

Candidate for a Passively Protected Quantum Memory in Two Dimensions.

An interesting problem in the field of quantum error correction involves finding a physical system that hosts a "passively protected quantum memory," defined as an encoded qubit coupled to an environment that naturally wants to correct errors. To date, a quantum memory stable against finite-temperature effects is known only in four spatial dimensions or higher. Here, we take a different approach to realize a stable quantum memory by relying on a driven-dissipative environment.

Physiological and genetic responses of the benthic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima to polystyrene microplastics.

Microplastics are well known as contaminants in marine environments. With the development of biofilms, most microplastics will eventually sink and deposit in benthic environment. However, little research has been done on benthic toxic dinoflagellates, and the effects of microplastics on benthic dinoflagellates are unknown.

Female Reproductive Factors, Exogenous Hormone use, and Incident Chronic Kidney Disease and end-stage Renal Disease.

Context: Younger women have a slower progressive loss of kidney function than age-matched men and the sex advantage diminishes after menopause, suggesting a role for female hormones in the development of kidney diseases.

Objective: To examine the relationships of numerous reproductive factors and exogenous hormone use with long-term risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in women.

Methods: A total of 260 108 women without prevalent CKD and ESRD were included.

Interpersonal Sensitivity and Subjective Well-Being of Migrant Workers' Accompanying Children: Role of Perception of Exclusion and Peer Support.

Introduction: To investigate the impact of interpersonal sensitivity on the subjective well-being of accompanying children of migrant workers and the role of perception of exclusion and peer support in the process.

Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 304 migrant workers' accompanying children and 501 urban children in grades 4-9 in seven schools in Jiangxi Province, China. Hierarchical regression and bootstrap analysis were used.

Interposition of acellular amniotic membrane at the tendon to bone interface would be better for healing than overlaying above the tendon to bone junction in the repair of rotator cuff injury.

Purpose: The retear rate of rotator cuff (RC) after surgery is high, and the rapid and functional enthesis regeneration remains a challenge. Whether acellular amniotic membrane (AAM) helps to promote the healing of tendon to bone and which treatment is better are both unclear. The study aims to investigate the effect of AAM on the healing of RC and the best treatment for RC repair.

In vivo absorption, in vitro simulated digestion and fecal fermentation properties of polysaccharides from Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum Cum Alumine and their effects on human gut microbiota.

Polysaccharides from Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum Cum Alumine (PPA) have various biological activities, but their properties after oral administration are not clear. In this study, the absorption, digestion and fermentation properties of PPA were studied using in vivo fluorescence tracking, in vitro simulated digestion and fecal fermentation experiments. The absorption experiment showed that fluorescence was only observed in the gastrointestinal system, indicating that PPA could not be absorbed.

Exposure to microplastics renders immunity of the thick-shell mussel more vulnerable to diarrhetic shellfish toxin-producing harmful algae.

Despite both microplastics (MPs) and harmful algae blooms (HABs) may pose a severe threat to the immunity of marine bivalves, the toxification mechanism underlying is far from being fully understood. In addition, owing to the prevalence and sudden occurrence characteristics of MPs and HABs, respectively, bivalves with MP-exposure experience may face acute challenge of harmful algae under realistic scenarios. However, little is known about the impacts and underlying mechanisms of MP-exposure experience on the susceptibility of immunity to HABs in bivalve mollusks.

Correction: Chen et al. Multifunctional Injectable Hydrogel Loaded with Cerium-Containing Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles for Diabetic Wound Healing. 2021, , 702.

The authors would like to replace Figure 4A of the following published paper [...

Microvascular burden and long-term risk of stroke and dementia in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To examine the associations between microvascular disease (MVD) and risk of stroke, dementia, and their major subtypes among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: We included 26,173 participants with T2DM from the UK Biobank who had no known stroke or dementia at baseline. MVD burden was reflected by the presence of retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and chronic kidney disease.

A multifunctional biomimetic nanoplatform for image-guideded photothermal-ferroptotic synergistic osteosarcoma therapy.

Much effort has been devoted to improving treatment efficiency for osteosarcoma (OS). However, most current approaches result in poor therapeutic responses, thus indicating the need for the development of other therapeutic options. This study developed a multifunctional nanoparticle, PDA-MOF-E-M, an aggregation of OS targeting, programmed death targeting, and near-infrared (NIR)-aided targeting.

Microvascular Disease, Cardiovascular Health, and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Type 2 Diabetes: A UK Biobank Study.

Context: The interplay between cardiovascular health metrics (CVHMs) and microvascular disease (MVD) in relation to the risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD) among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains to be evaluated.

Objective: To investigate the role of MVD and CVHMs in the development of CHD among T2DM.

Design: We included 19 664 participants with T2DM from the UK Biobank who had CVHM data and were free of CHD during recruitment.

Corrigendum to "Crystal structure of RNA helicase from Saint Louis encephalitis virus and discovery of its inhibitors" [Genes Dis 10 (2023) 389-392].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.

The great potential of polysaccharides from natural resources in the treatment of asthma: A review.

Despite significant progress in diagnosis and treatment, asthma remains a serious public health challenge. The conventional therapeutic drugs for asthma often have side effects and unsatisfactory clinical efficacy. Therefore, it is very urgent to develop new drugs to overcome the shortcomings of conventional drugs.

Association of phthalate exposure with all-cause mortality across renal function status: The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2018.

Background: Wide phthalate exposure has been associated with both declines in renal function and an elevated risk of mortality. Whether phthalate-associated risk of premature mortality differs by renal function status remains unclear.

Methods: This study included 9605 adults from the U.