Antigenic and structural insights into a Henipavirus attachment glycoprotein.

The novel henipavirus, Langya henipavirus (LayV), was identified in China in 2022. The invasion of host cells by the henipavirus is facilitated through the interaction between viral attachment (G) and fusion (F) glycoproteins with receptors on the cell surface. The G proteins of LayV and Mojiang virus (MojV) exhibit high amino acid homology (86%), while they are located in a unique evolutionary clade within the Henipavirus genus.

EBAMP: An efficient de novo broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide discovery framework.

De novo design of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is challenging due to the vast combinatorial space and unknown mechanisms. We propose EBAMP, a generative-discriminative framework for de novo broad-spectrum AMP design targeting bacteria and fungi. EBAMP combines a Transformer-based generative model with advanced feature-based screening to explore peptide space and select multiobjective candidates.

LncRNA ADAMTS9-AS1 regulates the proliferation, migration, and invasion of esophageal cancer cells via miR-575/ CADM2.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) ranks among the most lethal malignant neoplasms globally, representing a significant risk to public health.

Objectives: This study investigates the impact of lncRNA ADAMTS9-AS1 on the function of ESCC cells by targeting and regulating miR-575/CADM2 axis.

Materials And Methods: qPCR was employed to assess the expression of ADAMTS9-AS1, miR-575, and CADM2 in ESCC tissues and cells.

Molecular Epidemiology and Genomic Insights into Enterobacter cloacae Complex Co-Harboring bla and mcr: Implications for Resistance Gene Transmission.

Objective: This study aims to systematically investigate the molecular epidemiology and genomic characteristics of Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) strains globally harboring bla and mcr, as well as the co-existence of drug resistance genes. The goal is to provide insights and recommendations for monitoring clinical drug-resistant strains and super-resistant plasmids.

Methods: This study analyzed 281 ECC isolates harboring both bla and mcr, obtained from NCBI GenBank database (2003-2024) with whole-genome sequencing data.

An engineered chimeric ACE2-HR2 peptide exhibits potent and broad-spectrum activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants.

The persistent circulation of SARS-CoV-2 and limited efficacy of current vaccines in preventing viral transmission underscore the critical need for broad-spectrum antivirals. Here, we report a novel engineering strategy to develop A3M6L35HR2 (FL), a cholesterol-free recombinant peptide derived from our previously reported A1L35HR2, by incorporating an optimized angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-mimetic peptide A3M6 with six residue mutations. A3M6L35HR2 (FL) exhibited superior inhibitory potency against diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants with IC from 1.

Single amino acid substitution in Hendra virus attachment glycoprotein induces cross-neutralizing antibodies against Nipah virus.

Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV) are highly pathogenic henipaviruses within the Paramyxoviridae family, causing severe respiratory and neurological diseases in humans and animals with fatality rates up to 75%, and no licensed human vaccines or therapeutics. In this study, we identified a unique vulnerable epitope on the NiV attachment glycoprotein (G) recognized by the potent neutralizing antibody 14F8, which targets a receptor-binding site and neutralizes NiV effectively. Using the 2.

Glycosylated SARS-CoV-2 RBD Antigens Expressed in Glycoengineered Yeast Induce Strong Immune Responses Through High Antigen-Alum Adsorption.

Glycosylation plays a pivotal role in regulating the functions and immunogenicity of antigens. Targeting the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein (S protein) of SARS-CoV-2, we examined the impact of different glycoforms on RBD antigen immunogenicity and the underlying mechanisms. IgG-specific antibody titers and pseudovirus neutralization were compared in mice immunized with RBD antigens bearing different glycoforms, which were prepared using glycoengineering-capable and mammalian cell expression systems with distinct glycosylation pathways.

Bispecific antibody engineered from two non-protective antibodies confers full protection against anthrax toxin through inhibition of PA83 cleavage.

Anthrax is a highly contagious zoonotic disease, posing a great threat to human life and health. Protective antibodies against anthrax protective antigens (PA) can play a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of anthrax infections. However, the functions and mechanisms of the large number of non-protective antibodies elicited during the infection or vaccination of anthrax have not been clearly understood.

A Novel Sensitive Recombinase-Aided Amplification Integrated Test Strip for in Milk via Dual Gene Probes.

is the main spoilage bacterium in milk, and its proliferation is one of the factors leading to the deterioration of the quality of raw milk. In this study, a rapid detection system for was developed based on recombinase-aided amplification combined with a test strip (RAA-TS), which contained a double test line (DTL) targeting the virulence gene of and the housekeeping gene of . Visual observation could detect (50 CFU/mL) and (250 CFU/mL) within 90 min, including sample pretreatment and RAA reaction and detection steps.

METTL14 Enhances Anti-Tumor Immunity through m6A-dependent loss of PD-1.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications can impact immune responses by regulating different target genes. Here, we demonstrated that the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) gene PDCD1 undergoes m6A modification, which subsequently impacts T cell function. METTL14 mediated PDCD1 downregulation in T cells by promoting m6A-dependent destabilization of PDCD1 mRNA, a process mediated by YTHDF1/2/3.

Evolution, dissemination, and genetic dynamics of the carbapenem resistance gene in China.

Background: , which encodes a metallo-β-lactamase that can hydrolyze most β-lactam antibiotics, has become a serious public health concern in China. It is crucial to investigate the evolution, dissemination, and genetic dynamics of to develop potential strategies to control the proliferation of .

Methods: In this study, we collected 1021 -positive isolates, which features 67 new genomes from our laboratory and 954 genomes from NCBI.

Flu-CNN: identifying host specificity of Influenza A virus using convolutional networks.

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) have historically posed significant public health threats, causing severe pandemics. Viral host specificity is typically constrained by host barriers, limiting the range of species that can be infected. However, these barriers are not absolute, and occasionally, cross-species transmission occurs, leading to human outbreaks.

Genetic characteristics of rotavirus a in Shenzhen and Zhuhai, China, 2020-2023.

Background: Rotavirus A group (RVA) is a leading cause of viral diarrhea, posing a substantial economic and public health burden. Compared to other enteric viruses, RVA possesses diverse genetic mechanisms, making it more challenging to control and prevent. Moreover, surveillance and evolutionary studies on RVA remain limited in Southern China.

Palmitoylation: an emerging therapeutic target bridging physiology and disease.

Palmitoylation is a reversible post-translational lipid modification of proteins, catalyzed by the Zinc finger DHHC domain-containing (ZDHHC) family of palmitoyltransferases. Palmitoylation plays a pivotal role in regulating localization, stability, trafficking, and interactions, thereby contributing to a wide range of cellular processes. Dysregulation of palmitoylation has been implicated in numerous pathological conditions, including metabolic disorders, muscular diseases, mitochondrial disorders, cancer, and neurodegeneration.

Real-time monitoring of secretory protein traffic for investigating trafficking regulators of ACE2 in living cells.

The cellular secretory pathway is a fundamental physiological process; yet a precise, efficient, and quantitative method for monitoring this process remains seldom explored. In this study, we achieved real-time monitoring of the secretion of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and programmed death-ligand 1 by integrating the HiBiT tag with the classic Retention Using Selective Hooks system. Through this strategy, we identified and validated Niemann-Pick complex 1 as a lysosomal adaptor involved in the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 trafficking process.

Immunogenicity of differentially glycosylated Marburg virus glycoproteins expressed in mammalian and insect cells.

Marburg virus (MARV) infection can cause severe disease, and there is no available vaccine or therapeutic method. Research into potential vaccine design is focused on the glycoprotein (GP), which mediates the adherence and invasion process of the virus. However, it is unclear whether the degree of GP glycosylation is associated with vaccine efficacy.

Safety and Immunogenicity of aerosolized adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccine and intramuscular mRNA vaccine bivalent boosters: a randomized open-label clinical trial.

Both SARS-CoV-2 mRNA and mucosal vaccines induce protective immunity against COVID-19 but showed different immune profiles. We conducted a longitudinal head-to-head analysis of the safety and immunogenicity of the aerosolized adenovirus-vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. 450 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned into three groups to be vaccinated with an aerosolized Ad5-vectored bivalent vaccine (wild-type and BA.

A cause fusion framework with information bottleneck for conversational causal emotion entailment.

Conversational Causal Emotion Entailment (CEE) aims to identify the underlying causes or triggers of a particular emotion expressed within a dialogue. Conversations often involve multiple cause utterances for an emotion, making the interconnections between causes critical in addition to the emotion-cause links. Regrettably, existing approaches frequently overlook the inter-cause relationships.

Extracellular vesicle-mediated delivery of mitochondrial circRNA MTCO2 protects against cerebral ischemia by modulating mPTP-dependent ferroptosis.

Ischemic stroke remains a major cause of mortality and long-term disability, with few effective neuroprotective treatments currently available. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death marked by lipid peroxidation, is increasingly recognized as a driver of neuronal damage. However, the mitochondrial mechanisms linking ischemia to ferroptosis remain poorly defined.

Retinal Epithelial Neutralization Assay Optimizes AAV Serotype Selection for Ocular Gene Therapy.

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors face a critical translational challenge in ocular gene therapy due to pre-existing neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) whose seroprevalence limits patient eligibility. Standard NAb detection using non-ocular cell models (Human Embryonic Kidney 293T) may inadequately predict retinal transduction inhibition due to cell type-related variations in receptor usage and immunogenicity. This study established parallel NAb detection platforms utilizing human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells and standard 293T cells to systematically evaluate clinical serum samples against ophthalmologically relevant AAV serotypes (2, 5, 8, 9) via luciferase reporter-based transduction inhibition assays.

Characterization of an mRNA-Encoded Antibody Against Henipavirus.

Nipah and Hendra viruses are lethal zoonotic pathogens with no approved vaccines or therapeutics. mRNA produced via in vitro transcription enables endogenous protein expression and cost reduction. Here, we systematically screened natural and artificial untranslated regions (UTRs) and identified an optimal combination for expressing henipavirus-neutralizing antibody 1E5.

The GOLM1-ACLY pathway regulates macrophage-secreted EFEMP1 via H3K27ac modifications to drive tumor progression.

Background: Macrophages play crucial regulatory roles within the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and significantly influence tumor progression. GOLM1 has been identified as being closely associated with a variety of cancers. Nevertheless, the role of GOLM1 in macrophages on tumor progression remains unknown.

Phenotypic, transcriptomic and metabolomic changes in Klebsiella pneumoniae after long term exposure to simulated microgravity.

Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) has been detected on space stations. Microgravity is a key environmental factor in spaceflight, however, research on the phenotypic, genetic, and metabolic changes K.

Protection against lethal HAdV-4 challenge in STAT1 mice by novel human monoclonal antibodies.

Introduction: Human adenovirus serotype 4 (HAdV-4) is an epidemic pathogen associated with severe acute respiratory disease (ARD) in both pediatric and adult populations. Currently, no available vaccine or therapeutic interventions specifically targeting adenoviruses are available.

Methods: In this study, we isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HAdV-4 infected donors and generated fully human monoclonal antibodies using single-cell PCR technology.