Genetic characteristics of rotavirus a in Shenzhen and Zhuhai, China, 2020-2023.

Background: Rotavirus A group (RVA) is a leading cause of viral diarrhea, posing a substantial economic and public health burden. Compared to other enteric viruses, RVA possesses diverse genetic mechanisms, making it more challenging to control and prevent. Moreover, surveillance and evolutionary studies on RVA remain limited in Southern China.

Expert-guided StyleGAN2 image generation elevates AI diagnostic accuracy for maxillary sinus lesions.

Background: The progress of artificial intelligence (AI) research in dental medicine is hindered by data acquisition challenges and imbalanced distributions. These problems are especially apparent when planning to develop AI-based diagnostic or analytic tools for various lesions, such as maxillary sinus lesions (MSL) including mucosal thickening and polypoid lesions. Traditional unsupervised generative models struggle to simultaneously control the image realism, diversity, and lesion-type specificity.

The role of respiration metabolism in dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and disodium succinate regulating the pulp breakdown occurrence of fresh longan ( Lour.) during storage.

Compared to control longan, on day 6, DCC-treated longan presented 18 %, 2 %, 15 %, 34 %, 21 %, 26 % and 10 % higher levels of pulp breakdown index, fruit respiration rate, PGI, SDH, NAD, NADH and QH, respectively. Meanwhile, DCC-treated longan displayed 25 %, 5 %, 8 % and 12 % higher activities of respiratory terminal oxidases including CCO, AOX, PPO and AAO, respectively. However, DCC-treated longan presented 9 %, 27 %, 24 %, 25 % and 16 % lower levels of NADK, G-6-PDH + 6-PGDH, NADP, NADPH and Q, respectively.

METTL3 suppressing SLC31A1 mA modification regulates trophoblast migration and invasion.

Objective: This article aims to explore the mechanism of METTL3-mediated SLC31A1 N6-methyladenosine (mA) modification affecting trophoblast migration and invasion in preeclampsia (PE).

Methods: The PE model was established using N-nitro-arginine methyl ester induction. Blood pressure was measured on gestation day (GD) 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20, and urine protein concentration on the day before mating and GD 20.

Targeting the ceramidase ACER3 attenuates cholestasis in mice by mitigating bile acid overload via unsaturated ceramide-mediated LXRβ signaling transduction.

Bile acid overload critically drives the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver injury (CLI). While ceramide metabolism has garnered increasing interest in liver research, the role of ceramides in CLI remains unclear. This study investigates the function of alkaline ceramidase 3 (ACER3)-catalyzed hydrolysis of unsaturated ceramides in CLI.

Kadozan Chitosan Formulation Enhances Postharvest Quality of Fresh Indian Jujube Fruit.

Indian jujube fruit is prone to perishing, resulting in a shorter shelf life after harvest. Kadozan is a liquid chitosan formulation that has a significant effect on fruit preservation. In order to explore its efficacy, the quality, and storability indicators of Indian jujube fruit were evaluated during storage at 15 ± 1 °C for 18 days.

Day 3 neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and its derived indices predict 90-day poor outcomes following mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Objective: To investigate the dynamic changes in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and its derived indices following mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and evaluate their predictive value for prognosis.

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included AIS patients who underwent MT at Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2018 to February 2024. Peripheral blood samples were collected on admission, day 1, and day 3 after MT to determine the NLR, derived NLR (dNLR), and neutrophil-monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (NMLR).

"Osteo-Organogenesis Niche" Hyaluronic Acid Engineered Materials Directing Re-Osteo-Organogenesis via Manipulating Macrophage CD44-MAPK/ERK-ETV1/5-MRC1 Axis.

The strategy of re-organogenesis provides an optimal framework for restoring complex organ structures and functions in adult damage. While the focus has often been on restoring organogenesis stem cells, there is limited investigations of reverting the environmental niche to support this approach. The guiding principle of "Nature selects the fittest to survive" drives the intricate dynamic changes in cellular events within the niche environment, especially through immune surveillance.

Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and disodium succinate induce the change of energy metabolism in relation to longan pulp breakdown.

Compared to control longan, DCC-treated longan had higher pulp breakdown index, lower ATP, ADP and EC levels, and lower H, Ca and Mg-ATPase activities. On day 6, DCC-treated longan presented 18% higher pulp breakdown index, with 44%, 9% and 31% lower levels of ATP, ADP and EC, respectively. Additionally, DCC-treated longan showed 29%, 53%, 37% lower activity of H-ATPase, 34%, 54%, 4% lower activity of Ca-ATPase, and 13%, 21%, 6% lower activity of Mg-ATPase in the membranes of plasma, vacuole, and mitochondria, respectively.

DNP and ATP modulate the pulp softening and breakdown in fresh longan by acting on the antioxidant system and the metabolisms of membrane lipids and cell wall polysaccharides.

Compared to the control longan, DNP treatment elevated pulp breakdown index, reduced the values of pulp firmness, CSP, ISP, cellulose, and hemicellulose by enhancing the activities of PE, PG, Cx, XET, and β-Gal. Additionally, DNP treatment increased the levels of PLD, lipase, LOX, PA, and SFA, and decreased the values of PC, PI, USFA, U/S, and IUFA, displaying higher cell membrane permeability and more severe cell membrane damage in longan pulp. Furthermore, DNP treatment weakened the levels of SOD, CAT, APX, AsA, GSH, TP, and TF, thereby exacerbating ROS outbreak and MDA production.

Clinical evaluation of a novel digital microfluidic based point-of-care test platform for detection of SARS-Cov-2 and influenza A/B.

Respiratory pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A/B, can cause severe illnesses in susceptible individuals. This research evaluated a novel digital microfluidic point-of-care testing platform designed to detect 23 pathogens, comparing its performance to conventional laboratory-based nucleic acid tests. The platform integrates nucleic acid extraction and amplification processes for rapid detection with only 2 min of hands-on time.

Hydrogen peroxide induced changes in the levels of disease-resistant substances and activities of disease-resistant enzymes in relation to the storability of longan fruit.

The influences of hydrogen peroxide (HO) on the storability and metabolism of disease-resistant substances in fresh longan were investigated. Compared to the control samples, HO-treated longan exhibited a higher index of fruit disease, pericarp browning, and pulp breakdown, a higher rate of fruit weight loss, but lower chromaticity values (*, * and *) in pericarp appearance, and a lower commercially acceptable fruit rate. Additionally, HO-treated longan showed a lower lignin content, lower activities of enzymes including phenylalnine ammonia lyase (PAL), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H), 4-coumaryl coenzyme A ligase (4-CL), cinnamate dehydrogenase (CAD), peroxidase (POD), chitinase (CHI), and -1,3-glucanase (GLU).

High Genetic Diversity of HIV-1 and Active Transmission Clusters among Male-to-Male Sexual Contacts (MMSCs) in Zhuhai, China.

Monitoring genetic diversity and recent HIV infections (RHIs) is critical for understanding HIV epidemiology. Here, we report HIV-1 genetic diversity and RHIs in blood samples from 190 HIV-positive MMSCs in Zhuhai, China. MMSCs with newly reported HIV were enrolled from January 2020 to June 2022.

Regulating Blood Clot Fibrin Films to Manipulate Biomaterial-Mediated Foreign Body Responses.

The clinical efficacy of implanted biomaterials is often compromised by host immune recognition and subsequent foreign body responses (FBRs). During the implantation, biomaterials inevitably come into direct contact with the blood, absorbing blood protein and forming blood clot. Many studies have been carried out to regulate protein adsorption, thus manipulating FBR.

Abnormal maxillary sinus diagnosing on CBCT images via object detection and 'straight-forward' classification deep learning strategy.

Background: Pathological maxillary sinus would affect implant treatment and even result in failure of maxillary sinus lift and implant surgery. However, the maxillary sinus abnormalities are challenging to be diagnosed through CBCT images, especially for young dentists or dentists in grassroots medical institutions without systematical education of general medicine.

Objectives: To develop a deep-learning-based screening model incorporating object detection and 'straight-forward' classification strategy to screen out maxillary sinus abnormalities on CBCT images.

CsPbBr Perovskite Nanocrystals for Photocatalytic [3+2] Cycloaddition.

Visible-light-induced halide-exchange between halide perovskite and organohalide solvents has been studied in which photoinduced electron transfer from CsPbBr nanocrystals (NCs) to dihalomethane solvent molecules produces halide anions via reductive dissociation, followed by a spontaneous anion-exchange. Photogenerated holes in this process are less focused. Here, for CsPbBr in dibromomethane (DBM), we discover that Br radical (Br⋅) is a key intermediate resulting from the hole oxidation.

Pharmacologic inhibition of IL11/STAT3 signaling increases MHC-I expression and T cell infiltration.

Background: Recent studies have discovered an emerging role of IL11 in various colitis-associated cancers, suggesting that IL11 mainly promotes tumor cell survival and proliferation in regulating tumorigenesis. Herein we aimed to reveal a novel function of IL-11 through STAT3 signaling in regulating tumor immune evasion.

Methods: AOM/DSS model in Il11 and Apc/Il11 mice were used to detect tumor growth and CD8 T infiltration.

The difference of the cell wall metabolism between 'Fuyan' and 'Dongbi' longans and its relationship with the pulp breakdown.

The aims of present works were to explore the difference in pulp breakdown of 'Fuyan' and 'Dongbi' longans and its relationship with cell wall metabolism. Comparison with 'Fuyan' longan fruit, postharvest 'Dongbi' longan fruit showed lower pulp breakdown index, lower activities of PE, PG, cellulase, -Gal, XET, and lower expression levels of their corresponding genes. In addition, higher levels of cell wall polysaccharides including ISP, CSP, cellulose and hemicellulose were exhibited in 'Dongbi' longan pulp.

Clinical Value of Circ-PNPT1 on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes of Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: Several circular RNAs are associated with important pathophysiological characteristics of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study intended to measure the expression of circ-PNPT1 in sera of GDM patients and to expound on its values on pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: Totally 104 GDM patients and 71 healthy controls were recruited.

Comparison between two cultivars of longan fruit cv. 'Dongbi' and 'Fuyan' in the metabolisms of lipid and energy and its relation to pulp breakdown.

This work studied the difference in pulp breakdown between two cultivars of longan cv. 'Dongbi' and 'Fuyan' from the aspect of metabolisms of lipid and energy. The results reflected that, compared to 'Fuyan' longan, 'Dongbi' longan had higher levels of energy charge, U/S and IUFA, and higher amounts of USFA, PC, PI, ATP and ADP.

Blockade of IL-6 inhibits tumor immune evasion and improves anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.

Long-standing inflammatory bowel disease predisposes to the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Interleukin (IL) -6, a pivotal link between chronic inflammation and tumor progression, has recently been recognized as a potential therapeutic target. The effect of IL-6 on proliferation and metastasis of CRC by activating the STAT3 pathway has been widely demonstrated in recent years, but few on mediating tumor immune evasion.

Triplet Energy Transfer from Lead Halide Perovskite for Highly Selective Photocatalytic 2 + 2 Cycloaddition.

Triplet excitons are generally confined within a semiconductor. Hence, solar energy utilization via direct triplet energy transfer (TET) from semiconductors is challenging. TET from lead halide perovskite semiconductors to nearby organic molecules has been illustrated with ultrafast spectroscopy.

Construction of an end-to-end regression neural network for the determination of a quantitative index sagittal root inclination.

Background: Immediate implant placement in the esthetic area requires comprehensive assessments with nearly 30 quantitative indexes. Most artificial intelligence (AI)-driven measurements of quantitative indexes depend on segmentation or landmark detection, which require extra labeling of images and contain possible intraclass errors.

Methods: For the initial attempt, the method was tested on sagittal root inclination measurement.

Influence of hydrogen peroxide on the ROS metabolism and its relationship to pulp breakdown of fresh longan during storage.

The influence of hydrogen peroxide (HO) on the ROS metabolism and its relationship to pulp breakdown of fresh longan cv. Fuyan during storage was evaluated. Contrasted to control fruit, HO-treated samples manifested a higher index of pulp breakdown, an enhanced rate of O generation, and an increased amount of MDA, but lower APX, CAT and SOD activities, reduced expressions of and , and lower concentrations of total phenolics, flavonoid, AsA, and GSH as well as lower levels of free radicals scavenging capacity.