Acute kidney injury: pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent clinical condition that is associated with unacceptably high morbidity and mortality, as well as the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The pathogenesis of AKI is highly complex and heterogeneous, primarily attributed to metabolic disturbances arising from the disease itself and the administration of medications related to treatment. In recent years, AKI in cancer patients is highly concerned.

Prognostic value of nutritional risk assessment indices in patients with digestive system tumors.

Background: Nutritional risk assessment indices impact disease prognosis, yet their prognostic roles in preoperative digestive system tumor (DST) patients remain unclear.

Methods: In this study, the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, the Nutritional Risk Index (NRI) and the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) before surgery were applied to 17, 338 patients with 10 kinds of newly diagnosed DSTs. The distribution of nutritional risk and its correlation with mortality were examined in this study through the utilization of three nutritional risk assessment indices.

Integrated Transcriptomic, Proteomic, and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal Mechanisms Underlying Day-Night Differences in Carbohydrate Metabolism between Diploid and Tetraploid Rice.

Polyploidy plays a crucial role in plant evolution, as polyploid plants possess larger genomes compared to their diploid counterparts. This genomic expansion leads to changes in gene redundancy and interactions, which alter the physiological metabolism of polyploids. Carbohydrate metabolism is a crucial energy metabolism pathway in plants, significantly impacting plant growth and development.

Ultralong afterglow enabled by energy relay from room-temperature phosphorescent matrixes to local dipoles.

Long-persistent afterglows based on organic donor-acceptor systems feature ultra-long duration reaching hours, leading to the advantages in long-time-range display and bio/medical applications. However, the understanding of this optical phenomenon is insufficient. Herein, dibenzothiophene-phosphine oxide hybrids named nDBTxPO with different room temperature phosphorescence characteristics are used as acceptor matrixes.

Cardiopulmonary complications in cancer: from tumour pathogenesis to treatment-induced toxicity and clinical management.

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of cardiopulmonary events associated with the occurrence, development, and treatment of tumours, serving as a valuable resource for the clinical management of cancer patients. It explores the complex relationship between the heart and lungs, collectively discussing the cardiopulmonary implications linked to tumours. Common risk factors that connect tumours with cardiac and pulmonary conditions are delineated, highlighting their direct and indirect correlations.

Predictive Value of Serum sIL-2R Levels and Th17/Treg Immune Balance for Disease Progression in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease.

Background: This article analyzed the relationship between serum sIL-2R levels and Th17/Treg immune balance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) and their prognostic value.

Methods: RA patients (n = 311) were retrospectively selected for research and then allocated to the RA and RA-ILD groups. Baseline data and 3-year follow-up records of all patients were attained to assess disease progression.

Altered reactive oxygen species scavenging and hormonal signaling in tetraploid rice are associated with blast resistance.

Autotetraploid rice shows distinct morphological, physiological, hormonal, and gene expression changes that enhance its resistance to rice blast.

The Neuroprotective and Anxiolytic Effects of Magnesium Sulfate on Retinal Dopaminergic Neurons in 6-OHDA-Induced Parkinsonian Rats: A Pilot Study.

This study investigates the protective effects of magnesium sulfate on dopamine neurons in the retinas of rats with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced Parkinson's disease (PD). Rapidly progressing cognitive decline often precedes or coincides with the motor symptoms associated with PD. PD patients also frequently exhibit visual function abnormalities.

The interplay between persistent pathogen infections with tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy in cancer.

Background: Chronic infections by pathogenic microorganisms play a significant role in cancer development, disrupting the body's immune system and microenvironment. This interference impairs the body's ability to eliminate these microorganisms promptly, allowing them to persist by evading immune defenses.

Aims: This study aimed to explore how chronic pathogenic infections influence the immune microenvironment, impacting tumorigenesis, cancer progression, and treatment strategies.

Punica granatum L. polysaccharides: A review on extraction, structural characteristics and bioactivities.

Punica granatum L., commonly known as pomegranate, is native to Afghanistan and Iran, and today widely cultivated all over the world. Pomegranate polysaccharides are one of the most important bioactive components of P.

Effects of feeding patterns during the first 6 months on weight development of infants ages 0-12 months: a longitudinal study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding patterns during the first 6 months on weight development of infants ages 0-12 months. Using monitoring data from the Maternal and Child Health Project conducted by the National Center for Women and Children's Health of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from September 2015 to June 2019, we categorized feeding patterns during the first 6 months as exclusive breastfeeding, formula feeding, or mixed feeding. We calculated weight-for-age Z scores (WAZ) according to the World Health Organization's (WHO) 2006 Child Growth Standard using WHO Anthro version 3.

Fructose@histone synergistically improve the performance of DNA-templated Cu NPs: rapid analysis of LAM in tuberculosis urine samples using a handheld fluorometer and a smartphone RGB camera.

This study presented a nanoparticle-enhanced aptamer-recognizing homogeneous detection system combined with a portable instrument (NASPI) to quantify lipoarabinomannan (LAM). This system leveraged the high binding affinity of aptamers, the high sensitivity of nanoparticle cascade amplification, and the stabilization effect of dual stabilizers (fructose and histone), and used probe-Cu to achieve LAM detection at concentrations ranging from 10 ag mL to 100 fg mL, with a limit of detection of 3 ag mL using a fluorometer. It can also be detected using an independently developed handheld fluorometer or the red-green-blue (RGB) camera of a smartphone, with a minimum detection concentration of 10 ag mL.

S100A6 mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition affects chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer to oxaliplatin.

Purpose: To investigate the mechanism by which S100 calcium-binding protein A6 (S100A6) affects colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to oxaliplatin (L-OHP) chemotherapy, and to explore new strategies for CRC treatment.

Methods: S100A6 expression was assessed in both parental and L-OHP-resistant CRC cells using western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Lentiviral vectors were utilized to induce the knockdown of S100A6 expression, followed by comprehensive evaluations of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

N-methyladenosine levels in peripheral blood RNA: a potential diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer.

Background: N-methyladenosine (mA) is dysregulated in various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Herein, we assess the diagnostic potential of peripheral blood (PB) mA levels in CRC.

Methods: We collected PB from healthy controls (HCs) and patients with CRC, analyzed PB RNA mA levels and the expression of mA-related demethylase genes FTO and ALKBH5, cocultured CRC cells with PB mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and constructed an MC38 cancer model.

Therapeutic efficacy of optimal pulse technology in the treatment of .

Introduction: To evaluate the efficacy of optimized pulse technology in treating chalazia.

Methods: Prospective before-after study. All patients received two sessions of optimal pulse technology (OPT) with an interval of 1 week.

A Comparative Analysis of Major Cell Wall Components and Associated Gene Expression in Autotetraploid and Its Donor Diploid Rice ( L.) under Blast and Salt Stress Conditions.

Whole-genome duplication is a significant evolutionary mechanism in plants, with polyploid plants often displaying larger organs and enhanced adaptability to unfavorable conditions compared to their diploid counterparts. The cell wall acts as a primary defense for plant cells against external stresses, playing an essential role in the plant's resistance to various stressors. In this study, we utilized both autotetraploid and its donor diploid rice ( L.

Transcriptome-Wide Analysis of Core Transcription Factors Associated with Defense Responses in Autotetraploid versus Diploid Rice under Saline Stress and Recovery.

Saline stress is a major abiotic stress that inhibits plant growth and yields worldwide. The plant transcription factor (TF) family plays an important role in converting abiotic stress signals into gene expression changes. In this study, a transcriptome-based comparative analysis was performed to investigate the global gene expression of all the TFs in diploid and autotetraploid rice during the early stage of NaCl stress and recovery period.

Exosomal miR-155-5p drives widespread macrophage M1 polarization in hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced acute lung injury via the MSK1/p38-MAPK axis.

Background: Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) infection-induced sepsis-associated acute lung injury (ALI) has emerged as a significant clinical challenge. Increasing evidence suggests that activated inflammatory macrophages contribute to tissue damage in sepsis. However, the underlying causes of widespread macrophage activation remain unclear.

Boronotyrosine, a Borylated Amino Acid Mimetic with Enhanced Solubility, Tumor Boron Delivery, and Retention for the Re-emerging Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Field.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a re-emerging binary cellular level cancer intervention that occurs through the interaction of a cancer-specific boron (B) drug and neutrons. We created a new B drug, 3-borono-l-tyrosine (BTS), that improves on the characteristics of the main historical BNCT drug 4-borono-l-phenylalanine (BPA). BTS has up to 4 times greater uptake in vitro than BPA and increased cellular retention.