Cancer-specific mortality in secondary bladder cancer after nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

Objective: To examine differences in cancer-specific mortality (CSM) in nonmetastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients with vs. without secondary bladder cancer (BCa) after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER 2000-2021), T1-T4N0M0 UTUC patients treated with RNU and diagnosed with secondary BCa were identified.

Multiple maternal occupational exposures during pregnancy and intrauterine growth: analysis of the French Longitudinal Study of Children - ELFE cohort, using data-driven approaches.

Objective: To use data-driven approaches to investigate maternal multi-occupational exposures during pregnancy and their effects on intrauterine growth.

Methods: Maternal occupational exposure to 47 factors during pregnancy was evaluated with job-exposure matrices in the French ELFE cohort. The outcomes of interest were birthweight (BW), small for gestational age (SGA) and head circumference (HC).

The relationship between age of onset, peripheral plasma protein markers and social cognition in first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia.

Background: The relationship between age of onset and social cognition in schizophrenia (SCZ), as well as the role of peripheral plasma protein markers in this connection, remains unclear. This study aims to investigate these associations in first-episode drug-naïve SCZ.

Methods: A total of 171 SCZ patients were enrolled and categorized into non-late-onset and late-onset groups based on their age of onset, which was recorded at enrollment.

Clinical Phenotype, Predictors and Early Biomarkers of Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy Prognosis.

Background: Dyskinetic cerebral palsy (DCP) is a severe subtype of cerebral palsy in which children often present substantial functional impairment and multiple comorbidities. Our knowledge of the clinical picture of DCP is limited and our understanding of which markers best predict later impairment is scarce. This study aims to describe the presentation of DCP and examine the value of gestational age (GA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings as early markers of eventual DCP prognosis.

Diagnostic and analytic performance of four point-of-care hemoglobin testing devices used in routine HIV and maternity care in Uganda.

Background: Hemoglobin estimation (Hb) is the most requested hematology test, especially among pregnant/postnatal women and people living with HIV (PLHIV). In Uganda, several point-of-care (POC) Hb testing devices are currently used and performance may be affected by multiple factors. This study evaluated the diagnostic and analytic performance of four Hb POC devices.

A phase 2 randomized, placebo-controlled study on the efficacy and safety of AR1001, a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease.

Background: AR1001 is a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor that produces improved cognitive performance and reduces amyloid-β and phosphorylated tau burdens in preclinical models of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objectives: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of AR1001 in participants with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial conducted at 21 sites in the United States.

Edge-centric Brain Connectome Representations Reveal Increased Brain Functional Diversity of Reward Circuit in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been increasingly understood as a disorder of network-level functional dysconnectivity. However, previous brain connectome studies have primarily relied on node-centric approaches, neglecting critical edge-edge interactions that may capture essential features of network dysfunction.

Methods: This study included resting-state functional MRI data from 838 MDD patients and 881 healthy controls (HC) across 23 sites.

Chronic sleep deprivation induces depression- and Alzheimer's disease-like changes in adult and ageing wild-type and Fat-1 transgenic mice.

Background: Sleep disorders show comorbidity with depression and Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially in ageing. However, the neuroimmunological role of sleep deprivation (SD) as possible inducer to these conditions remains unknown. Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) can improve depression and AD through anti-inflammation, up-regulating neurotrophins and normalizing neurotransmitters, while their therapeutic effects on sleep deprivation (SD)-induced changes in different ages requires investigation.

Latent profile analysis of healthcare-related regret coping among Master of Nursing specialist students during clinical internships: A multi-center cross-sectional study.

Background: Healthcare-related regret (HRR) is frequently encountered by healthcare professionals, even in the early clinical stages. Effective coping strategies are essential for mental well-being, professional performance, and career satisfaction. However, the specific coping mechanisms used by Master of Nursing specialist (MNS) students during clinical internships are not well understood.

Vitamin Interventions in ASD and ADHD: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Vitamin interventions have emerged as a cost-effective and accessible approach to managing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), primarily for alleviating gastrointestinal symptoms such as constipation. Recent studies suggest vitamins may also improve core symptoms, yet most existing research focuses on comparisons between patients and healthy controls, lacking clinically relevant, evidence-based insights.

Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted using studies retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, focusing on vitamin interventions in ASD and ADHD populations.

Dual Detection of Glucose Using Commercial Potassium Permanganate and Glucose Oxidase: Colorimetric and Absorbance-Based Approaches.

Accurate and accessible glucose detection is essential for clinical diagnostics, point-of-care testing, food safety, and biosensing applications. In this study, we present a simple, scalable, and dual-mode glucose sensor that integrates commercial potassium permanganate (KMnO) with glucose oxidase to enable sensitive and selective detection in the clinically critical range of 1-5 mM. Leveraging the strong oxidative power and distinct optical characteristics of KMnO, the sensor operates via both absorbance measurement at 400 nm and visual colorimetric analysis, displaying a clear color change from purple to pink and yellow upon reaction with glucose.

The impact of physical activity on substance use experimentation and initiation among adolescents: Results from the ABCD Study® cohort.

Physical Activity (PA) is important for mental, physical, and brain health. Adolescence is marked by increased engagement in risky substance use (SU) behaviors, which can negatively affect brain development. This study aims to determine if PA influences SU experimentation and initiation among adolescents.

Improving the Screening and Treatment of Hepatitis C in a Rural Primary Care Clinic.

Background And Objectives: With the potential to lead to liver failure, cirrhosis, and death and the availability of hepatitis C Virus (HCV) treatment with direct-acting antiviral medications, primary care clinicians need to take action to improve screening and treatment of HCV. Current literature demonstrates gaps in knowledge contribute to low HCV screening and treatment rates. The project's purpose is to use a multidisciplinary approach to patient and clinician education to improve HCV care in a rural primary care clinic.

A Novel Morphological Classification to Guide Transcatheter Mitral Valve Edge-to-Edge Repair for Commissural Mitral Regurgitation.

Background: Mitral commissural prolapse poses significant anatomical challenges that can hinder the effectiveness of transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the safety and effectiveness of applying a novel morphological classification to guide TEER in patients with commissural degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR).

Methods: In this prospective, multicenter study across 18 centers in China, we classified patients with severe commissural DMR into 4 morphological types through detailed echocardiographic analysis.

Vernomigeodiins A-D, highly oxygenated stigmastane-type steroids isolated from Vernoniastrum migeodii with anti-herpes simplex virus activity.

Previously undescribed steroids vernomigeodiins A-D (1-4), were isolated from the African medicinal plant Vernoniastrum migeodii along with known sterols 5-10 and the tripeptide aurantiamide acetate (11). The isolated steroids featured a stigmastane skeleton with a unique conjugated Δ-diene segment and a highly oxidized side chain, occasionally forming a bi- or tricyclic ring system. Sterols 1-3, 5-9 are glucosylated, whereas 4 and 10 are aglycons.

Strengthening New Vaccine Introduction in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Establishing Hospital-Based Sentinel Surveillance for Vaccine Safety Monitoring.

Enhancing surveillance for adverse events following immunization remains a key global immunization priority. Many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are implementing new vaccines without the comprehensive safety monitoring typically conducted in high-income countries. Since 2017, the Global Immunization Safety Team at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in collaboration with partners, has supported establishing sentinel surveillance systems during vaccine introductions for safety monitoring in LMICs.

Adolescent Mental Health Assessment in Family Medicine and Specialty Settings in Appalachian Upstate South Carolina to Include Sexting Frequency and Depression Indices.

Sexting is associated with adolescent depression. This study aimed to expand provider assessment in Family Medicine and specialty settings in Appalachian Upstate South Carolina (AUSC) to include sexting and depression screening. AUSC depression rates are among the highest in the nation, highlighting disparities in the region.

Deep Learning Modeling to Differentiate Multiple Sclerosis From MOG Antibody-Associated Disease.

Background And Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is common in adults while myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is rare. Our previous machine-learning algorithm, using clinical variables, ≤6 brain lesions, and no Dawson fingers, achieved 79% accuracy, 78% sensitivity, and 80% specificity in distinguishing MOGAD from MS but lacked validation. The aim of this study was to (1) evaluate the clinical/MRI algorithm for distinguishing MS from MOGAD, (2) develop a deep learning (DL) model, (3) assess the benefit of combining both, and (4) identify key differentiators using probability attention maps (PAMs).

Cerebrovascular Reactivity at Rest and Its Association With Cognitive Function in People With Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia.

Background And Objectives: Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is an indicator of cerebrovascular health, and its signature in familial frontotemporal dementia (FTD) remains unknown. The primary aim was to investigate CVR in genetic FTD using an fMRI index of vascular contractility termed resting-state fluctuation amplitudes (RSFAs) and to assess whether RSFA differences are moderated by age. A secondary aim was to study the relationship between RSFA and cognition.

Impact of health promotion strategies on HPV vaccination uptake: A descriptive epidemiological study (2019-2024).

Introduction/objectives: The effectiveness of vaccines depends not only on resource availability but also on broad public acceptance and the uptake of widely accessible vaccines. A vaccination campaign is a strategically coordinated initiative designed to enhance vaccine coverage within a specific population. This study evaluated the impact of health promotion strategies (HPS), including social marketing and education, on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake among adolescents aged 9-19 years in City of Novi Sad, Serbia (population ~300,000).

Clues from dyadic interactions in early childhood predict psychotic-like experiences at the transition to adolescence in a sample enriched for psychopathology risk.

Early childhood is a critical period for socioemotional development with long-term implications for the emergence of psychopathology. However, alterations in social interactions during early childhood have not been examined as vulnerability markers for psychosis. Raters naïve to clinical outcomes coded behaviors during socially engaged and socially disengaged contexts of the disruptive behavior diagnostic observation schedule video-recorded in early childhood (ages 3-5 years old; = 4.

Flashzoi: An enhanced Borzoi for accelerated genomic analysis.

Motivation: Accurately predicting how DNA sequence drives gene regulation and how genetic variants alter gene expression is a central challenge in genomics. Borzoi, which models over ten thousand genomic assays including RNA-seq coverage from over half a megabase of sequence context alone promises to become an important foundation model in regulatory genomics, both for massively annotating variants and for further model development. However, the currently used relative positional encodings limit Borzoi's computational efficiency.