Multilevel Assessments Reveal that a Novel Fungicide Benzovindiflupyr Induces Concentration- and Time- Dependent Toxicity toward .

This study investigated the toxic effects of BZF on collembolans at the individual, physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. The results showed that the median lethal concentration (7d-LC) of BZF on collembolans under 7-day exposure was 2 μg cm. The highest chronic toxicity of BZF against collembolans was exhibited in red soil (200.

Stress responses in the honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) midgut triggered by PFOA and PFHxS at environmental residue concentrations detected in bee products.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), as persistent global contaminants, pose substantial threats to pollinators like honeybees (Apis mellifera L.), yet their sub-lethal effects remain insufficiently explored. Here, we exposed bees to environmentally relevant concentrations (0.

Toxicity Responses from Tributyltin Chloride on Haarder () Livers: Oxidative Stress, Energy Metabolism Dysfunction, and Apoptosis.

In coastal waters, tributyltin chloride (TBTC), a persistent organic pollutant, is extensively present. It is uncertain, therefore, if exposure to TBTC can harm haarders and how. This study exposed the fish for 60 days in order to investigate the molecular mechanism of haarder following TBTC poisoning.

Effects of organic selenium on metabolic responses and disease resistance in rose plants.

Selenium (Se) has been widely studied for its ability to effectively induce disease resistance in crops. However, the effects of organic Se on plant immunity and flowering remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic approaches to investigate the impact of organic Se on rose plants.

Risk assessment and resistant mechanism of Fusarium graminearum to fluopyram.

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by the Fusarium graminearum species complex, poses a significant threat to global wheat production and human health due to its high virulence and the ability to produce harmful secondary metabolites. Although various fungicides have been extensively used to control FHB, there is a critical need for more comprehensive information on the resistance of F. graminearum to fluopyram in China.

Environmental concentrations of TCEP and TDCIPP induce dysbiosis of gut microbiotal and metabolism in the honeybee (Apis mellifera L.).

Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) have emerged as significant global pollutants, yet their harmful effects on pollinating insects remain largely unexplored. This study explored the toxicological effects of tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and tri(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) on the gut microbiota and metabolic pathways of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.).

Fluxapyroxad induces chronic colonic inflammation via inhibiting intestinal aryl hydrocarbon receptors in mice.

Fluxapyroxad, the most extensively utilized succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicide, lacks comprehensive research on potential risks associated with chronic toxicity. To investigate its effects on chronic colonic inflammation and elucidate the underlying mechanisms, a mouse model was employed to assess oral exposure to fluxapyroxad at no observed adverse effect level (NOEL) for 13 weeks, in vitro and in silico models were utilized as well. The results revealed reduced body weight gain, colon length reduction, crypt damage, goblet cell loss in the colon, impaired intestinal barrier integrity, and an elevation of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α following fluxapyroxad exposure in mice.

Ecotoxicological effects of the neonicotinoid insecticide dinotefuran on springtails (Folsomia candida) at soil residual concentration.

Dinotefuran, a third-generation neonicotinoid insecticide, is widely used in agriculture production due to its excellent insecticidal efficacy. Considering its persistence and high toxicity in soil, it is essential to evaluate its low-dose toxic effects on non-target soil organisms such as the springtail (Folsomia candida). The results revealed that the 7-day half lethal concentration (7d-LC) of dinotefuran contact toxicity to springtails was 0.

Bioavailability assessment of propiconazole to Limnobium laevigatum and zebrafish (Danio rerio) in aquatic microcosms.

Residues of the triazole fungicide propiconazole (PCZ) in the environment can easily enter aquatic ecosystems through various pathways and accumulate in sediments, thus threatening ecosystem stability. The method of using passive sampling techniques to measure the freely dissolved concentration (C) of pollutants in aquatic environments for assessing their bioavailability has been widely utilized in environmental risk assessments. This study employs oleic acid-embedded cellulose acetate membrane (OECAM) as a tool to determine the C of PCZ in water.

Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of the Fish Biomass Particle-Size Spectra in the Shandong Province Area of the Yellow River.

Based on the data from a continuous fishery resource survey conducted in the Shandong province area of the Yellow River from the summer and autumn of 2022 to the winter and spring of 2023, this study constructed fish biomass particle-size spectra. It compared and analyzed the differences in the characteristics of the fish biomass particle-size spectrum parameters across four different seasons in various survey areas. The results indicated that the fish biomass particle-size spectra in the Shandong province area of the Yellow River exhibited significant seasonal and spatial variations.

A carboxymethyl chitosan /trans-2-hexenal Schiff's base gel with controlled density using dynamic imine bonds: pH-controlled release and extended duration.

The volatile secondary metabolite trans-2-hexenal (T2H), an aldehyde, exhibits potent antibacterial properties. However, its high volatility presents challenges in sustaining prolonged efficacy in agricultural applications. In this study, carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) was utilized to immobilize T2H via Schiff's base reaction, resulting in the preparation of polysaccharide supramolecular hydrogels with self-triggered and tunable multifunctionality.

Metabolomics and microbiomics revealed the combined effects of different-sized polystyrene microplastics and imidacloprid on earthworm intestinal health and function.

The coexistence of pesticides and plastic film residues in agricultural soils poses a significant threat to soil organisms due to their potential long-term contamination and combined toxic effects. Specifically, earthworms are at risk of simultaneously ingesting residual pesticides and microplastics, yet the impact of this combined exposure on their intestinal health and function remains poorly understood. In this study, earthworm (Eisenia fetida) were single and combined exposed to three particle sizes (10 μm, 500 μm, and 2 mm) of polyethylene microplastics (PE MPs) and imidacloprid (IMI) for 28 days, respectively.

A novel approach to managing facility airborne diseases: suppressing air pathogens with smoke aerosols generated from fungicide phase transition.

Background: Environmental microorganisms are major contributors to the development and spread of disease. Chemical disinfection can inhibit pathogens and play a preventive role against diseases. In agriculture, prolonging the floating time of chemical pesticides in the air has a positive effect on the control of airborne diseases.

Nutritional Status, Sex, and Ambient Temperature Modulate the Wingbeat Frequency of the Diamondback Moth .

The diamondback moth, L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a cosmopolitan horticultural pest that is undergoing a fast, climate-driven range expansion. Its wide geographic distribution, pest status, and high incidence of insecticide resistance are directly tied to long-distance migration.

Resistance Risk and Molecular Mechanism of Tomato Wilt Pathogen f. sp. to Pyraclostrobin.

Tomato wilt disease caused by f. sp. (Fol) results in a decrease in tomato yield and quality.

Covalent organic framework with donor-acceptor structure for rapid and sensitive photothermal sensing detection.

Given the serious harm caused by dietary intake of diethylstilbestrol (DES), it is urgent to explore rapid and sensitive DES sensing methods. In this work, a photothermal DES immunochromatography sensor based on covalent organic framework (COF) was constructed. The performance of COF in the field of photothermal sensing was systematically investigated for the first time.

Fate characteristics and risk quantification of cyflumetofen from tomato cultivation to processing based on large-scale applications.

Elucidating the fate characteristics of cyflumetofen and its main metabolite 2-TFMBA in tomato from cultivation to processing is crucial for safeguarding the environment and humans from hazardous effects. Cyflumetofen and 2-TFMBA could exist stably in tomato matrices for at least 343 days under frozen and dark conditions according to UHPLC-MS/MS, with a limit of quantitation of 0.001 mg/kg and retention time within 2.

Ecotoxicity and Risk to Zooplankton of a Novel Insecticide Used in Rice Paddies in a Simulated Ecosystem.

Diamide insecticides are widely used in rice paddies and pose a potential threat to aquatic organisms. However, the risk research related to their application in major rice-producing areas is very limited, especially mesocosm research to simulate the impact on aquatic ecosystems of long-term exposure, as well as exposure analysis based on local models and local scenarios. To assess potential risks from a novel diamide insecticide (tetrachlorantraniliprole) to aquatic nontarget organisms in the field over long-term exposure, an outdoor mesocosm study was performed, and the environmental concentrations were predicted by the multimedia paddy-pond model (TOPRICE).

The intrinsic resistance of Fusarium solani to the Fusarium-specific fungicide phenamacril is attributed to the natural variation of both T218S and K376M in myosin5.

Fusarium solani is responsible for causing root rot in various crops, resulting in wilting and eventual demise. Phenamacril, a specific inhibitor of myosin5 protein, has gained recognition as an effective fungicide against a broad spectrum of Fusarium species. It has been officially registered for controlling Fusarium diseases through spray application, root irrigation, and seed dipping.

Simultaneous determination of 27 pesticides in corn and cow matrices by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

In this paper, we developed a sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method to determine pesticide residues in plant matrices (corn, fresh corn, fresh corn stover, old corn stover, and corn silage) and animal matrices (beef, fat, milk, milk fat, kidney, liver, and cow stomach) quantitatively. Twenty-seven pesticides were extracted with acetonitrile from all plant and animal matrices separately and purified with a mixture of primary secondary amine (PSA) and graphitized carbon black (GCB) or octadecylsilane (C). The average recoveries of these compounds ranged from 60.