Temporal Patterns and Risk Factors for Pulmonary Embolism Associated with Anti-Tumor Therapies in Patients with Lung Cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the association between pulmonary embolism (PE) onset and various anti-tumor therapeutic approaches in patients with lung cancer, with the goal of identifying potential high-risk populations.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical records from 2019 to 2025, among the 84,000 inpatients with lung cancer, 106 patients developed PE during hospitalization for anti-tumor treatment, who were confirmed using spiral computed tomography (CT) or pulmonary angiography per CTS (2018) and NEJM (2010) criteria. Data were collected on patient demographics, cancer staging, treatment type, and time to PE onset.

Improving CNN predictive accuracy in COVID-19 health analytics.

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the critical necessity for robust and accurate predictive frameworks to bolster global healthcare infrastructures. This study presents a comprehensive examination of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) applied to the prediction of COVID-19-related health outcomes, with an emphasis on core challenges, methodological constraints, and potential remediation strategies. Our investigation targets two principal aims: the identification of COVID-19 infections through chest radiographic imaging, specifically X-rays, and the prognostication of disease severity by integrating clinical parameters and electronic health records.

Dacomitinib in the treatment of EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastases: an open-label, multicenter, phase II study.

Objectives: Dacomitinib's efficacy in patients with severe brain metastases remains understudied. This study aimed to evaluate dacomitinib in treatment-naïve non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutations and multiple brain metastases.

Methods: This open-label, multicenter, Phase II study enrolled 15 treatment-naïve NSCLC patients with ≥3 brain metastases, including at least one lesion >1 cm.

Synchronous percutaneous microwave ablation combined with percutaneous biopsy for highly suspected malignant pulmonary nodules: a retrospective study.

Background: There is still a lack of studies on the optimal sequence of treatment for microwave ablation (MWA) combined with percutaneous biopsy (PB) in the treatment of highly suspected malignant pulmonary nodules (PNs). This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of computed tomography (CT)-guided simultaneous MWA combined with PB in the treatment of highly suspected malignant PNs and discuss the influence of the sequential order of MWA and PB on the treatment outcome.

Methods: From January 2021 to December 2024, 91 patients with single highly suspected malignant PNs underwent synchronous MWA combined with PB.

An online explainable ensemble machine learning model for predicting epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Non-invasive determination of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status is essential for selecting lung adenocarcinoma patients suitable for EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). This study aimed to develop and validate an online ensemble machine learning (EML) model that combines multiple machine learning (ML) models to predict the EGFR mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: A total of 823 lung adenocarcinoma patients with known EGFR mutation status from three medical centers were divided into a training cohort (n=556) and a validation cohort (n=267) (ChiCTR2400083082 in the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry).

Biomarkers for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in adolescents: Peripheral blood monocyte myotubularin-related protein 4 and oncostatin M genes.

Background/objectives: Although research has increasingly been focused on pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in adolescents, its diagnosis remains complex and challenging. Thus, the use of host transcription markers in the diagnosis of adolescent PTB was evaluated in this study.

Methods: The study cohort comprised 40 adolescents (aged 14-18 years) with PTB who had received their first PTB diagnosis at Anhui Provincial Chest Hospital, China, between January and December 2023 (case group) and 32 healthy adolescents who had undergone physical examinations at The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China during the same period (control group).

Successful Management of Severe Refractory ARDS in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis with VV-ECMO: A Case Report and Analysis.

BACKGROUND Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, life-threatening systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by cytokine storm, coagulation abnormalities, and pancytopenia, which can rapidly progress to multi-organ failure. Although acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a less common but severe complication of HLH, veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) can serve as a lifesaving intervention in cases unresponsive to standard treatments. Emerging case reports indicate that, when appropriately indicated, VV-ECMO can offer substantial clinical benefits.

Efficacy and safety of bevacizumab biosimilar SIBP04 compared with bevacizumab (Avastin®) as first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer: A randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Background: SIBP04 is a biosimilar of bevacizumab (Avastin®, Roche, Basel, Switzerland). This study evaluated the equivalence of SIBP04 to Avastin® as first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (nsqNSCLC).

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, multi-center, phase 3 trial, we recruited patients with locally advanced or metastatic nsqNSCLC from 58 hospitals at China.

Multimodal diagnostic approach for identifying pneumonia: a case report and literature review.

The emergence of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has significantly improved the detection rate of Actinomyces species in pulmonary actinomycosis (PA), a rare and diagnostically challenging infectious disease. Here, we report a case of an elderly patient with a history of pyoderma gangrenosum who presented with pulmonary infiltrates and was subsequently hospitalized. Both histopathological examination of tracheoscopic biopsy specimens and NGS analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) confirmed infection with ().

Postoperative Circulating Tumour DNA in Predicting Recurrence of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Aims: Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has become a noninvasive biomarker for dynamic monitoring of tumours. However, available evidence on postoperative ctDNA in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to appraise the prognostic value of postoperative ctDNA in NSCLC.

A novel nomogram for predicting the implementation of ultra-fast-track cardiac anesthesia for minimally invasive cardiac surgery.

Ultra-fast-track cardiac anesthesia (UFTCA) is a crucial component of enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery (ERACS). However, research on the factors influencing UFTCA implementation remains limited. This study aimed to identify predictors of UFTCA in right-thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) and develop a nomogram to predict UFTCA implementation.

Efficacy and safety of limertinib versus gefitinib as first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer with EGFR-sensitising mutation: a randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, phase 3 trial.

Background: Limertinib is a new third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor. This study aimed to prospectively assess the efficacy and safety of limertinib versus gefitinib as a first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR-sensitising mutation.

Methods: This multicentre, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, phase 3 trial was done at 56 hospitals in China.

Chinese expert consensus on shape-sensing robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (ssRAB) in the management of peripheral pulmonary lesions.

Background: Shape-sensing robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (ssRAB) is a new bronchoscopy technology that utilizes optic fibers to provide accurate position information and robotic-control to deliver improved maneuverability. This technology has been used in the United States since 2019 and investigated in China since 2021. In order to provide a standard practice and make the best use of this technology for managing peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs), experts developed the consensus.

Perioperative outcomes of median sternotomy for intrathoracic tracheal malignancies: a 15-year retrospective analysis.

Background: Tracheal resection and reconstruction is a complex thoracic surgery procedure. Posterolateral thoracotomy (PLT) is the standard approach for intrathoracic tracheal resection; however, research on the median sternotomy (MST) approach is limited. This study evaluated the surgical outcomes of MST in treating intrathoracic tracheal malignancies.

A Risk Prognostic Signature Basing on Cuproptosis-related Ferroptosis and Immune Genes for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients.

Esophageal cancer (EC) is a highly aggressive malignancy, with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounting for the majority of cases worldwide. Despite advances in treatment, the prognosis for ESCC remains poor, underscoring the urgent need for reliable prognostic biomarkers to guide clinical decision-making. In this study, we constructed a novel prognostic model by integrating cuproptosis-related genes with ferroptosis and immune-associated genes-three critical pathways implicated in tumor progression and immune modulation.

Prevalence and Mortality of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome in China: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

Background: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome is a novel staging framework used to evaluate CKM health. The burden of CKM syndrome in China is relatively unknown, and such data may inform future health priority.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and mortality risk across CKM stages.

A generative AI-discovered TNIK inhibitor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a randomized phase 2a trial.

Despite substantial progress in artificial intelligence (AI) for generative chemistry, few novel AI-discovered or AI-designed drugs have reached human clinical trials. Here we present the results of the first phase 2a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial testing the safety and efficacy of rentosertib (formerly ISM001-055), a first-in-class AI-generated small-molecule inhibitor of TNIK, a first-in-class target in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) discovered using generative AI. IPF is an age-related progressive lung condition with no current therapies available that reverse the degenerative course of disease.

New perspectives on the potential mechanisms, prevention and treatment of deep vein thrombosis complicated by lung cancer.

The prevalence of lung cancer has increased significantly in recent years. This malignancy is the most lethal form of tumor and exhibits the highest morbidity and mortality rates among all malignant tumors. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes both pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

Study on the Association Network of Tuberculosis Lesions in Adult Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in China: A Large-Scale Multicenter Observational Study.

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is a significant health problem which can lead to severe morbidity and mortality. In clinical practice, EPTB can have a variety of nonspecific clinical manifestations and can be concurrent with other types of EPTB. As information pertaining to concurrent EPTB is scarce, research efforts are needed to find concurrent EPTB types and to explore the association networks and rules of concurrent EPTB.

Targeting Stat3 with conditional knockout or PROTAC technology alleviates renal injury by Limiting pyroptosis.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical clinical syndrome with high morbidity, mortality, and no effective treatment in clinical practice. The role of the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (Stat3) in AKI remains controversial, and its complex regulatory mechanisms must be further explored.

Methods: We generated renal tubular epithelial cells Stat3 conditional knockout (cKO) mice and used them in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) induced AKI models.

Genetic biomarker study of sunvozertinib for clinical prognosis and prediction in NSCLC with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation.

This is a report of biomarker analysis for sunvozertinib, a leading epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation (exon20ins) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). There is a positive correlation between positive EGFR exon20ins in plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and advanced disease. Shorter progression-free survival and lower objective response rate (45.

Data-independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry Reveals Exosomal LAMC1 as a Key Determinant of Lung Adenocarcinoma Radiosensitivity, Independent of EGFR Mutation.

Aim: This study is formulated to reveal the variables affecting the radio-sensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Background: LUAD patients show varied radiotherapy responses. While epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are often used to predict sensitivity, their reliability is debated, underscoring the need for better biomarkers.

Bulumtatug Fuvedotin (BFv, 9MW2821), a next-generation Nectin-4 targeting antibody-drug conjugate, in patients with advanced solid tumors: a first-in-human, open-label, multicenter, phase I/II study.

Background: A first-in-human study was carried out to assess the safety and preliminary antitumor activity of bulumtatug fuvedotin (BFv; 9MW2821), a next-generation monoclonal antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that delivers monomethylauristatin E (MMAE) to cells expressing Nectin-4, in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Patients And Methods: This was a first-in-human, open-label, multicenter study and included dose escalation, dose expansion and cohort expansion periods. Patients with advanced solid tumors who failed one or more lines of systemic therapy were recruited to receive BFv by intravenous (IV) infusion at doses of 0.

Three-field vs two-field lymphadenectomy in thoracic ESCC patients: a multicenter randomized study (NST 1503).

Background: 3-field lymph node dissection (3FL) frequently lead to much more perioperative complications than 2-field lymph node dissection (2FL). This study was designed as a non-inferiority trial to evaluate whether 3FL could be omitted without compromising overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in the patients with resectable thoracic esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) and negative right recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph nodes (RRLN-LNs).

Methods: cT1b-3N0-1M0 thoracic ESCC patients were managed in 3 arms during open or minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy according to the results of frozen section examination for RRLN-LNs: if positive, direct 3FL (RRLN[+]-3FL); if negative, 2FL (RRLN[-]-2FL) or 3FL (RRLN[-]-3FL) by randomization.

Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with MET alteration.

Alterations in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor () gene are critical drivers of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In recent years advances in precision therapies targeting MET alterations have significantly expanded treatment options for NSCLC patients. These alterations include exon 14 skipping mutations ( exon 14 skipping), gene amplifications, point mutations (primarily kinase domain mutations), and MET protein overexpression.