The impact of land use change on ecosystem services in the Huaihai economic zone for evaluation and Spatiotemporal characterization.

A comprehensive understanding of the impact of land use change on ecosystem services is essential for regional sustainable development. This study aims to enhance the accuracy of ecosystem service value (ESV) assessment by accounting for regional differences and to propose a novel approach for quantifying the relationship between land use change and ecosystem services. Based on land use data from the Huaihai Economic Zone (HEZ) during 1995-2020, spatially adjusted equivalence factors were employed to estimate ESV, while the coefficient of improved cross sensitivity (CICS) was developed to measure the linkage between land use and ESV.

Roof collapse in a retained top coal roadway induced by high-energy seismic events: implications from a case study.

Fully mechanized top-coal caving inevitably results in a certain thickness of retained coal above the roadway, which compromises roof stability and increases the difficulty of roof management. This study presents a dynamic disaster phenomenon in the Binchang mining area of China, where high-energy seismic events (HESEs) induced roof collapse in roadways with retained top coal. Disaster characteristic analysis indicates that in high-stress zones, the support system in roadways with retained top coal gradually deteriorates under mining-induced stress loading, and HESEs lead to roof support failure and roof collapse.

Mechanistically Engineered Heterojunction From Spent LFP for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis.

The large-scale retirement of LiFePO (LFP) batteries demands sustainable strategies for material recovery and functional repurposing. However, the inert micrometer-scale morphology and electronically stable lattice of spent LFP hinder its direct catalytic reuse. Herein, we present a structure-guided strategy that upcycles spent LFP into a high-performance oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst.

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) interpretation of backfill pipeline system damage caused by paste-like slurry in water hammers.

Paste-like slurry which made up of gangue particles and fly ash consolidated in the goaf could effectively reduce surface subsidence and improve resource recovery. The technology relies on efficient transport. However, there are many pipeline explosion accidents caused by water hammer due to rapid valve closure.

Determinant factors of Chief Data Officer adoption in government: A topic model and structural equation modelling approach.

With the generation of massive amounts of data, the Chief Data Officer (CDO) has been introduced in governments worldwide. Existing research on CDO is quite limited and primarily focuses on general descriptions of CDO. However, there is little research exploring the underlying reasons for the establishment of the CDO in government.

Research on a Graded Self-Powered Vibration Sensor for Geological Drilling.

Downhole vibration measurement is a key link for optimizing drilling parameters and ensuring operational safety; however, powering conventional vibration sensors reduces drilling efficiency and increases drilling costs. This paper introduces a triboelectric nanogenerator-based, graded, and self-powered vibration sensor designed for geological drilling, enabling the concurrent measurement of vibration frequency and amplitude. Experimental results show that the sensor has a measurement range for vibration frequency from 0 Hz to 11 Hz and can measure amplitude thresholds of 10 mm, 25 mm, 40 mm, and 55 mm.

Mine-DW-Fusion: BEV Multiscale-Enhanced Fusion Object-Detection Model for Underground Coal Mine Based on Dynamic Weight Adjustment.

Environmental perception is crucial for achieving autonomous driving of auxiliary haulage vehicles in underground coal mines. The complex underground environment and working conditions, such as dust pollution, uneven lighting, and sensor data abnormalities, pose challenges to multimodal fusion perception. These challenges include: (1) the lack of a reasonable and effective method for evaluating the reliability of different modality data; (2) the absence of in-depth fusion methods for different modality data that can handle sensor failures; and (3) the lack of a multimodal dataset for underground coal mines to support model training.

Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Dynamic Rhombus Transformation and Digital Tube Model.

With the rapid advancement of information technology, as critical information carriers, images are confronted with significant security risks. To ensure the image security, this paper proposes an image encryption algorithm based on a dynamic rhombus transformation and digital tube model. Firstly, a two-dimensional hyper-chaotic system is constructed by combining the Sine map, Cubic map and May map.

A Fusion of Entropy-Enhanced Image Processing and Improved YOLOv8 for Smoke Recognition in Mine Fires.

Smoke appears earlier than flames, so image-based fire monitoring techniques mainly focus on the detection of smoke, which is regarded as one of the effective strategies for preventing the spread of initial fires that eventually evolve into serious fires. Smoke monitoring in mine fires faces serious challenges: the underground environment is complex, with smoke and backgrounds being highly integrated and visual features being blurred, which makes it difficult for existing image-based monitoring techniques to meet the actual needs in terms of accuracy and robustness. The conventional ground-based methods are directly used in the underground with a high rate of missed detection and false detection.

A Study on the Negative Friction Mechanisms in Piles Within Recycled Dredged Waste Fills.

Green and low-carbon filling materials, primarily composed of dredged waste fills, are commonly used in the foundation of coastal highways. These materials possess high water content and under-consolidation characteristics, which can lead to differential settlement between piles and the surrounding environment. However, mechanical models of negative friction in piles within recycled dredged waste fills are insufficiently developed and presented.

Design of Prefabricated Concrete-Filled Steel Pipe Columns for Pile Beam Arch Subway Stations Based on Carbon Emission Optimization.

With the rapid expansion of underground rail transit construction in China, the high carbon emissions associated with subway tunnels and stations have become an increasing concern. This study systematically examines the carbon emissions of prefabricated concrete-filled steel pipe columns (PCSPCs) during the construction phase of a Beijing subway station built via the pile beam arch (PBA) method, applying the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology as a case study. An analytical framework for the synergistic optimization of carbon emissions and costs was developed.

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of a High Temperature Stable Magnetorheological Fluid with Shear-Thinning Resistance.

Magnetorheological fluid exhibits shear-thinning behavior when subjected to high temperature environments exceeding 100 °C, which will significantly compromise the operational stability and reliability of the associated mechanical systems. To enhance the performance of magnetorheological fluid, this study selects soft magnetic particles, base carrier fluid, and surfactants based on their resistance to high temperatures and shear-thinning effects. A novel magnetorheological fluid with enhanced thermal stability and shear stability is subsequently developed by carefully selecting flake-shaped carbonyl iron powder, dimethyl silicone oil, and surfactant exhibiting both sedimentation stability and high temperature resistance.

Study on Compression Properties and Construction Applications of Loess Filling Materials for High Embankments Along G85 Expressway in Eastern Gansu Province.

Based on the G85 high-fill subgrade project in east Gansu Province, this study conducts one-dimensional compression tests in the laboratory on both disturbed and in situ-compacted loess. Through the combination of the test results of remolded soil, compaction standards for each layer of the subgrade fill are established, and quality inspections of the compacted subgrade are performed. The experimental results demonstrate that the compression deformation of remolded loess exhibits a positive correlation with compaction degree and a negative correlation with moisture content.

Discovery of Tricyclic Aromatic Polyketides Reveals Hidden Chain-Length Flexibility in Type II Polyketide Synthases.

Type II polyketide synthases (PKSs) collectively generate polyketide intermediates of varying chain lengths, which undergo cyclization and further tailoring to produce structurally diverse aromatic polyketides. The length of the polyketide chain is a critical factor shaping the core scaffold of the final product. However, individual type II PKSs typically produce intermediates with a fixed chain length, thereby limiting the structural diversity accessible from a single biosynthetic system.

Multidimensional factors of depressive symptoms among Chinese undergraduate students: a cross-sectional study using binary logistic regression.

Introduction: This cross-sectional study investigates the interplay of lifestyle, behavioral, and psychosocial factors in predicting depressive symptoms among Chinese college students (N=508) using binary logistic regression.

Methods: Participants were recruited from four geographically diverse provinces (Eastern: Shandong; Western: Shaanxi, Sichuan; Southern: Hainan) across 8 universities (5 comprehensive universities, 3 specialized institutions), with balanced urban (n=245, 48.22%) and rural (n=263, 51.

Silicon Phthalocyanine-Engineered Ammonium Cations for Heterointerface Reinforcement toward Thermally Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.

Passivation treatment for perovskite films has constituted an indispensable process in fabricating high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs), yet the degradation or dynamic evolution of passivation layers under external stimuli persists as a critical bottleneck impeding commercialization. Here, we develop a silicon phthalocyanine-engineered ammonium cation (SiPc(4HTy)) that enables perovskite films to resist degradation under thermal stress and meanwhile reinforces the related heterointerfaces in PSCs. The surface passivation strategy based on SiPc(4HTy) efficiently reduces surface defects of perovskite films, optimizes energy level alignment, and suppresses ion diffusion, without relying on the formation of two-dimensional perovskite passivation layers.

Lightweight Diffusion Models Based on Multi-Objective Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search.

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in image generation, image super-resolution, and text-to-image synthesis. Despite their effectiveness, they face key challenges, notably long inference time and complex architectures that incur high computational costs. While various methods have been proposed to reduce inference steps and accelerate computation, the optimization of diffusion model architectures has received comparatively limited attention.

Ozone-coupled photocatalytic HO synthesis via Mn/Ce bimetallic metal organic framework: synergistic catalysis and sacrificial agent-free efficiency.

Typically, photocatalytic HO synthesis faces efficiency limitations due to sacrificial agent dependence and sluggish oxygen activation. Herein, we present, for the first time, an ozone-coupled bimetallic MIL-100(MnCe) photocatalytic approach to HO synthesis. This novel strategy yields an impressive 1602 μmol·g·h HO in pure water without sacrificial agents.

Optimizing rural building design with an intelligent framework integrating BES ANN and MCDM.

This study addresses the multi-objective trade-offs among energy consumption, thermal comfort, and construction cost in rural buildings by proposing a performance optimization framework that integrates Building Energy Simulation (BES), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM). The method combines DesignBuilder modeling with JePlus batch simulations, incorporates the Morris method for key parameter sensitivity analysis, and utilizes MATLAB to construct an ANN-based prediction model. The TOPSIS approach is then used to select the optimal design solution.

Active middle ear implants-Enhanced efficiency of oval window stimulation with larger piston size.

Introduction: Direct piston-stimulation of the oval window with a middle ear implant, following a stapedotomy or stapedectomy, is one treatment option for patients with otosclerosis. Here, we experimentally investigated whether increasing the surface area of the actuated piston enhances transmission efficiency in oval window (OW) stimulation.

Methods: Fresh-frozen human cadaveric temporal bones (N = 14) were used to evaluate the output of different oval window couplers (OWCs) of A = 0.

Toxicity Characterization, Detection and Remediation of Contaminants in Soils and Groundwater.

Soil and groundwater contamination remains a critical environmental and public health challenge worldwide [...

Research on Robot Obstacle Avoidance and Generalization Methods Based on Fusion Policy Transfer Learning.

In nature, organisms often rely on the integration of local sensory information and prior experience to flexibly adapt to complex and dynamic environments, enabling efficient path selection. This bio-inspired mechanism of perception and behavioral adjustment provides important insights for path planning in mobile robots operating under uncertainty. In recent years, the introduction of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has empowered mobile robots to autonomously learn navigation strategies through interaction with the environment, allowing them to identify obstacle distributions and perform path planning even in unknown scenarios.

PEDOT-Modified Double-Layer Ni/Cobalt Hydroxide for Enhancing the Detection of HO in Human Sweat.

In order to design an electrochemical sensor for real-time monitoring of the hydrogen peroxide (HO) concentration level in human sweat, a sensitive electrochemical sensor based on double-layer Ni-Co(OH) decorated carbon cloth (CC) with a PEDOT sensitization layer (CC/Ni-Co(OH)/Ni-Co(OH)@PEDOT (CNNP)) has been constructed. By increasing the active surface area (13.806→43.

Learning instrumental variable representation for debiasing in recommender systems.

Recommender systems are essential for filtering content to match user preferences. However, traditional recommender systems often suffer from biases inherent in the data, such as popularity bias. These biases, particularly those stemming from latent confounders, can result in inaccurate recommendations and reduce both the diversity and effectiveness of the system.

In Situ Construction of a High-Entropy Perovskite Based Tri-Phase Composite Electrode toward Efficient Reversible Solid Oxide Cells.

Reversible solid oxide cells (R-SOCs) are promising for energy applications but face limitations due to poor durability and slow oxygen-reduction/evolution reactions at air electrodes. Here, a high-entropy perovskite-based (HEP) tri-phase composite, (LaSrPrBaCe)CoO, comprising an A-site deficient LaSrPrBaCeCoO, doped-CeO, and CoO phases are presented. The HEP phase provides catalytic sites and robust frameworks, the doped-CeO phase enhances oxygen-ion transport; and the CoO nanoparticles offer additional active sites.