Development of a pseudotargeted metabolomics approach for relative quantification of free fatty acid double-bond isomers in beagle plasma.

Free fatty acids (FFAs) play a key role in living organisms and participate in metabolic processes, mainly as a source of energy for cells. The CC position isomer of FFAs is strongly associated with many diseases, but quantification of its double bond position isomer remains a challenge in lipid analysis. In this study, based on the requirements of the pseudotargeted metabolomics, an analytical method based on a two-step derivatization LC-MS/MS method and a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was established and fully validated in terms of linearity, precision, and stability.

Genome-wide selection signal analysis reveals copy number variation associated with litter size in Guizhou Black goat.

Introduction: Copy number variation (CNV) is a common form of genomic structural variation arising from genome sequence rearrangements, which primarily involves variations in the copy number of large genomic segments. This study focuses on performing selection signal analysis of CNVs to identify candidate loci and genes associated with litter size in Guizhou Black goat.

Methods: Sample selection: 30 Guizhou Black goats were divided into high-lambing and low-lambing groups based on their continuous lambing records.

High-frequency and high-amplitude sounds enhance bird deterrence.

Given the widespread conflicts between humans and birds in contexts such as agricultural production, airports, and new energy installations, the development and application of bird deterrence technologies hold significant importance for both safeguarding human interests and advancing the cause of wildlife conservation. Artificial sounds are one of the most widely used methods for bird deterrence; however, there is a lack of systematic research on the effects of sound frequency and their combination. The black-necked crane (Grus nigricollis), a first-class nationally protected wild animal of China, shares some of its habitats with human agricultural activities.

Formation and sustenance mechanism of bacterial diversity in nutrient-deficient environment of indoor stadium.

Bacterial diversity has been found in indoor stadiums which can be considered as a specific nutrient-deficient environment (NDE), it remains a mystery and opens to new ideas why the bacterial diversity can be formed and maintained in NDE of indoor stadiums, since it is obvious to violate the famous competitive exclusion principle (CEP) in ecology. In the article, five most common genera, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Exiguobacterium, Sphingobacterium, Chryseobacterium in indoor stadiums were selected and periodically sampled to supervise the dynamic characteristics of bacterial community. Based on quorum sensing (QS) and non-monotonic interspecific interaction (NMII) in combination with microbial ecology, clustering analysis and experimental observation, a new hypothesis was put forward to elucidate QS and NMII of substrate location information (SLI) mechanism driving bacterial community succession with high diversity in NDE of indoor stadium.

Mechanistic insights into SUMOylation and its role in cancer pathogenesis: bridging oncogenesis, immunity, and therapeutic opportunities.

SUMOylation is a post-translational modification mediated by SUMO proteins, a family of small ubiquitin-like biological macromolecules that covalently attach to specific lysine residues in target proteins. This modification regulates various macromolecular functions, including transcriptional control, subcellular localization, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression. Recent advances have unveiled the multifaceted roles of SUMOylation in cancer pathogenesis, encompassing oncogenesis, immune modulation, and therapeutic resistance.

CLCN5 inhibits tumorigenesis and fatty acid accumulation in clear cell renal cell carcinoma by regulating Enoyl CoA hydratase and 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), a globally prevalent and highly aggressive malignancy, is characterized by abnormal lipid accumulation and high morbidity. However, the complex pathological mechanisms underlying its development remain largely unexplored, necessitating further research efforts. In this study, we employed Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and identified Chloride Voltage-Gated Channel 5 (CLCN5), a member of the CIC family, as a potential hub gene involved in fatty acid degradation.

Causal relationship between immune cells and venous thromboembolism: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes Pulmonary embolism (PE) and Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), is a complex vascular disorder with poorly understood pathological mechanisms. Emerging research highlights the potential involvement of immune cells in the pathogenesis of VTE, although their causal relationship remains unproven.

Methods: To systematically assess the causal relationships between 731 immune phenotypic traits and VTE, PE, and DVT, this study employed a bidirectional, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

A broad-spectrum antibiotic targets multiple-drug-resistant bacteria with dual binding targets and no detectable resistance.

The rapid emergence of difficult-to-treat multidrug-resistant pathogens, combined with the scarcity of antibiotics possessing novel mechanisms, poses a significant threat to global public health. Here, we integrate the synthetic-bioinformatic natural product approach with peptide optimization to unveil the antibiotic-producing potential of Paenibacillaceae bacteria. Our culture-independent approach led to the discovery of paenimicin, a novel 11-mer depsi-lipopeptide featuring an unprecedented dual-binding mechanism.

Clostridium dalinum: A Novel Lactic Acid Bacterium with Excellent Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Functions Through NF-κB, Keap1-Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathways.

The health benefits of probiotics are widely acknowledged, and the development of probiotics with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties is expected to further advance the probiotic industry and enhance human health. This study reports a novel lactic acid strain, Clostridium dalinum, isolated from soil. As a member of the Clostridium genus, this strain demonstrates strong coagulation properties and a high safety profile.

An innovative method for simultaneous separation and determination of monosaccharide and sugar alcohol isomers associated with glycometabolism in beagle plasma using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Background: Tracking changes in plasma concentrations of monosaccharides and sugar alcohols related to glycometabolism, which plays a role as the main source of energy, is of great significance for the treatment of metabolic diseases. However, analysis of monosaccharides and sugar alcohols has always been a difficult task due to the high polarity of the polyhydroxy structure and the presence of a large number of isomers. So far, no suitable method has been developed for simultaneous determination of monosaccharides and sugar alcohols in beagle plasma.

Identifying potential drugs for treating Cardiovascular-kidney metabolic syndrome via reverse network pharmacology.

Background: Cardiovascular, Kidney and metabolic syndrome (CKM) is a complex disease, for which current therapeutic approaches have limited efficacy. This study aims to screen for potential targets and novel drugs for treating CKM using network pharmacology.

Methods: Using reverse network pharmacology, core targets and potential drugs for CKM were identified.

Environmental nano-particulates induced pre-implantation embryonic toxicity in pluripotent stem cell-derived blastoids.

Human pre-implantation embryonic development is challenged by raising environmental pollution such as nano-sized carbon black and emerging nanoplastics. However, the absence of an Exposome research model still handles our understanding of nano-sized pollutants caused early embryonic toxicity. Notably, the cutting-edge blastoids constructed from pluripotent stem cells could be a high-throughput research model to fill this knowledge gap.

Revealing the significance of tissue-resident memory T cells in lung adenocarcinoma through bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation.

Purpose: To investigate the functions of lung T cells in the development and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Methods: R-language bioinformatics analysis was applied to obtain differentially expressed (DE) lung T cell-specific genes and a related prognostic signature, which were further validated using external datasets, immunohistochemical staining images, and biological experiments.

Results: A total of 130 DE lung T cell-specific genes were identified, 14 of which were involved in the prognostic signature, including , , , , , , , , , , , , and .

Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Oral Frailty Risk in Elderly Patients With Ischaemic Stroke.

Aim: To develop and validate a risk prediction model for oral frailty in elderly patients with ischaemic stroke.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: A temporal cohort of 633 elderly isachemic stroke patients from May 2024 to February 2025 was chronologically divided into a training set (n = 443) and validation set (n = 190).

Integrated transcriptomic analysis unveils molecular mechanisms regulating meat quality in newly improved black goat breeds.

This study aimed to integrate transcriptomes to reveal the regulatory molecular mechanisms of meat quality in different black goat breeds. A comparison of Guizhou Black Goats (GBG♂, n = 7), Black Nubian Goats (NBG♂, n = 7), and their F1 hybrids (FBG♂, GB♀ × NB♂, n = 7) revealed that the FBG demonstrated notable improvements in meat quality parameters, muscle fiber traits, fatty acid and amino acid compositions, mineral content, intramuscular fat (IMF), and inosine monophosphate (IMP) levels. Moreover, transcriptome analysis identified 119, 77, and 82 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the GBG vs NBG, FBG vs GBG, and FBG vs NBG comparisons, respectively.

ACSS2 protects against alcohol-induced hepatocyte ferroptosis through regulation of hepcidin expression.

Acetate is the end product of alcohol metabolism. Acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2) converts acetate to acetyl-CoA, involving metabolic pathways and epigenetic regulation. However, the function of ACSS2-mediated epigenetic control in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) remains incompletely understood.

Hydrogen-Driven Ferromagnetic Insulator in Cobalt Perovskite above Room Temperature.

Transition-metal oxyhydrides, composed of oxides and unique hydride anions, are rare and remarkable materials with significant potential applications in catalysis, battery technology, hydrogen storage, and photocatalysis. The addition of one electron to hydrogen imparts a bipolar nature and enhances its electronegativity, facilitating the formation of metallic, covalent, and ionic bonds in these transition-metal oxyhydrides. By utilizing topotactic reduction techniques, we successfully incorporated hydrogen into LaCoO thin films, transforming them into H-LaCoO.

Impact of resistance training intensity on body composition and nutritional intake among college women with overweight and obesity: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among college women is a public health concern. This study examined the effects of different intensities of resistance training on body composition and nutritional intake in overweight and obese college women.

Methods: A cluster-randomized controlled trial with a 12-week intervention included 72 participants, divided into low, moderate, and high-intensity resistance training groups, along with a control group.

Dietary energy and protein gradients drive metabolic adaptation in growing-finishing yaks on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.

The study investigated the metabolic responses of yaks to dietary net energy for gain (NEg) and metabolizable protein (MP), and explored potential biomarkers for average daily gain (ADG) in serum metabolites. A total of 40 three-year-old yaks (initial body weight = 255 ± 8.04 kg) were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement based on dietary NEg (4.

Discovery of novel non-sulfonylurea NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors for the treatment of multiple inflammatory diseases.

Targeting NLRP3 inflammasome has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for various inflammatory diseases. In this work, to discover safe and effective novel NLRP3 inhibitors, we designed and synthesized a series of new non-sulfonylurea NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors. Among them, the representative compound B6 specifically and potently inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome with an IC of 10.

Features and mechanisms of long-lived somatic fibroblasts in response to DNA replication stress.

The DNA replication stress (RS) response is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and promoting physiological longevity. However, the mechanisms by which long-lived species, such as bats, regulate RS to maintain genomic stability remain unclear. Also, recent studies have uncovered noncanonical roles of ribosome-associated factors in maintaining genomic stability.

Founders Can Increase Determinism of Community Assembly.

The effect of founders (the potential influence of initially colonizing species on the composition, functionality, and stability of communities) plays a crucial role in community assembly; many experimental studies on priority effects or artificially assembled species have suggested the existence of this effect, but direct experimental evidence at the community level remains limited. This study used sterilized and nonsterilized paocai soup (a traditional Chinese fermented vegetable soup) from the same source to simulate initial environments with and without founders. These were placed in beakers with varying opening sizes on an open rooftop for 15 days to explore the impact of founders on community assembly under different dispersal intensities.

Negative emotion modulates postural tremor variability in Parkinson's disease: A multimodal EEG and motion sensor study toward behavioral interventions.

Background: Despite clinical observations of emotion-tremor interactions in Parkinson's disease (PD), the neurophysiological mechanisms mediating this relationship remain poorly characterized.

Methods: This study employs a multimodal approach integrating 16-channel electroencephalography (EEG) and inertial motion sensors to investigate emotion-modulated postural tremor dynamics in 20 PD patients and 20 healthy controls (HCs) during standardized video-induced emotional states (positive/neutral/negative).

Results: Key findings demonstrate impaired negative emotional processing in PD, manifested as paradoxical increases in subjective valence (pleasure-displeasure ratings) coupled with reduced physiological arousal.