Probing MnO Cycling Stability in Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries using Chemical Strain Analysis.

The mechanical degradation of cathodes during charge-discharge cycling poses a critical limitation to the cycle life of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). Although the degradation of MnO cathodes has been extensively investigated, the underlying reaction mechanisms have long remained a subject of debate, and the associated mechanical evolution during cycling is still poorly understood. In this work, a comprehensive investigation of electrochemical phase transitions and chemical strain evolution in δ-MnO cathode is presented using a custom-built in situ strain testing system based on digital image correlation.

Tandem repeat-induced sexual silencing: A Rid-dependent RNAi mechanism for fungal genome defense via translational repression.

Eukaryotes have evolved defense systems to protect their genomes from invasive genetic elements. We report a fungal defense mechanism, tandem repeat-induced sexual silencing (TRISS), active during sexual stages. TRISS is a unique RNA interference (RNAi) pathway distinct from known mechanisms like quelling and meiotic silencing by unpaired DNA (MSUD).

Research on the influence factors of radial velocity based on a coherent-dispersion spectrometer.

High precision extrasolar planet detection based on the radial velocity (RV) method has important scientific significance for studying planet formation, galaxy evolution, and exploring the origin of life and extraterrestrial civilizations. The asymmetric common-path coherent-dispersion spectrometer (CODES) has great potential in the field of exoplanet detection due to its high stability and high throughput. However, the non-ideal characteristics of the telescope and limitation of the detector resolution will cause the problem of uneven distribution of received starlight intensity and the sub-pixel Doppler shift.

Beam quality improvement for small-channel coherent beam combining with laser beams arranged along non-uniform Fermat spiral.

We propose a non-uniform Fermat spiral (NFS) array for small-channel coherent beam combining. Owing to the non-uniform array density and the changing distances between two consecutive channels, the combined beam quality is naturally improved by the NFS array. All the factors affecting the combined beam quality were analyzed in detail, comparing with the hexagon array and the uniform Fermat spiral (UFS) array.

The secreted elicitor protein VmHrp1 from Valsa mali activates plant immunity through RLP26 to enhance disease resistance.

Pathogenic fungi, such as Valsa mali, secrete effector proteins to suppress host immunity and promote infection. Plants counteract these attacks through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and activate immune responses. This study reports the identification and characterization of a hypersensitive response-inducing protein (VmHrp1) that comes from V.

Safety and immunogenicity of thiomersal-free recombinant hepatitis E vaccine: A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled study.

Introduction: The first recombinant hepatitis E vaccine (Escherichia Coli), Hecolin® (Xiamen Innovax, China), was approved for people aged ≥16 years. Innovax has developed a thiomersal-free formulation process change according to the requirement of 2020 Chinese Pharmacopoeia. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the thiomersal-free hepatitis E vaccine compared with the licensed hepatitis E vaccine in people aged ≥16 years.

Real-World effectiveness of eculizumab in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome: a retrospective study from Western China.

Objective: To evaluate the real-world efficacy and safety of eculizumab in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) within a Western Chinese cohort, with emphasis on treatment initiation timing and renal outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 17 aHUS patients treated at Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, focusing on the relationship between treatment timing and clinical prognosis. To evaluate timing effects, patients were categorized as Early Initiators (treatment within 7 days of symptom onset, n=9) versus Delayed Initiators (treatment beyond 7 days, n=8) The main outcome measures included hematological parameters, renal function, and adverse events.

ACSS2 protects against alcohol-induced hepatocyte ferroptosis through regulation of hepcidin expression.

Acetate is the end product of alcohol metabolism. Acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2) converts acetate to acetyl-CoA, involving metabolic pathways and epigenetic regulation. However, the function of ACSS2-mediated epigenetic control in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) remains incompletely understood.

Effects of Water-to-Cement and Sand-to-Binder Ratio on Mechanical and Drying Shrinkage Properties of Low-Carbon Mortar Containing Biochar Aggregate.

Biochar, serving as a carbon sequestration material, has garnered significant attention. In this study, the effects of water-to-cement (W/C) and sand-to-binder (S/B) ratio on the macroscopic mechanical properties, dry-shrinkage behavior, and water transport properties of biochar mortar, as well as the microstructure of the mortar, are described. The results indicate that the compressive strength of the mortar decreases gradually with increases in the S/B ratio, while its flexural strength increases gradually with increases in the S/B ratio.

Noncoronary Sinus Pivot Implantation for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement With Self-Expanding Valve for Aortic Regurgitation.

Background: Our initial study suggested that patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with a self-expanding valve for pure native aortic regurgitation (PNAR) had a lower rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) when the noncoronary sinus pivot implantation (NCPI) was achieved.

Objectives: This study enrolled patients with PNAR who underwent TAVR with self-expanding valves between January 2019 and April 2024, compared the NCPI strategy with the conventional approach, and analyzed factors associated with successful NCPI.

Methods: We divided 87 patients into an early (conventional) group of patients treated before February 2023 and a late (NCPI strategy) group of patients treated after February 2023.

Phosphate-solubilizing function of PSM16 and its underlying mechanism.

Phosphorus is a crucial nutrient for plant growth, but only a limited quantity is typically accessible in the soil for plants to absorb directly. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can convert inorganic phosphorus compounds into forms that are more readily usable for plant nutrition. Our previous research has verified the function of PSM16 in degrading phytic acid.

Medium-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins Altered Neurobehavior and Induced Neuroinflammation Associated with Disordered Intestinal Homeostasis.

Chlorinated paraffins, derivatives of chlorinated -alkanes, are widely used in agricultural and industrial applications. With the restriction of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs), the use of medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) has sharply increased. MCCPs have recently been detected in foods and animal brains, raising concerns about their health effects.

Uncommon cases of crescentic glomerulonephritis with preserved renal function at diagnosis: A retrospective case series from a single center.

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment and prognosis of crescentic glomerulonephritis (Crescentic GN) in patients with normal renal function at diagnosis, and compare to those with impaired renal function.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of patients with renal biopsy proven Crescentic GN at our center and divided them into normal eGFR group (eGFR≥60 ml/min/1.73 m) and low eGFR group (eGFR <60 ml/min/1.

Early Results of Multicenter Trial of a Novel Balloon-Expandable Valve With Anchor for Aortic Regurgitation.

Background: The application of transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for patients with severe pure native aortic regurgitation (PNAR) is limited by a lack of dedicated devices. The Hanchor Valve system is the first transfemoral balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valve with an anchor element designed for PNAR.

Objectives: The aims of this report are to present the 30-day follow-up results of transfemoral TAVR using the Hanchor Valve system in patients with severe PNAR and to provide insights into the technical aspects of the procedure.

Transcatheter annuloplasty with the K-Clip system for tricuspid regurgitation: one-year results from the TriStar study.

Background: Despite the fact that morbidity and mortality rates significantly increase with tricuspid regurgitation (TR) severity, limited treatment options are available for treating severe TR.

Aims: The single-arm, multicentre, prospective Confirmatory Clinical Study of Treating Tricuspid Regurgitation With K-Clip TM Transcatheter Annuloplasty System (TriStar) evaluated the 1-year outcomes of the novel transcatheter K-Clip annuloplasty system in treating secondary TR.

Methods: Between May 2022 and October 2022, patients with ≥severe secondary TR despite optimal medical therapy at 11 centres in China were deemed candidates for transcatheter tricuspid repair by the local Heart Team and a multidisciplinary screening committee.

Age-Related Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients with Pure Severe Aortic Regurgitation.

Introduction: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is increasingly used, especially in older and high-risk surgical patients with pure severe aortic regurgitation (PSAR). However, the efficacy of TAVR in younger patients with aortic regurgitation (AR) remains unclear. This study explored the therapeutic efficacy and safety of TAVR in these two groups and compared their outcomes.

The efficacy, safety and clinical feasibility of a percutaneous atrial septal shunt device for pulmonary arterial hypertension: a single-center cohort study.

Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of FreeFlow percutaneous atrial septal shunt device (manufactured by AOLIU Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China) in patients with refractory pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) for the first time.

Methods: The study enrolled adult patients diagnosed with refractory pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) at the Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, between Oct 2021 and Oct 2023.

Toxicological mechanisms of carbon polymers in accelerating cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the primary cause of dementia and is emerging as a global threat to human health. Increased availability of processed food is identified as a crucial dietary risk factor underlying the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease. Carbon polymers (CPs), as neo-formed substances and ubiquitous in thermally processed foods, the relationship between them and AD onset remains unclear.

Clinicopathological characteristics and predictors of renal outcomes in diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis : a retrospective single-center study from Western China.

Background: The factors influencing diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis renal survival and prognosis remain uncertain. Additionally, there's no literature on the clinical outcomes of IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and IgA vasculitis nephritis in type II patients.

Methods: This study retrospectively examined 107 patients diagnosed with diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis through biopsy.

Adaptive immune cells antagonize ILC2 homeostasis via SLAMF3 and SLAMF5.

Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) mainly reside in tissues with few lymphoid cells. How their tissue residency is regulated remains poorly understood. This study explores the inhibitory role of SLAM-family receptors (SFRs) on adaptive immune cells in ILC2 maintenance.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the protective effects of Chinese yam polysaccharide against cisplatin-induced renal interstitial fibrosis.

Background: Chinese yam polysaccharide (SYDT) has been reported to protect renal function and mitigate renal fibrosis in mice with diabetic nephropathy. Based on a multi-omics analysis, the objectives of this study were to determine the effect of SYDT on cisplatin (CDDP)-induced chronic renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) and the underlying molecular mechanisms using an in vivo model.

Methods: Rats were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of CDDP and then treated with SYDT or amifostine (AMF).

Erratum: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells-derived IL-6 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma growth and resistance to cisplatin via upregulating CD73 expression: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/jca.37932.

Electroacupuncture may alleviate inflammatory pain by downregulating the expression of P2Y receptor in the primary somatosensory cortex.

Increasing evidence indicated that purinergic signalling involved in electroacupuncture (EA)-induced analgesia. Whether purinergic P2Y receptor contributes to EA-mediated analgesia remains unclear. Here, we report that the expression of P2Y receptor in the hindlimb region of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1HL) was significantly upregulated on Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced pain model mice, while was downregulated after EA treatment (2 Hz frequency, 1 mA intensity, and 30 min duration) at "Zusanli" (also named ST36 acupoint).

On efficient expanding training datasets of breast tumor ultrasound segmentation model.

Automatic segmentation of breast tumor ultrasound images can provide doctors with objective and efficient references for lesions and regions of interest. Both dataset optimization and model structure optimization are crucial for achieving optimal image segmentation performance, and it can be challenging to satisfy the clinical needs solely through model structure enhancements in the context of insufficient breast tumor ultrasound datasets for model training. While significant research has focused on enhancing the architecture of deep learning models to improve tumor segmentation performance, there is a relative paucity of work dedicated to dataset augmentation.