Kinship verification via correlation calculation-based multi-task learning.

Previous studies have demonstrated that metric learning approaches yield remarkable performance in the field of kinship verification. Nevertheless, a prevalent limitation of most existing methods lies in their over-reliance on learning exclusively from specified types of given kin data, which frequently results in information isolation. Although generative-based metric learning methods present potential solutions to this problem, they are hindered by substantial computational costs.

Psyllium-derived, medium-molecular weight arabinoxylan enables modulation of the gut microbiota and metabolites in type 2 diabetic mice.

Patients with diabetics usually exhibit disordered glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as disrupted intestinal microecology. Dietary adjustment is essential for controlling diabetes. This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of psyllium-derived medium-molecular-weight arabinoxylan (MMW-AX) on glycolipid biochemical indicators, pathological symptoms, and intestinal microbial diversity in mice with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Carrier Concentration Optimization Facilitates High Thermoelectric Performance in Solution-Grown Y and Pb Codoped SnSe Nanorods.

Here, Pb/Y codoped SnSe nanorods were fabricated via a bottom-up, cost-effective hydrothermal method. The formation of nanorod structures generating high-density grain boundaries significantly enhances phonon scattering, serving as the primary mechanism for lattice thermal conductivity reduction. Furthermore, Y-element enrichment regions, nanoprecipitates, and dense dislocation networks provide additional phonon scattering that further suppresses phonon transport.

Synthesis and antifungal activity evaluation of novel dehydroabietic acid-based Schiff base derivatives for sustainable agricultural protection.

Background: Plant diseases cause significant economic losses in global agriculture each year, and the long-term use of commercial fungicides has led to serious environmental pollution and pesticide resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop effective and eco-friendly plant-based antifungal compounds.

Results: A series of rosin-based Schiff base derivatives were synthesized, and all compounds were charactered using FT-IR, H NMR, C NMR and LC-MS.

Regiodivergent Ligand-Controlled Cobalt-Catalyzed Reductive Hydroxymethylation of Alkynes with Aqueous Formaldehyde.

Allylic alcohols are versatile and essential building blocks in synthetic chemistry, widely used for the preparation of complex molecules, pharmaceuticals, and materials. We report here a regiodivergent reductive hydroxymethylation of terminal alkynes with aqueous formaldehyde to prepare allylic alcohols enabled by visible light photoredox and cobalt dual catalysis. Using readily available, bulk, and cheap aqueous formaldehyde as a simple C1 source, this method allows for the selective production of both linear and branched allylic alcohols in one-step manner.

Application of Feruloyl Oligosaccharides in Degradable Chitosan Film.

The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of how feruloyl oligosaccharides (FOs) on the physical properties, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial efficacy of chitosan-based (CS) films. Among the tested formulations, the film containing 10% FOs (CS/FOs-10) demonstrated optimal physical properties, including significant water degradability and excellent extensibility. In vitro antioxidant assays revealed that wheat bran FOs significantly enhanced the overall antioxidant capacity of CS films, with the CS/FOs-15 film achieving an ABTS radical scavenging rate of 96%.

Biodegradation of Zearalenone by a Novel Strain X13 Isolated from Volcanic Rock Soil Using the Mycotoxin as the Sole Carbon Source.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a widespread estrogenic mycotoxin that poses serious health risks to both humans and animals through the contamination of cereals and feeds. In this study, a novel strain X13 was isolated from volcanic rock soil and demonstrated the unique ability to utilize ZEN as the sole carbon source for growth and metabolism. Under optimized conditions (37 °C, pH 8.

Uniform Cu-Based Metal-Organic Framework Micrometer Cubes with Synergistically Enhanced Photodynamic/Photothermal Properties for Rapid Eradication of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

: The rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections demands innovative non-antibiotic therapeutic strategies. Dual-modal photoresponse therapy integrating photodynamic (PDT) and photothermal (PTT) effects offers a promising rapid antibacterial approach, yet designing single-material systems with synergistic enhancement remains challenging. This study aims to develop uniform Cu-based metal-organic framework micrometer cubes (Cu-BN) for efficient PDT/PTT synergy.

Protoporphyrin-functionalized reduced graphene oxide as a novel sensing platform for the electrochemical determination of lead ions.

The development of simple, rapid, and sensitive techniques for quantifying toxic heavy metal ions is crucial due to their risks to human and environmental health. Herein, a protoporphyrin-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (PP-rGO) nanocomposite was designed as a new electrochemical sensing material for the sensitive determination of lead ions (Pb). The nanocomposite was prepared by simple hydrothermal treatment of PP-GO under alkaline conditions and was then examined by UV-vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

A single N-rich covalent organic framework-based sensor for electrochemical sensing of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol.

2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), a widely used pesticide ingredient, poses the hazardous harm to the surrounding environment and human health due to its persistence and toxicity. In this work, a single free-metal nitrogen-rich (N-rich) covalent organic framework (COF), denoted as COF, was synthesized and then assembled with the glass carbon electrode (GCE) to fabricate a COF/GCE sensor. Benefiting from its porous structure, large electrochemical surface area and abundant nitrogen-containing active sites, thus, the prepared COF/GCE sensor demonstrated excellent performance towards the oxidation of TCP with the wide linear range and an outstanding limit of detection.

Advances in the application of porous organic frameworks composites for electrochemiluminescence sensing of heavy metal ions.

As an emerging analytical technology, the high sensitivity, low cost and low background signal of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) have led to its various applications, including in food safety, metal ion detection and mycotoxin detection. Porous organic framework (POF) composites are a series of porous crystalline materials and novel ECL luminescent materials. POFs include metal organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), and so on.

Task Travel Time Prediction Method Based on IMA-SURBF for Task Dispatching of Heterogeneous AGV System.

The heterogeneous automatic guided vehicle (AGV) system, composed of several AGVs with different load capability and handling function, has good flexibility and agility to operational requirements. Accurate task travel time prediction (T3P) is vital for the efficient operation of heterogeneous AGV systems. However, T3P remains a challenging problem due to individual task correlations and dynamic changes in model input/output dimensions.

Heteroatom-Modulated Asymmetric Cobalt Single-Atom Catalysts on MOF-Derived Carbon Enabling Durable Zinc-Iodine Batteries.

The rational design of catalytic host materials with optimized electronic structures and confined architectures is crucial for addressing the shuttle effect and sluggish kinetics in aqueous zinc-iodine batteries. In this study, an asymmetric cobalt single-atom catalyst is developed by anchoring Co-NP sites on a nitrogen-phosphorus co-doped carbon matrix (Co-N-PC) derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The coordination engineering of Co centers via phosphorus incorporation disrupts the symmetry of conventional Co-N configurations, enhancing charge redistribution and reducing the energy barrier for iodine dissociation as confirmed by density functional theory calculations.

Molecular characterization and functional analysis of AAT and SAA in Lateolabrax maculatus and Micropterus salmoides.

Both alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are involved in the regulation of infection, tissue damage and inflammation. In this study, AAT and SAA genes from spotted seabass (Lateolabrax maculatus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were cloned and characterized, named LmAAT, MsAAT, LmSAA and MsSAA, respectively. LmAAT, MsAAT, LmSAA and MsSAA were 1664 bp, 1688 bp, 505 bp and 476 bp long, encoded 404, 409, 121 and 122 amino acid residues.

Hierarchical Modulation in Cu-Aerogel Enables Breakthrough CO Electroreduction for Combating Stability-Efficiency-Selectivity Tradeoff.

Design of electrocatalyst combining low overpotential, high selectivity and stability for combating the stability-efficiency-selectivity tradeoff in CO electroreduction remains a crucial challenge. Herein, a hierarchical modulation strategy is proposed for the precise assembly of Boron (B) and Tin (Sn), resulting in novel copper (Cu)-aerogel (BSnCu3) structures with both structural and functional hierarchies for advanced CO electroreduction. Superficial assembled Tin creates Cu protective layer for high stability, the body assembled Boron improves the binding affinity to intermediates and shifts Cu d-band upward for enhanced charge transfer.

Structure, Function and Application of Tremella Fuciformis Polysaccharide: A Review.

Tremella fuciformis (TF) is a valuable edible fungus rich in various nutrients, with TF polysaccharide (TFP) as its primary bioactive component. Extensive studies have demonstrated that TFP exhibits significant bioactivities, including antioxidant, antitumor, immunomodulatory, memory-enhancing, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic effects, as well as skin-protective properties and gut microbiota modulation. Due to these multifunctional properties, TFP has garnered considerable attention in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.

Possible transformation between half-metallic and metallic states of multiferroic MnGaSSe monolayers.

Multiferroic (MF) materials, exhibiting magnetic-electronic coupling properties, hold transformative potential for application in low-power spintronic devices. In this work, we investigate the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of a multiferroic MnGaSSe monolayer using first-principles calculations. Our results show that the -phase MnGaSSe (-MnGaSSe) monolayer exhibits a ferromagnetic (FM) semimetallic character with long-range magnetic order, while the -phase MnGaSSe (-MnGaSSe) monolayer adopts an FM metallic ground state.

BPA disrupts crustacean reproduction: Tissue-specific accumulation, oxidative stress, and gene dysregulation in Macrobrachium nipponense.

Bisphenol A (BPA), a pervasive environmental endocrine disruptor, increasingly threatens aquatic ecosystems due to its reproductive toxicity. This study investigates how BPA disrupts ovarian development in Macrobrachium nipponense - by analyzing its tissue-specific bioaccumulation (ovaries, hepatopancreas, fertilized eggs), antioxidant responses, and developmental gene regulation. Experimental results demonstrated that after 10-day exposure to 10, 100, and 1000 μg/L BPA, significant BPA accumulation was observed in both ovaries and hepatopancreas, while fertilized eggs showed notable accumulation only at the highest concentration (1000 μg/L) (P < 0.

Study on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Multi-Layer Laser Cladding Fe901 Coating on 65 Mn Steel.

65 Mn is a high-quality carbon structural steel that exhibits excellent mechanical properties and machinability. It finds broad applications in machinery manufacturing, agricultural tools, and mining equipment, and is commonly used for producing mechanical parts, springs, and cutting tools. Fe901 is an iron-based alloy that exhibits excellent hardness, structural stability, and wear resistance.

Deep learning-based phase demodulation for distributed acoustic sensor.

With the rapid advancement of deep learning, its applications in fiber optic sensing are expanding significantly, particularly in recognizing diverse scenarios where substantial progress has been made. However, the crucial task of obtaining demodulation results from raw data remains relatively underexplored. Accurate demodulation is essential for a deeper understanding of the physical processes in fiber optic sensing systems, enhancing measurement accuracy, and optimizing system performance.

Relationship between mobile phone addiction and subjective well-being among Chinese students: A 3-level meta-analysis.

Background: Numerous studies have examined the relationship between mobile phone addiction (MPA) and subjective well-being (SWB). However, different studies have produced different conclusions, and the moderating effect on this relationship remains unclear. In this study, a 3-level meta-analysis was used for the first time to elucidate the relationship between MPA and SWB and explore the moderating variables that affect this relationship between the 2 variables.

Impact mechanisms of humic acid on the behavior of CMC-stabilized nZVI in groundwater: Implications for long-term chlorinated contaminant remediation.

Stabilized nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) is commonly used as a reductant during groundwater remediation of halogenated hydrocarbons. However, humic acid (HA) in groundwater can affect the environmental behavior of nZVI during contaminant degradation. This study investigated the effects of HA on carboxymethyl cellulose-stabilized nZVI (CMC-nZVI) by studying hydrogen evolution, Fe corrosion and carbon tetrachloride (CT) degradation kinetics.

Metabolic Engineering of Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1 for L-Leucine Production.

Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1 has garnered attention as a promising synthetic biology chassis due to its compact genome, rapid growth, innate competence for horizontal gene transfer, and ease of genetic manipulation. To assess its potential for natural product biosynthesis, we engineered ADP1 for the production of l-leucine. First, feedback inhibition was relieved by overexpressing the endogenous leuA and ilvBN genes, alongside the replacement of transcriptional attenuation regions within the leuBCD operon.

Genome-wide identification and functional characterization of the ammonium transporter family in centipedegrass suggest their roles in acidic soil adaptation.

Ammonium transporters (AMTs) are vital for plant nitrogen uptake, yet AMTs in acidophilic plants-adapted to nitrogen-deficient, acidic, Al-toxic soils-remain poorly characterized. This study investigates AMT function in acidic-tolerant centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides) to elucidate their role in acidic soil adaptation. Genome-wide analysis identified 12 AMT genes: 3 AMT1 and 9 AMT2 members unevenly distributed across six chromosomes, with two segmentally duplicated pairs.