Interactions Between Commensal Microbes and Mosquito-Borne Viruses.

Emerging and re-emerging mosquito-borne viruses pose a significant threat to global public health. Unfortunately, effective preventive and therapeutic measures are scarce. An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms regulating viral pathogenesis, vector competence, and viral transmission between mammalian hosts and vectors may lay the foundations for new preventive and therapeutic approaches.

Genomic epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance reveal local transmission dynamics of enteric fever in Shenzhen, one of the mega cities in China.

Objectives: Outbreak of enteric fever and the spread of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella Typhi and S. Paratyphi pose significant public health challenges in low- and middle-income countries. Understanding the transmission dynamics of these pathogens is essential for developing effective control strategies.

Impact of healthy lifestyles on the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease among adults with comorbid hypertension and diabetes: Novel insight from a largely middle-aged and elderly cohort in South China.

Aims: The association between lifestyle and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been well documented. However, evidence is still limited from vulnerable populations, especially middle-aged and elderly adults with comorbid hypertension and diabetes, who are at higher risk of developing MASLD than the general population. We aimed to examine the potential causal links of a healthy lifestyle with the risk of MASLD in this vulnerable population.

Relationship of Klotho with cognition and dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The protein Klotho, known for its connection to longevity, has attracted growing interest among researchers for its positive effects on the cognitive function and dementia during aging. Nevertheless, the precise correlation between levels of Klotho and cognitive function and dementia remains inadequately elucidated, with conflicting conclusions arising from different studies.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and Meta-analysis of the relationship between Klotho levels and cognitive function and dementia.

Heat wave, fine particulate matter, and cardiovascular disease mortality: A time-stratified case-crossover study in Shenzhen, China.

Background: In the context of global warming, the frequency of heat wave and the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM) have increased, and more people are co-exposed to air pollution and extreme heat. However, the interaction between heat wave and PM on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality remained largely unknown.

Methods: We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study of 40,169 CVD deaths in Shenzhen, China between 2013 and 2022.

Inorganic arsenic in aquatic products in Shenzhen, China from 2018 to 2024: Levels, temporal variation and health risk assessment.

Aquatic products are a significant source of arsenic exposure, with inorganic arsenic (iAs) posing a significant risk to humans. This study assessed iAs levels in 1191 aquatic products from Shenzhen, China (2018-2024), and estimated health risks. Shellfish had lower mean iAs levels (0.

Lycium barbarum extract improves brain and visual functions in mice models of Alzheimer's disease through activating WNT pathway.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly, characterized by visual deficits and cognitive impairment. However, current therapies have limited efficacy.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate whether Lycium barbarum extract (LBE) can mitigate the decline in brain and visual function in mouse models of AD during the middle and late stages.

Effect of Current-Season-Only Versus Continuous Two-Season Influenza Vaccination on Mortality in Older Adults: A Propensity-Score-Matched Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background/objectives: This study evaluated the impact of influenza vaccination on mortality using real-world data and compared the effect of current-season-only vaccination versus continuous two-season vaccination.

Methods: The 2017-2019 data from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, included 880,119 individuals aged ≥65 years. The participants were divided into vaccinated and unvaccinated groups and matched using propensity scores with a 1:4 nearest-neighbor approach.

An Imported Yellow Fever Adverse Events Following Immunization Case Identified by Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing - Guangdong Province, China, October 2024.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Yellow fever (YF) is a highly lethal mosquito-borne infectious disease endemic to tropical regions for which no antiviral treatments currently exist. Vaccination remains the most effective preventive measure and is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for YF control and prevention. However, the YF vaccination associated Adverse Events following Immunization (AEFI) cases occur globally occasionally.

ARF4-mediated intracellular transport as a broad-spectrum antiviral target.

Host factors that are involved in modulating cellular vesicular trafficking of virus progeny could be potential antiviral drug targets. ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) are GTPases that regulate intracellular vesicular transport upon GTP binding. Here we demonstrate that genetic depletion of ARF4 suppresses viral infection by multiple pathogenic RNA viruses including Zika virus (ZIKV), influenza A virus (IAV) and SARS-CoV-2.

Development and evaluation of mosaic VLPs vaccine for enhanced broad-Spectrum immunity against influenza B virus lineages in mice.

Influenza B virus (IBV) causes annual respiratory outbreaks, posing significant public health challenges. Traditional vaccines are limited in their effectiveness by antigenic drift and strain mismatches. This study introduces innovative mosaic virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines designed to present a broader range of epitopes, aiming for broad-spectrum immunity against both B/Victoria (BV) and B/Yamagata (BY) IBV lineages in mice.

The impact of air pollutants on emergency ambulance dispatches due to mental and behavioral disorders in Shenzhen, China.

Background: The relationships between air pollutants and mental and behavioral disorders (MBDs) remain unclear. We aimed to identify the primary pollutants affecting mental health and evaluate the short-term effects on emergency ambulance dispatches (EADs) due to MBDs.

Methods: Time-stratified case-crossover study and conditional logistic regression model were adopted to explore the impact of air pollutants on EADs due to MBDs from 2013 to 2020 in Shenzhen, China.

Corrigendum to "Conditional reprogrammed human limbal epithelial cell model for anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug screening" [Heliyon Volume 10, Issue 9 , 15 May 2024, e30044].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Downregulation of STAT1 improved learning and memory impairments in aging mice.

Cognitive impairment is a typical hallmark of aging in mice and humans. Here, we reported that downregulation of STAT1 improved learning and memory impairments in aging mice by enhancing the expression of synaptic protein and inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors. Proteomic analysis revealed 139 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the hippocampus of downregulated-STAT1 aging mice, compared with aging control mice.

Clinical Performance of MAGLUMI Diagnostic Tests for the Automated Detection of Dengue Virus.

Aims: The screening and diagnosis of dengue virus infection play a crucial role in controlling the epidemic of dengue fever, highlighting the urgent need for a highly sensitive, simple, and rapid laboratory testing method. This study aims to assess the clinical performance of MAGLUMI Denv NS1 in detecting dengue virus NS1 antigen.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to assess the sensitivity and specificity of MAGLUMI Denv NS1 using residual samples.

[Expert recommendations on mass population vaccination].

Mass vaccination represents a highly effective strategy for accelerating disease control while simultaneously reducing incidence and mortality rates. By developing comprehensive plans and standards for mass vaccination, it is feasible to optimize resource allocation and swiftly enhance vaccination coverage, thereby preventing, controlling, or interrupting outbreaks or epidemics of specific infectious diseases. To standardize the mass vaccination process and establish a population immunity barrier in an orderly, efficient, and safe manner, a panel of experts was convened to develop the Recommendations on Mass Vaccination.

Co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nicotine and their associations with cognitive impairment risk in older adults from southern China.

Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and tobacco smoke is widespread and linked to various adverse health outcomes. Their potential to disturb the neurological system has raised much concern, particularly among older adults. Thus, we conducted a case-control study to assess the associations between co-exposure to PAHs and nicotine, and the risk of cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in older adults.

Development and validation of the Information Literacy Measurement Scale (ILMS-34) in Chinese public health practitioners.

Background: Public health professionals (PHPs) have increasing information needs to inform evidence-based public health decisions and practice, which requires good information literacy. A comprehensive and reliable assessment tool is necessary to assess PHPs' literacy and guide future promotion programs. However, there is a lack of measurement tools specifically for the information literacy of PHPs.

Effect of folpet on hypoglycaemia, intestinal microbiota, and drug resistance genes in mice.

Background: Folpet is a nonspecific sulfonamide fungicide widely used to protect crops from mildew. However, the in vivo effects of folpet on glucose metabolism homeostasis, gut microbiota, and abundance of drug resistance genes remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of the pesticide, folpet, on glucose metabolism homeostasis, and folpet-induced changes in the intestinal microbiota and resistance genes in mice.

Impact of RSVpreF vaccination on reducing the burden of respiratory syncytial virus in infants and older adults.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes a substantial health burden among infants and older adults. Prefusion F protein-based vaccines have shown high efficacy against RSV disease in clinical trials, offering promise for mitigating this burden through maternal and older adult immunization. Employing an individual-based model, we evaluated the impact of RSV vaccination on hospitalizations and deaths in 13 high-income countries, assuming that the vaccine does not prevent infection or transmission.

Indoor incense burning and impaired lung function in patients with diabetes.

While recent studies have indicated a potential link between incense burning and respiratory diseases, there is a lack of data specifically focused on diabetic patients. To explore the relationship between indoor incense burning and impaired lung function among Chinese individuals with diabetes, a comprehensive cross-sectional study was undertaken, enrolling 431 adults diagnosed with diabetes. Information on incense burning and characteristics was collected using a structured questionnaire.

HIV risk and influence factors among MSM who had sought sexual partners in core venues: a continuous sentinel surveillance in 2010-2022.

Background: Seeking sexual partners in men who have sex with men (MSM) venues has been regarded as a high-risk behavior for HIV among MSM. Nevertheless, with the implementation of venue-based interventions and the change in the way MSM seek sexual partners, the continued status of MSM venues as the HIV risk factor remains inconclusive. This study endeavors to delve into this ambiguity by examining the MSM sexual contact network (SCN) as a foundation.

Streptococcus agalactiae infection of a reconstructed human respiratory epithelium revealed infection and host response characteristics by different serotypes.

Background: Streptococcus agalactiae poses a significant threat to neonatal health, causing morbidity and mortality when transmitted from the maternal vagina to the newborn's respiratory tract. Among its various strains, serotype III is predominant in severe neonatal infections in Asia. However, the mechanisms of pathogenesis and host responses underlying serotype-specific disease outcomes remain poorly understood.

Urinary neonicotinoid exposure and its association with hypertension and dyslipidemia among the elderly: A cross-sectional study in Shenzhen, China.

In recent years, neonicotinoids (NEOs) as a new type of insecticide have been increasingly used worldwide, causing significant impacts on human health. This study collected urine samples from 1147 elderly individuals (including 714 in the control group and 433 in the hypertension group) in Shenzhen, China, and detected the concentrations of six types of NEOs and four metabolites of NEOs (mNEOs). The aim of this study is to investigate the association between NEOs exposure and hypertension and dyslipidemia.