Comparison with Dietary Groups of Various Macronutrient Ratios on Body Weight and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

This network meta-analysis aimed to assess the relative efficacy of macronutrient dietary groups with varying carbohydrate, fat, and protein ratios on weight control and cardiovascular risk factors improvement in adults. We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to 30 November 2024, as well as reference lists of related systematic reviews.

Viral Load Dynamics of Chikungunya Virus in Human Specimens - Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China, 2025.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) represents an Aedes-borne alphavirus that causes fever, rash, and severe arthralgia. Outbreaks have expanded across 119 countries, with sporadic imported cases documented in China. While serum has been regarded as the optimal diagnostic specimen, comprehensive data comparing multiple specimen types across all infection phases have remained lacking.

IRF7 in peripheral monocytes drives BBB disruption in anti-NMDAR encephalitis.

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a severe neurological disorder characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against the NMDAR and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. This study investigates the involvement of monocytes and interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) in BBB leakage of this disease. In anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients, the circulating monocytes count was positively correlated with BBB disruption, besides, IRF7 was activated in these cells.

Association between multimorbidity trajectories and subsequent cognitive decline: evidence from two nationwide longitudinal cohorts.

Background: The number of chronic diseases in a patient may change over time, but how multimorbidity developmental trajectories affect subsequent cognitive decline remains unknown.

Methods: Data were drawn from eight waves (2004-2018) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), involving 5300 and 4357 participants, respectively. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify multimorbidity trajectories over six years (2004-2010) according to ten chronic diseases.

Isolation and identification of the cis-abienol degrading strain Klebsiella oxytoca T2L and its aroma products.

Cis-abienol, a naturally occurring labdanum diterpenoid, is believed to be an essential precursor of ambergris substances and is found on the surface of many plants. In this study, the strain Klebsiella oxytoca T2L was isolated from the soil of oriental tobacco and demonstrated effective degradation of cis-abienol. The strain was identified through morphological characteristics and 16 S rDNA sequence analysis.

Biotransformation of tobacco-derived Z-abienol into precursors of ambrox by newly identified LSC-2.

Z-abienol is a labdane diterpene present in tobacco leaves and is a key precursor for producing valuable aroma compounds such as ambrox. This study aimed to identify and characterize a bacterial strain that can efficiently degrade Z-abienol through microbial fermentation. The strain LSC-2 isolated from fresh tobacco leaves was identified as based on its morphological features and 16S rDNA phylogenetic analysis.

Shaping the future of tobacco through microbial insights: a review of advances and applications.

Over the past 20 years, researchers have used multi-omics techniques to study microbial diversity and metabolic function on tobacco leaves. The unique metabolic function of tobacco microorganisms has attracted extensive attention from researchers, which is an important research field in tobacco industry to improve the intrinsic quality of tobacco leaf with microbial agents. The microorganisms are particularly rich on the surface of tobacco leaf, and their metabolic function is closely related to the change of tobacco leaf chemical composition.

Increased monocytes and their derived indicators are associated with clinical severity of acute heart failure following acute myocardial infarction.

Objective: Monocytes play a significant role in the pathophysiology of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The relationship between monocytes, their derived indicators, and the severity of acute heart failure following AMI remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association of monocytes and their derived indicators with clinical severity of acute heart failure in the patients with AMI.

Cystatin C as a Biomarker for Identifying High-Risk Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: An Observational Study.

BackgroundCystatin C is a cysteine protease inhibitor, synthesized by nucleated cells, and released into various body fluids. Lots of studies have reported an association between cystatin C and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, the association of cystatin C with high-risk patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS) has not been well studied.

Association between changes in physical functions and risk of stroke: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The association between changes in physical functions and stroke incidence remains uncertain.

Methods: A total of 7978 participants without stroke from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were recruited in 2011-2012 and followed up until 2020. We assessed annual changes in physical functions from 2011 to 2015, including absolute grip strength, relative grip strength, walking speed, chair-rising time and standing balance.

Biosynthesis of Natural Acylsucroses from Sucrose and Short Branched-Chain Fatty Acids via Artificially Engineered .

Natural acylsucrose, often found in the glandular trichomes of plants, has potential applications in many industries, including food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. In this study, we engineered an strain to complete the biosynthesis of acylsucroses through whole-cell transformation. Using acylsucrose acyltransferases and CoA ligases, acylsucroses, including monoacylsucrose S1:5 ("S" represents an acylsucrose backbone, the number before the colon indicates the number of acyl chains, and the number after the colon indicates the sum of carbons in all acyl chains), diacylsucrose S2:10, triacylsucrose S3:14, and triacylsucrose S3:15 were synthesized from the substrate sucrose and short branched-chain fatty acids by the engineered EcoSE07, of which S3:15 was the primary product.

Higher cumulative blood pressure is associated with increased risk of incident stroke but not heart disease among middle-aged and older Chinese adults: A prospective cohort study.

Objectives: To examine the associations of cumulative systolic blood pressure (SBP)/diastolic blood pressure (DBP)/pulse pressure (PP) with the incident heart disease and stroke, as well as the dose-response relationship between them.

Study Design: Longitudinal prospective cohort study.

Methods: The present cohort was drawn from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study during 2011-2018.

Bioconversion of Alpha-Cembratriene-4,6-diol into High-Value Compound Farnesal Through Employment of a Novel H3-1 Strain.

Alpha-cembratriene-4,6-diol (α-CBT-diol) is a complex diterpenoid primarily found in (i.e., tobacco leaves), , and marine corals.

Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Arrhythmias Following Pacemaker Implantation.

Pacemakers are essential devices for patients with cardiac rhythm abnormalities. However, the occurrence of arrhythmias after pacemaker implantation remains a clinical challenge. This study aimed to identify and analyze the factors that influence the occurrence of arrhythmias following pacemaker implantation to improve patient outcomes.

An Imported Yellow Fever Adverse Events Following Immunization Case Identified by Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing - Guangdong Province, China, October 2024.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Yellow fever (YF) is a highly lethal mosquito-borne infectious disease endemic to tropical regions for which no antiviral treatments currently exist. Vaccination remains the most effective preventive measure and is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for YF control and prevention. However, the YF vaccination associated Adverse Events following Immunization (AEFI) cases occur globally occasionally.

Characterization of microbial communities in flavors and fragrances during storage.

Flavors and fragrances are essential for product quality, yet they are highly susceptible to contamination due to high moisture content and rich nutrients. This study investigates microbial growth, pH changes, volatile compound dynamics, and microbial community changes during the storage of flavors and fragrances. Results indicate that total viable counts (TVC) remained stable for the first three days but increased rapidly afterward, exceeding the acceptable limit of 5 log CFU/mL by day 7.

A Structural Model of Truncated Gaussia princeps Luciferase Elucidating the Crucial Catalytic Function of No.76 Arginine towards Coelenterazine Oxidation.

Gaussia Luciferase (GLuc) is a renowned reporter protein that can catalyze the oxidation of coelenterazine (CTZ) and emit a bright light signal. GLuc comprises two consecutive repeats that form the enzyme body and a central putative catalytic cavity. However, deleting the C-terminal repeat only limited reduces the activity (over 30% residual luminescence intensity detectable), despite being a key part of the cavity.

Preliminary application of EPID three-dimensional dose reconstruction in in vivo dose verification of breast cancer intensity-modulated radiation therapy.

A preliminary study was conducted using electronic portal imaging device (EPID) based dose verification in pre-treatment and in vivo dose reconstruction modes for breast cancer intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) technique with known repositioning set-up errors. For 43 IMRT plans, the set-up errors were determined from 43 sets of EPID images and 258 sets of cone beam computed tomography images. In-house developed Edose software was used to reconstruct the dose distribution using the pre-treatment and on-treatment (in vivo) EPID acquired fluence maps.

The impact of setup errors on dose distribution in cervical cancer radiotherapy and the margin from CTV to PTV.

Purpose: This study calculates the needed margin from clinical target volume (CTV) to planning target volume (PTV) in IMRT for cervical cancer. It also assesses the impact of setup errors on target and organ at risk (OAR) dose distribution.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 50 cervical cancer patients who underwent IMRT, with 210 CBCT scans.

The effect of sarcopenic obesity on glycaemic status based on fasting plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin: A prospective cohort study.

Aim: To investigate the effect of sarcopenic obesity on the progression of glycaemic status in middle-aged and older adults without diabetes.

Materials And Methods: This research involved 4637 participants without diabetes from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011-2015. Sarcopenic obesity at baseline was evaluated based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria.

Sigmoid ventricular septum treated with endocardial ablation to improve left ventricular outflow: cases report.

Background: Sigmoid Ventricular Septum (SVS) is a type of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy characterized by a reduced angle between the basal interventricular septum and the ascending aorta, and SVS can lead to dynamic Left Ventricular Outflow Tract obstruction (LVOTO) during hypercontractile states. Patients experiencing LVOTO may manifest symptoms such as angina, syncope, etc. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been utilized to treat patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, but there is no reports on its use in treating LVOTO resulting from SVS.

Synergistic effect of split DNA activators of Cas12a with exon-unwinding and induced targeting effect.

CRISPR-Cas12a, an RNA-guided nuclease, has been repurposed for genome editing and molecular diagnostics due to its capability of cis-cleavage on target DNA and trans-cleavage on non-target single-strand DNA (ssDNA). However, the mechanisms underlying the activation of trans-cleavage activity of Cas12a, particularly in the context of split DNA activators, remain poorly understood. We elucidate the synergistic effect of these activators and introduce the concepts of induced targeting effect and exon-unwinding to describe the phenomenon.