Ultrahigh Energy Density in Dielectric Polymers Near Glass Transition Temperature by Molecular Twisting Conformation Locking.

Dielectric polymers with high operating temperatures (T) for capacitive energy storage applications are urgently needed in new energy vehicles and power electronics. Polymers with high glass transition temperatures (T), such as Kapton polyimide (T≈360 °C), suffer low T (< 150 °C) due to electron delocalization between donor and acceptor units. Here, a molecular twisting conformation-locking strategy is proposed for high-temperature dielectric polymers to block intrachain and interchain electron migration pathways.

An Improved Interpolation Method for Simulating Electrohydrodynamic Atomization in the Cone-Jet Regime.

Electrospray technology in the cone-jet regime has been numerically studied with the development of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A novel interpolation method, the hybrid averaging mean (HAM), is presented in the present work, aimed at enhancing the accuracy of numerical simulations in electrohydrodynamic (EHD) atomization. Traditional methods such as the weighted arithmetic mean (WAM) and Weighted Harmonic Mean (WHM) have been widely used; however, the limitations are exhibited in terms of stability and computational efficiency.

External radiation spatial distribution and safety assessment of yttrium-90 resin microsphere selective hepatic radioembolisation therapy.

This study investigated the spatial distribution pattern of external radiation dose rates in patients treated with yttrium-90 (Y) resin microspheres and evaluated the potential radiation exposure to other individuals. External radiation dose rates from 15 patients were measured following therapy. A curve fit was performed using MATLAB to verify adherence to the inverse square law.

Correction: A Lewis basic CeO cocatalyst expedites two-electron air electroreduction at the theoretical limit.

Correction for 'A Lewis basic CeO cocatalyst expedites two-electron air electroreduction at the theoretical limit' by Lili Jiang , , 2025, https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CC00909J.

Dynamics of Condensing Droplets Driven by Multidirectional Laplace Pressure Gradients on Hierarchical Microstructured Surfaces.

The rapid removal of condensate droplets is important for achieving stable dropwise condensation, thus improving the thermal efficiency of condensing equipment. The microstructure on the condensing surface can facilitate the departure of droplets. However, most existing microstructures are arrays of a single structure, which can only generate a single directional Laplace pressure gradient.

Reducing Structural Distortion by Tailoring Orbital Interactions in High-Voltage Polyanionic Cathodes.

The structural distortion of electrode materials in battery systems usually results in the structure degradation and capacity fading upon cycling. However, the fundamental mechanism about the structural distortion remains elusive. A critical issue has emerged concerning the utilization of high-voltage potassium vanadium fluorophosphate compound (KVPOF) as a competitive cathode material for potassium-ion battery applications.

Synergistically competitive coordination for tailoring sodium cointercalation potential of graphite.

Sodium co-intercalation in graphite negative electrodes delivers high-rate kinetics, and yet its implementation is plagued by notorious reaction potential. While prior efforts reduce the co-intercalation potential, the design remains limited by the intrinsic properties of electrolyte. Herein, a flexible design strategy based on synergistically competitive coordination is developed to tailor co-intercalation potential in dilute ether systems.

Unidirectional electric field enables reversible ferroelectric domain engineering.

The deterministic control of ferroelectric polarization via an external field is critical for advancing the technologies of modern information storage. Conventionally, reversible and cyclic polarization switching in ferroelectric materials requires bipolar electric fields. The present work demonstrates the efficient reversible and cyclic ferroelectric domain switching under a unipolar electric field in van der Waals ferroelectric CuInPS, enabled by Cu-ion migration across van der Waals gaps.

DGS-Yolov7-Tiny: a lightweight pest and disease target detection model suitable for edge computing environments.

Pest detection is vital for maintaining crop health in modern agriculture. However, traditional object detection models are often computationally intensive and complex, rendering them unsuitable for real-time applications in edge computing. To overcome this limitation, we proposed DGS-YOLOv7-Tiny, a lightweight pest detection model based on YOLOv7-Tiny that was specifically optimized for edge computing environments.

Cavity-confined Au@CuO yolk-shell nanoreactors enable switchable CH/CH selectivity.

The regulation of product selectivity in electrochemical CO reduction (ECOR) remains fundamentally constrained by the dynamic equilibrium between intermediate transport and surface coverage. In this study, we report a progress in catalytic architecture through precision-engineered Au@CuO yolk-shell tandem nanoreactors featuring dual-tunable parameters: cavity confinement dimensions and shell thickness gradients. This structural modulation enables dynamic control over both *CO intermediate enrichment and reaction pathway bifurcation.

Study on the influence of carboxyethyl chitosan concentration on composite fouling characteristics: Experiments, functional group analysis, and molecular dynamics simulations.

To explore the scale inhibition characteristics of carboxyethyl chitosan (CEC) on composite fouling, this study employed experimental methods, functional group analysis, and molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the effects of CEC at different concentrations on the inhibition of AlO and CaCO composite fouling. The experimental results demonstrate that CEC, obtained through functional group substitution, serves as an environmentally friendly scale inhibitor capable of altering the morphology of composite fouling. Moreover, the scale inhibition efficiency of CEC improves with increasing inhibitor concentration.

In Situ Response Time Measurement of RTD Based on LCSR Method.

This study aims to overcome the limitations of conventional plunge tests for evaluating resistance temperature detector (RTD) response times under actual operating conditions, particularly in confined nuclear power plant piping. An in situ measurement device based on the loop current step response (LCSR) method was developed, with a conversion relationship to plunge test results established through numerical simulation and experimental validation. Investigations in a rotating water channel (over the flow velocity range of 0.

Anomaly Detection of Acoustic Signals in Ultra-High Voltage Converter Valves Based on the FAVAE-AS.

The converter valve is the core component of the ultra-high voltage direct current (UHVDC) transmission system, and its fault detection is very important to ensure the safe and stable operation of the transmission system. However, the voiceprint signals collected by converter stations under complex operating conditions are often affected by background noise, spikes, and nonlinear interference. Traditional methods make it difficult to achieve high-precision detection due to the lack of feature extraction ability and poor noise robustness.

Electrochemical Biosensors Driving Model Transformation for Food Testing.

Electrochemical biosensors are revolutionizing food testing by addressing critical limitations of conventional strategies that suffer from cost, complexity, and field-deployment challenges. Emerging fluorescence and Raman techniques, while promising, face intrinsic drawbacks like photobleaching and matrix interference in opaque or heterogeneous samples. In contrast, electrochemical biosensors leverage electrical signals to bypass optical constraints, enabling rapid, cost-effective, and pretreatment-free analysis of turbid food matrices.

Advances in Nanozyme Catalysis for Food Safety Detection: A Comprehensive Review on Progress and Challenges.

The prosperity of enzyme-mimicking catalysis has promoted the development of nanozymes with diversified activities, mainly including catalase-like, oxidase-like, peroxidase-like, and superoxide dismutase-like characteristics. Thus far, the reported nanozymes can be roughly divided into five categories, comprising noble metals, metal oxides, carbon-based nanostructures, metal-organic frameworks, and covalent organic frameworks. This review systematically summarizes the research progress of nanozymes for improving catalytic activity toward sensing applications in food safety monitoring.

Hierarchical Flaky Spinel Structure with Al and Mn Co-Doping Towards Preferable Oxygen Evolution Performance.

As an efficient clean energy technology, water electrolysis for hydrogen production has its efficiency limited by the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics, which drives the demand for the development of high-performance anode OER catalysts. This work constructs bimetallic (Al, Mn) co-doped nanoporous spinel CoFeO (np-CFO) with a tunable structure and composition as an OER catalyst through a simple two-step dealloying strategy. The as-formed np-CFO (Al and Mn) features a hierarchical flaky configuration; that is, there are a large number of fine nanosheets attached to the surface of a regular micron-sized flake, which not only increases the number of active sites but also enhances mass transport efficiency.

Experimental Investigations on Sustainable Dual-Biomass-Based Composite Phase Change Materials for Energy-Efficient Building Applications.

The incorporation of phase change material (PCM) can enhance wall thermal performance and indoor thermal comfort, but practical applications still face challenges related to high costs and potential leakage issues. In this study, a novel dual-biomass-based shape-stabilized PCM (Bio-SSPCM) was proposed, wherein waste cooking fat and waste reed straw were, respectively, incorporated as the PCM substance and supporting material. The waste fat (lard) consisted of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acid glycerides, exhibiting a melting point about 21.

Mg-dominated defect engineering in Co-Mn spinels: unlocking low-temperature catalytic activity for VOC removal via synergistic oxygen vacancies.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), key pollutants in the atmosphere that cause air quality issues and environmental damage, are a crucial focus for catalytic oxidation. However, challenges like high operating temperatures and catalyst deactivation remain major obstacles. Herein, a Mg-dominated defect engineering approach in Co-Mn spinels was proposed to enable low-temperature catalytic activity for VOC removal through cooperative oxygen vacancy formation.

Fluorine-confined catalytic sites for augmented p-d hybridization promoting flow-type aqueous Zn-CO batteries.

We developed fluorinated-MOF to confine Zn catalytic sites to address the low performance of the cathodic electrochemical CO reduction reaction (eCORR). The electronegative fluorine atom redistributed the electrons of Zn sites, boosting CO faradaic efficiency to 96.9% and permitting high peak power density (2.

Bright Light Emission from Deep Energy States.

Deep energy states, a fundamental concept in semiconductor physics, play a pivotal role in determining the optical performance of semiconductor materials. They are generally regarded as undesirable defects, as they can serve as efficient centers for non-radiative recombination. Thus, the prevailing consensus is that deep energy states must be passivated and mitigated to enhance the optical properties of semiconductors.

Tailoring Solvent-Mediated CO Reservoirs at Heterointerfaces for Enhanced Electrochemical CO-to-CH Conversion.

Transforming waste CO into value-added fuels and chemicals, while simultaneously enabling renewable electricity storage, presents a viable strategy for achieving a sustainable energy economy. However, efficient conversion to C products remains challenging, primarily due to the low CO concentration at the catalyst surface in aqueous environments. Herein, we addressed this issue by designing CuO-MgO catalysts with abundant nanointerfaces serving as effective CO reservoirs under aqueous conditions.

Assessment of cross-section library impact on neutron beam quality in AB-BNCT monte carlo studies.

This study investigated the impact of nuclear reaction cross-sections data from various nuclear data libraries on neutron parameters in Monte Carlo simulations using the PHITS code for accelerator-based BNCT (AB-BNCT). Specifically, it evaluated the effect of different proton data libraries-ENDF/B VII.1, ENDF/B VIII.

Mildly sulfurized metal-organic frameworks-derived nickel sulfide heterostructures as bifunctional catalysts for efficient water/seawater electrolysis.

The rational design of bifunctional electrocatalysts that simultaneously exhibit exceptional catalytic activity and retain the inherent merits of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for overall water electrolysis still presents a critical scientific challenge. Herein, we demonstrate the construction of nanoflower-like heterostructures composed of NiFe-TDC and NiS (denoted as NiS@NiFe-TDC) on nickel foam substrates through a simple and mild room-temperature sulfurization strategy, serving as highly active dual-functional electrocatalysts for overall freshwater and seawater splitting. The as-prepared NiS@NiFe-TDC-60 achieves 10 mA cm current density with the overpotentials of 81 and 244 mV in alkaline solution for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively.

Intrinsic-Defect-Rich Hierarchical Porous Carbon Enabling Enhanced Power Generation in Sulfur-Based Thermally Regenerative Batteries.

Thermally regenerative battery (TRB) systems as an emerging technology for converting low-grade waste heat into electricity show significant application potential but face challenges in terms of limited efficiency and cycling performance. To solve these problems, building upon a sulfur-based thermally regenerative battery (STRB), this work utilizes defect-rich hierarchically porous carbon architectures (DHPCs) as substrate materials for sulfur electrodes, investigating systematically the structural characteristics of sulfur electrodes based on nitrogen-doped hierarchically porous carbon architectures (NHPCs) and DHPCs, along with their effects on the power performance of STRBs. The results demonstrate polar defect sites in DHPCs effectively immobilize active materials, while the porous carbon walls facilitate rapid ion transport and promote chemical conversions.