Effectiveness of Atlas Transverse Process Resection Combined with Release and Perfusion Techniques in Treating Clinical Symptoms Caused by Internal Jugular Vein Stenosis Secondary to External Compression.

Objective: The objective is to evaluate the surgical outcomes of partial atlas transverse process resection, with or without additional release and perfusion techniques, in the treatment of internal jugular vein stenosis from external compression.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent surgery from January 2020 to September 2022 and had J3 segment stenosis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) owing to osseous compression. CT venography (CTV), contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA), and Doppler ultrasonography were incorporated into the preoperative and postoperative evaluations at 1 week and 3 months to measure the diameter of the IJV and hemodynamic parameters.

Mapping the interactions of critical factors in China's first-contact healthcare systems using causal loop diagrams.

Background: Primary healthcare plays a pivotal role in optimizing healthcare resource allocation and ensuring equitable access to services. In China, first-contact care within the tiered medical care system is essential for alleviating pressure on large hospitals and enhancing healthcare equity. However, challenges such as uneven resource distribution and low patient trust in primary institutions limit the effectiveness of first-contact care.

A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study of Causal Relationships Between Migraine and White-Matter Structural Connectivity.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the potential causal relationship between migraine and white matter (WM) structural connectivity using genetic data and the Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses method.

Methods: Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for migraine (48,975 cases/540,381 controls) and 206 WM structural connectivity related imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) (26,333 samples) were collected. Based on instrumental variables (IVs) selected from the GWAS summary statistics, the bidirectional two-sample MR analyses were conducted to infer bidirectional causal associations between migraine and WM structural connectivity.

Swin Attention Augmented Residual Network: a fine-grained pest image recognition method.

Pest infestation is a major cause of crop losses and a significant factor contributing to agricultural economic damage. Accurate identification of pests is therefore critical to ensuring crop safety. However, existing pest recognition methods often struggle to distinguish fine-grained visual differences between pest species and are susceptible to background interference from crops and environments.

Hippocampal O-GlcNAc homeostasis sustains memory reconsolidation amidst stress hormone exposure.

Memory is not always reliable, inherently malleable. The malleability enables organisms to adapt their behavior based on future predictions, increasing survival odds. O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) has emerged as a modulator of memory, notwithstanding, its impact on memory malleability remains to be comprehensively elucidated.

Intermittent transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation reverses acute stress-induced memory deficits via O-GlcNAc modulation.

In recent years, transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), as a non-invasive therapy, has been increasingly employed to ameliorate cognitive deficits. O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification plays a crucial role in neuronal function and is closely related to stress responses and memory regulation. However, the impact of taVNS on O-GlcNAc modification and memory function under acute stress conditions remains unclear.

Fine-grained crop pest classification based on multi-scale feature fusion and mixed attention mechanisms.

Pests are a major cause of crop loss globally, and accurate pest identification is crucial for effective prevention and control strategies. This paper proposes a novel deep-learning architecture for crop pest classification, addressing the limitations of existing methods that struggle with distinguishing the fine details of pests and background interference. The proposed model is designed to balance fine-grained feature extraction with deep semantic understanding, utilizing a parallel structure composed of two main components: the Feature Fusion Module (FFM) and the Mixed Attention Module (MAM).

DIORS: Enhancing drug-target interaction prediction via structure and signature integrated-driven approach and discovering potential targeted molecules.

Drug-target interaction prediction is critical for drug development. Through the integration of structural and transcriptional signature information, molecules both binding to the target and producing therapeutic activities could be found out to improve targeted drug prediction. Therefore, the approaches that integrate the two types of data are worth exploring.

Cnidii fructus and Sophorae Flavescentis Radix polysaccharides inhibit SARS-CoV-2 entry by interfering with Spike protein-mediated membrane fusion.

Polysaccharides derived from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) show potential as therapeutic agents in the treatment of viral infections. In this study, seventeen polysaccharides extracted from TCM were screened for their inhibitory effects on SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus (PsV) infection in ACE2-overexpressing HEK293T cells. The results revealed that Cnidii fructus polysaccharides (CFPs) and Sophorae Flavescentis Radix polysaccharides (SFPs) significantly inhibited PsV entry.

Analysis of elastic and rheological properties of tunnel anchorage support structure under the action of seepage flow.

The large deformation and strong rheological characteristics of the underground rock body under complex geological conditions have led to the failure of the support system and even the instability of tunnels from time to time. Based on the theory of groundwater seepage, the elastic solution of the mechanical model of the tunnel anchorage support system under seepage is solved, which reveals the influence of seepage on the peripheral rock and the support parameters of the anchorage support system; the viscoelastic solution is solved according to the corresponding principle of elasticity-viscoelasticity, which analyses the influence of seepage on the rheological process of the anchorage support system; and the model is simulated with the help of finite element software, which analyses the agreement and discrepancy of the numerical solution and the theoretical solution. The results show that the analytical and numerical solutions are basically consistent.

A sample of the Moon's far side retrieved by Chang'e-6 contains 2.83-billion-year-old basalt.

Remote sensing observations have shown that the far side of the Moon (lunar farside) has different geology and rock composition to those of the nearside, including the abundances of potassium, rare earth elements, and phosphorus (collectively known as KREEP). The Chang'e-6 (CE-6) spacecraft collected samples from the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin on the farside and brought them to Earth. We used lead-lead and rubidium-strontium isotope systems to date low-titanium basalt in a CE-6 sample, finding a consistent age of 2830 (±5) million years.

Enabling Fast Photoresponse in Hybrid Perovskite/MoS Photodetectors by Separating Local Photocharge Generation and Recombination.

Interfacing CHNHPbI (MAPbI) with 2D van der Waals materials in lateral photodetectors can suppress the dark current and driving voltage, while the interlayer charge separation also renders slower charge dynamics. In this work, we show that more than one order of magnitude faster photoresponse time can be achieved in MAPbI/MoS lateral photodetectors by locally separating the photocharge generation and recombination through a parallel channel of single-layer MAPbI. Photocurrent () mapping reveals electron diffusion lengths of about 20 μm in single-layer MAPbI and 4 μm in the MAPbI/MoS heterostructure.

Submicroscopic magnetite may be ubiquitous in the lunar regolith of the high-Ti region.

Magnetite is rare on the Moon. The ubiquitous presence of magnetite in lunar soil has been hypothesized in previous Apollo Mössbauer spectroscopy and electron spin resonance studies, but there is currently no mineralogical evidence to prove it. Here, we report a large number of submicroscopic magnetite particles embedded within iron-sulfide on the surface of Chang'e-5 glass, with a close positive correlation between magnetite content and the TiO content of the surrounding glass.

Harnessing traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides for combatting COVID-19.

With the global spread of COVID-19 posing ongoing challenges to public health systems, there is an ever-increasing demand for effective therapeutics that can mitigate both viral transmission and disease severity. This review surveys the landscape of polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicine, acclaimed for their medicinal properties and potential to contribute to the COVID-19 response. We specifically focus on the capability of these polysaccharides to thwart SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells, a pivotal step in the viral life cycle that informs transmission and pathogenicity.

Scopolamine for patients with motion sickness: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.

Background: Scopolamine has been demonstrated to relieve motion sickness. However, repeated significance testing may increase false-positive results.

Objectives: Review the efficacy and safety of scopolamine in the prevention of motion sickness by performing a meta-analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis (TSA).

Semi-supervised CT image segmentation via contrastive learning based on entropy constraints.

Deep learning-based methods for fast target segmentation of computed tomography (CT) imaging have become increasingly popular. The success of current deep learning methods usually depends on a large amount of labeled data. Labeling medical data is a time-consuming and laborious task.

Impact of molecular weight and gastrointestinal digestion on the immunomodulatory effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides.

In traditional Chinese medicine, Lycium barbarum is of rich medicinal value, and its polysaccharides are particularly interesting due to their significant pharmacological effects and potential health benefits. This study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) by examining their interaction with the TLR4/MD-2 complex and the impacts of gastrointestinal digestion on these interactions. We discovered that the affinity binding of LBPs for TLR4/MD-2 and their cytokine induction capability are influenced by molecular weight, with medium-sized LBPs (100-300 kDa) exhibiting stronger binding affinity and induction capability.

Computational identification of mitochondrial dysfunction biomarkers in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: Facilitating therapeutic applications of phytomedicine.

Background: Currently, SARS-CoV-2 has not disappeared and continues to prevail worldwide, with the ongoing risk of mutations and the potential for severe COVID-19. The impairment of monocyte mitochondrial function caused by SARS-CoV-2, leading to a metabolic and immune dysregulation, is a crucial factor in the development of severe COVID-19.

Purpose: Discover effective phytomedicines based on mitochondrial-related biomarkers in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Return to the Moon: New perspectives on lunar exploration.

Lunar exploration is deemed crucial for uncovering the origins of the Earth-Moon system and is the first step for advancing humanity's exploration of deep space. Over the past decade, the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program (CLEP), also known as the Chang'e (CE) Project, has achieved remarkable milestones. It has successfully developed and demonstrated the engineering capability required to reach and return from the lunar surface.

Liver fat as a dietary target by Chinese Medical Nutrition Therapy (CMNT) diet for treating type 2 diabetes with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) often coexist and increase risk for developing liver fibrosis and diabetes complications if no effective measures are taken. Dietary intervention is known to be able to achieve diabetes remission, while evidence regarding the long-term effect on liver fat is limited for comorbidity management of type 2 diabetes and NAFLD. This study aims to investigate the long-term effect of a Chinese Medical Nutrition Therapy (CMNT) diet accompanied by intermittent energy restriction on reducing liver fat and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD.

A novel approach for ASD recognition based on graph attention networks.

Early detection and diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can significantly improve the quality of life for affected individuals. Identifying ASD based on brain functional connectivity (FC) poses a challenge due to the high heterogeneity of subjects' fMRI data in different sites. Meanwhile, deep learning algorithms show efficacy in ASD identification but lack interpretability.