High-quality whole genome data of .

A high-quality whole genome assembly of (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) was generated using PacBio HiFi sequencing technology. The assembly, constructed with hifiasm and refined by redundant sequences using Purge_dups, resulted in a genome size of 384.76 Mb with a contig N50 of 14.

Mediated Metabolic Resistance to Auxin Herbicide Quinclorac in .

poses a significant challenge to rice production, with herbicide resistance threatening agricultural output in South China. We investigated quinclorac resistance in populations in rice fields in the Hainan Province, identifying a metabolically resistant () population that exhibited faster metabolism compared with the susceptible () population. RNA-Seq revealed 18 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including two of the P450 family, four glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), six glycosyltransferases (GTs), one ABC transporter, and one hydrolase, that were upregulated in the biotype.

MoMkt1, a member of XPG/RAD2 nuclease family, regulates development and pathogenicity in .

XPG/RAD2 nuclease family plays a crucial role in DNA damage repair to maintain genomic integrity. However, the biological function of Mkt1, a member of the XPG/RAD2 nuclease family, remains unclear in . In this study, we identified and characterized the biological functions of MoMkt1.

Nighttime warming impedes invasion of Chromolaena odorata into tropical coral islands.

Nighttime warming, resulted from asymmetric global warming, is recognized as narrow diurnal temperature range (DTR). However, consensus on the effects of reduced DTR on plant's invasion remains elusive. Tropical coral islands in China, characterized as narrow DTR, are more and more intensively affected by plant invasion.

Comparative Analysis of Fecal Microbiota and Metabolomic Profiles in Male and Female Leizhou Goats Offered a 10% Crude Protein Diet Among Four Energy Levels.

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining the host's metabolism and can influence the host's productivity. Both dietary composition and gender have distinct effects on the composition of the gut microbiota. Therefore, to investigate the differences in the structure and function of the gut microbiota between female and male goats, we analyzed their fecal microbiota and metabolites when fed a 10% crude protein diet at four different energy levels-7.

Binary combined toxicity of neonicotinoids and co-existing pollutants to non-target invertebrates: A meta-analysis.

Mixture exposures dominate real-world environmental settings, yet the toxic impacts of neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs), one of the most widely used pesticide classes, when combined with co-occurring pollutants on non-target invertebrates remain poorly synthesized. This extensive global analysis integrated data from 47 studies retrieved via Web of Science, PubMed, and CNKI, covering 1706 toxicity endpoint records standardized by toxicological parameters (e.g.

Agave striata transcriptome reveals candidate cellulose synthase A genes involved in sisal cellulose biosynthesis.

Agave striata is a typical ornamental agave species that can be used as a wild genotype to explore the domestication of agronomic traits in A. tequilana and A. H11648.

HiMT: An integrative toolkit for assembling organelle genomes using HiFi reads.

Chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes, which coexist with the nuclear genome, are extensively used in gene function studies, evolutionary analyses, and targeted breeding. However, assembling these organelle genomes remains challenging due to frequent recombination events and abundant repetitive sequences. Although some assembly tools are available, many are difficult to install or require extensive parameter tuning and computational resources.

Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Causing Stem Gummosis Disease in Rubber Trees and Its Chemical Control Strategies.

Rubber tree ( Muell. Arg.) is a major tropical cash crop in southern China, with Hainan and Yunnan provinces being the main planting areas.

Combination of the Parasitoid Walker and Chemical Pesticides for the Control of (Coquillett).

Walker, a pupal parasitoid of the alien invasive pest (Coquillett), causes 33% host mortality. This study assessed whether combining with insecticides (abamectin, thiamethoxam, nitenpyram, emamectin benzoate, or beta-cypermethrin)-all effective against -could enhance control efficacy. Among these, abamectin was the least toxic to adult .

Microbial composition, assembly, and functional characteristics of generalized and specialized subcommunities under flooded paddy fields: long-term pesticide versus non-pesticide models.

Background: The extensive application of pesticides in agricultural practices is known to affect microbial health and thus eco-multifunctionality in soil. However, previous studies have mainly focused on these effects on whole microbial community in dryland, without considering that in paddy fields under flooded condition, especially lacking the finer insights into subcommunities related to niche fitness.

Methods: To address this issue, the paddy fields, managed with (HP) and without pesticide application (HH) over 8 years, were selected.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Nucleotide-Binding Leucine-Rich Repeat Gene Families in Rubber Tree.

Anthracnose, caused by spp., significantly threats rubber trees globally. The nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein family constitutes one of the largest and most widespread classes of plant immune receptors.

Lipid Profiling of Four Guava Cultivars: A Multi-Dimensional Spatial Analysis.

This study aimed to reveal the lipid composition and distribution and characterize the lipid metabolism profile in the three distinct parts of four guava varieties with varying textures and colors using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. The four varieties, collected from a guava cultivation base in Danzhou City, Hainan Province, were "Zhenzhu" (white-fleshed hard-crispy guava, YBSL), "Bendi" (white-fleshed soft-waxy guava, RBSL), "Xiguahong" (red-fleshed hard-crispy guava, YHSL), and "Hongxin" (red-fleshed soft-waxy guava, RHSL). A total of 8242 lipids were detected, which were classified into four categories and 20 subcategories.

Bioaccumulation, Ecotoxicity, and Microbial Responses in Tadpoles Following Co-Exposure to Imidacloprid and Microplastics.

Agricultural organic pollutants have been identified as a key factor contributing to amphibian population decline, particularly during early developmental stages when tadpoles are frequently exposed to neonicotinoids (NEOs) and microplastics (MPs). In this study, tadpoles were exposed to imidacloprid (IMI: 0.045, 0.

Identification and potential of the hyperparasite Acremonium persicinum as biocontrol agent against coffee leaf rust.

Coffee leaf rust (CLR) caused by Hemileia vastatrix, has emerged as a growing threat to coffee production in China. This study focused on the identification and characterization of the hyperparasitic fungus Acremonium persicinum using integrated plant pathology and molecular biology approaches. The spore suspension of the fungal strain HY85 exhibited a 91.

Biological Characteristics and Fungicide Screening of Causing Leaf Spot on Banana in China.

Foliar diseases caused by various fungi severely affect the yield and quality of banana crops. This study was conducted to clarify the biological characteristics of (teleomorph: ), a pathogen reported in 2023 as a new etiological agent of leaf spot in the banana variety 'Pisang Mas' (, AA group) in Hainan Province, China, and to screen effective fungicides for its control. The results indicated that banana leaf extract agar (BLEA) and cornmeal agar (CMA) were the best media for the growth and sporulation of the pathogen, respectively.

Reproductive disruption induced by Beauveria bassiana in Frankliniella occidentalis as a potential long-term biocontrol strategy.

Frankliniella occidentalis (WFT) has a haplodiploid sex determination system, enabling sexual and parthenogenetic reproduction, leading to rapid population growth and posing a serious threat to global agriculture. The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is an important biocontrol agent available for use against WFT; however, previous research has primarily focused on its acute lethal effects, with limited attention to its long-term impacts on the thrips' reproductive capacity. In this study, we investigated three key reproductive changes in WFT following infection by B.

Identification and Comparative Analysis of Pathogenic Characteristics of Two Bacterial Diseases in Bananas Caused by spp.

Banana, a globally significant economic fruit, faces major production constraints due to pests and diseases. Recently, banana fruit rot and rachis rot have emerged in several banana plantations across Guangxi, China. This study aims to identify the pathogens of the diseases and investigate their potential interrelations.

Ustilaginoidin D Induces Acute Toxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Mice.

Ustilaginoidin D is a type of bis-naphtho-γ-pyrone mycotoxin produced by Ustilaginoidea virens, the causal agent of rice false smut. Although previous studies have demonstrated the inhibitory effect of ustilaginoidin D on ATP synthesis and cancer cell growth in mice, its specific health risks remain unclear. Here, we reveal that ustilaginoidin D is highly toxic to mice with an LD value of 213 mg /kg·bw.

Isolate X5 Stimulates the Resistance of Resistant and Susceptible Banana Varieties to Foc Through Different Mechanisms.

Banana wilt disease is an important disease in banana production, causing significant losses. Herein, we investigated the mechanism by which isolate X5 enhances the resistance of different resistant banana cultivars to f. sp.

Herbicidal activity and biochemical characteristics of the natural product australol and preparation of an australol-based emulsifiable concentrate.

Background: Botanical herbicides play a crucial role in agricultural sustainability and environmental protection. This study elucidated the herbicidal activity and biochemical characteristics of australol, and successfully developed an australol-based emulsifiable concentrate (EC). The research lays the foundation for the development and application of novel botanical herbicides.

Optimization of spray operation parameters of unmanned aerial vehicle confers adequate levels of control of fall armyworm ().

Introduction: The fall armyworm (FAW), , is a serious threat to maize production. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) represent a promising method for controlling FAW outbreaks. Given that FAW larvae primarily feed inside the maize whorl, we hypothesized that the efficacy of insecticide application depends on droplet density and coverage rate on the upper maize canopy.

Auxin response factor 3 (EcARF3) regulates ethylene and ABA biosynthesis and is involved in resistance to synthetic auxin herbicides in Echinochloa crus-galli.

The various components of the auxin signal transduction pathways, including auxin receptors, signal transduction processes, and physiological reactions (such as the overproduction of ethylene and abscisic acid, ABA), contribute to weed resistance to synthetic auxin herbicides. Auxin receptors and their physiological reactions have been well documented; however, research on signal transduction processes associated with herbicide resistance remains limited. In this study, we identified the candidate gene EcARF3, a transcription factor that is upregulated following treatment with florpyrauxifen-benzyl in the susceptible (S) population of Echinochloa crus-galli, whereas its expression remained relatively unchanged in the resistant (R) population.

Microplastic-induced alterations in growth and microecology of mulberry seedlings: Implications for sustainable forest-soil systems.

This study investigated the ecotoxicological effects of polyethylene (PE) and polylactic acid (PLA) microplastics (MPs) on mulberry growth and soil-microbe interactions through controlled pot experiments (0.1 % and 1 % concentrations). PE exposure significantly increased mulberry height by 16 % (0.

Thiolutin Is a Potential Fungicide for Controlling and Its Mechanistic Study.

is a destructive plant pathogen that causes significant agricultural losses, with current chemical control strategies leading to resistance and environmental concerns. This study identified thiolutin, a dithiopyrrolone antibiotic from ASG80, as a potent antifungal agent against multiple species. Thiolutin exhibited strong in vitro activity, with an EC value of 0.