Overall Survival with Amivantamab-Lazertinib in -Mutated Advanced NSCLC.

Background: Previous results from this phase 3 trial showed that progression-free survival among participants with previously untreated (epidermal growth factor receptor)-mutated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was significantly improved with amivantamab-lazertinib as compared with osimertinib. Results of the protocol-specified final overall survival analysis in this trial have not been reported.

Methods: We randomly assigned, in a 2:2:1 ratio, participants with previously untreated -mutated (exon 19 deletion or L858R substitution), locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC to receive amivantamab-lazertinib, osimertinib, or lazertinib.

Hypoxia-conditioned cardiomyocyte-derived exosomes attenuate myocardial injury via ANP-mediated M2 macrophage polarization.

Exosomes derived from various cells have been demonstrated to contribute to cardiac repair by regulating macrophage polarization in myocardial infarction. However, how exosomes secreted from cardiomyocytes under hypoxia-ischemia (Hypo-Exo) regulate macrophage polarization in the local tissues is elusive. This study aimed to determine the underlying mechanisms by which Hypo-Exo polarized M2 macrophages.

KLF7 Blocks MKNK2/HIF-1 Pathway-Mediated M1 Microglia Polarization to Ameliorate Ischemic Stroke-Induced Neurological Injury.

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a common neurological disease with a significant financial burden but lacks effective drugs. This study sought to explore the mechanisms underlying MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 (MKNK2), a gene enriched in the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling, in IS-related neurological injury.

Methods: Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) models were used in vivo and in vitro.

A Mendelian randomization study of serum uric acid in metabolic and cardiovascular risk in East Asian populations.

Serum uric acid (SUA) levels are linked to increased disease vulnerability and higher recurrence rates; however, the exact causal relationships are elusive. Despite the prevalent hyperuricemia in East Asian populations, comprehensive research on the intricate association between SUA levels and disease is lacking. To address this, a study utilizing a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was conducted in East Asian populations.

Exploring the potential of egg yolk spheres to stabilize foams by pH shift: Structural, interfacial, and capillary foam effects.

The poor foaming of egg yolks has long plagued the food industry. In this study, four egg yolk spheres (EYS) were prepared via acid- and alkaline pH-shift methods, and the main factors affecting the variation in their foaming capacity were determined. The tertiary structure of EYS under hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions unfolded in acidic shifts, exposing many functional groups, and refolded in basic shifts and exposed hydrophobic side chains.

[The role of the HIF-1 signaling pathway in retinal ganglion cell injury caused by the (E50K) mutation].

To explore the role and mechanism of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway in rat retinal precursor R28 cell injury caused by the (E50K) mutation. This experimental study was conducted from November 2023 to October 2024. The retinas of 18-month-old wild-type (WT) mice and normal tension glaucoma mice with the (E50K) mutation were extracted for proteomic analysis.

A Novel Homozygous Nonsense Pathogenic Variant of the CPAMD8 Gene Associated With Congenital Microcoria.

Congenital microcoria (MCOR) is a rare inherited ocular disorder. Here, we describe a novel nonsense variant in the CPAMD8 gene in a patient with MCOR. We conducted a comprehensive clinical examination of a patient diagnosed with MCOR and performed whole-exome sequencing to identify potential pathogenic variants.

Single-cell transcriptome combined with genetic tracing reveals a roadmap of fibrosis formation during proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Ocular fibrosis, a severe consequence of excessive retinal wound healing, can lead to vision loss following retinal injury. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), a common form of ocular fibrosis, is a major cause of blindness, characterized by the formation of extensive fibrous proliferative membranes. Understanding the cellular origins of PVR-associated fibroblasts (PAFs) is essential to decipher the mechanisms of ocular wound healing.

Microglia Drive Peripapillary Vascular Density Reduction in Normal Tension Glaucoma by Regulating the Rpl17/Stat5b/Apoa1 Axis.

Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is a predominant subset of glaucoma in Asia and is characterized by glaucomatous optic neuropathy in the absence of elevated intraocular pressure. Alterations in retinal blood vessels are reported to be important mechanisms of glaucomatous optic nerve damage. Retinal peripapillary vascular density is assessed in patients with early stage NTG and OPTN (E50K) mutant mice and confirmed a similar reduction in retinal peripapillary vascular density in patients with NTG and model mice.

Ciprofol Regulates the Activity of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complex I During Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion by Targeting Flavin Mononucleotide: A Metabolomic Study.

Background And Purpose: Ciprofol, a novel intravenous anesthetic, has been shown to exert protective effects against ischemic stroke, a leading cause of death and disability; however, its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of ciprofol using metabolomics.

Methods: This study used a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model to simulate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI).

Outcomes of high BMI colorectal cancer patients with natural orifice specimen extraction surgery: a propensity-score matching study.

Background: Natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) is widely used for colorectal cancer. However, there is limited study regarding the outcomes of patients with high BMI who undergo NOSES surgery for colorectal cancer.

Methods: This retrospective study included 251 patients (including 205 Non-High BMI and 46 High BMI patients) who underwent NOSES for colorectal cancer between January 2013 and December 2018.

Activation of the PERK/MANF/STAT3 Pathway in Astrocytes Promotes Synaptic Remodeling and Neurological Recovery in the Acute Phase After Stroke in Mice.

Astrocytes play a crucial role in ensuring neuronal survival and function. In stroke, astrocytes trigger the unfolded protein response (UPR) to restore endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF), a newly identified endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced neurotrophic factor, attenuates cerebral ischemic injury by reducing inflammatory responses.

Construction of a deep - learning - based rehabilitation prediction model for lower-limb motor dysfunction after stroke using synchronous EEG-EMG and fMRI.

Objective: Construct a predictive model for rehabilitation outcomes in ischemic stroke patients 3 months post-stroke using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) images, as well as synchronized electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) time series data.

Methods: A total of 102 hemiplegic patients with ischemic stroke were recruited. Resting - state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans were carried out on all patients and 86 of them underwent simultaneous electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) examinations.

Cu(OH)PO@PAA Nanoparticles for Highly Effective Combination of Chemodynamic, Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapies Against Bladder Cancer.

Background: Due to the complex structure and variable microenvironment in the progression of bladder cancer, the efficacy of traditional treatment methods such as surgery and chemotherapy is limited. Tumor residual, recurrence and metastasis are still difficult to treat. The integration of diagnosis and treatment based on nanoparticles can offer the potential for precise tumor localization and real-time therapeutic monitoring.

Flavonoids in atopic dermatitis: mechanisms, delivery innovations, and translational strategies.

Objective: To provide a comprehensive narrative synthesis of recent advances in the pharmacological actions and therapeutic potential of natural flavonoids in atopic dermatitis (AD), with emphasis on their multi-target pharmacological effects across core pathological mechanisms. The review also addresses pharmacokinetic limitations, formulation challenges, delivery innovations, safety concerns, and emerging clinical evidence to inform translational research and therapeutic development.

Methods: This narrative review is based on a targeted literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink, covering English-language, peer-reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2025.

L.: a comprehensive review of its ethnomedicine, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical applications.

Background: L. has a long history of ethnomedicinal use for various ailments. This review focuses on the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects, and clinical applications of safflower, aiming to enhance current research in this field.

Nanotechnology and natural killer cell immunotherapy: synergistic approaches for precise immune system adjustment and targeted cancer treatment in gastrointestinal tumors.

Gastrointestina (GI) tumors are a major contributor to global cancer-related illness and death, marked by their rapid growth, late detection, and resistance to standard treatments. NK cells, key cytotoxic components of the innate immune system, show promise in immunotherapy due to their ability to target tumor cells without requiring antigen presentation. Nonetheless, their effectiveness against gastrointestinal tumors is constrained by issues such as insufficient tumor penetration, survival in the body, and suppression by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME).

Intelligent transdermal nanoparticles as synergizing advanced delivery systems for precision therapeutics.

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) represent a non-invasive approach to achieve controlled drug release through the skin barrier, offering stable plasma concentrations while avoiding gastrointestinal and hepatic metabolism. However, the skin barrier poses physical challenges, making it difficult for most drugs to penetrate deep tissues using TDDS. This review systematically summarizes the research progress in nanocarrier design, physical technology application, and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven TDDS optimization design aimed at overcoming the key problem of skin barrier penetration.

SERS technology in virus Detection: Advances, challenges, and future perspectives.

SERS has revolutionized viral detection with its high sensitivity and specificity. This review comprehensively explores the application progress, challenges, and future directions of SERS in viral detection. Firstly, the fundamental principles of SERS are introduced.

Acetone Gas Sensors for Noninvasive Diabetes Diagnosis: A Comprehensive Review.

The development of sensors for monitoring breath acetone, a key biomarker for ketosis in diabetes mellitus, represents a critical frontier in medical diagnostics, promising a painless alternative to invasive blood tests. This review provides a comprehensive and critical evaluation of the state-of-the-art in acetone gas sensing technologies, including chemiresistive, optical, electrochemical, conductometric, and microwave platforms. We focus specifically on recent breakthroughs driven by advanced materials, analyzing how novel nanostructures from two-dimensional (2D) materials such as MXenes to porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are engineered to push performance to clinically relevant parts-per-billion (ppb) sensitivity.

Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Electrocoagulation of Pathological Perforating Veins in the Treatment of Advanced Chronic Venous Insufficiency of the Lower Extremities: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided electrocoagulation for pathological perforating veins in advanced lower extremity chronic venous insufficiency.

Methods: This study enrolled 455 patients (497 affected limbs) with venous insufficiency. Pathological perforating veins (diameter ≥3.

SIRT1 as a potential target for age-related eye diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.

Age-related eye diseases (AREDs) are the leading cause of visual impairment in the elderly, affecting the structure of the anterior and posterior segments of the eye, significantly reducing the quality of life of patients, and even leading to irreversible blindness. Typical AREDs include age-related cataract (ARC), dry eye disease (DED), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy (DR), the global prevalence of which continues to rise, becoming a serious public health concern. SIRT1 is an NAD + dependent deacetylase, which plays an important physiological regulatory role in ocular tissues, mainly affecting gene expression and various cellular processes by regulating the acetylation status of substrate proteins.