A surveillance-based epidemiological study of renal agenesis in 25 million births in china, 2007-2020.

Background: Renal agenesis (RA), a rare congenital kidney defect, varies in clinical severity. Unilateral renal agenesis (URA) is more prevalent and may cause long-term renal complications, whereas bilateral renal agenesis (BRA) is typically fatal. While epidemiological data on RA is limited in China, understanding its prevalence and associated factors is crucial for public health interventions.

Epidemiology of hypospadias in China: A nationwide surveillance-based study, 2010-2020.

Background: The prevalence of hypospadias varied internationally. However, epidemiological data on hypospadias in contemporary China remain limited.

Objectives: We aim to examine the epidemiological characteristics of hypospadias in Chinese population.

Genomic and Molecular Mechanisms of Goat Environmental Adaptation.

Goats () are a widely distributed livestock known for their exceptional environmental adaptability. This review presents an integrated overview of recent advances in understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying goat adaptation to heat, cold, and high-altitude hypoxia. We first discuss the development of high-quality reference genomes, including recent telomere-to-telomere assemblies.

Insight into Y Content on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Gd-Y-Zr Alloy.

This paper investigates the effects of Y content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-9Gd-Y-0.5Zr alloys. The mechanical properties, together with the grain size, first increase and then decrease, exhibiting a non-monotonous change with the increase in Y content.

HAMA-SBMA hydrogel with anti-inflammatory properties delivers cartilage organoids, boosting cartilage regeneration.

Cartilage tissue lacks blood supply, which limits its ability to self-repair. Cartilage organoid (CO) technology, which replicates the structure and function of cartilage, holds significant promise. However, it is essential to maintain cellular function and ensure secure fixation at the site of injury.

Bile Acids Modulate Hepatic Glycolipid Metabolism via the Microbiota-Gut-Liver Axis in Lambs.

Background: Bile acids are essential molecules that facilitate lipid emulsification and function as signaling molecules mediating host-microbiota interactions. They shape the gut microbial structure and function, playing a critical role in metabolic regulation via the gut-liver axis.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous bile acids, primarily hyocholic acid (HCA), on the microbiota-gut-liver metabolism in male Tan-lambs fed a high-grain diet.

Whole-Genome Resequencing in Sheep: Applications in Breeding, Evolution, and Conservation.

Sheep () were domesticated around 10,000 years ago and have since become an integral part of human agriculture, providing essential resources, such as wool, meat, and milk. Over the past century, advances in communication and agricultural productivity have driven the evolution of selective breeding practices, further enhancing the value of sheep in the global economy. Recently, the rapid development of whole-genome resequencing (WGR) technologies has significantly accelerated research in sheep molecular biology, facilitating the discovery of genetic underpinnings for critical traits.

Leveraging Whole-Genome Resequencing to Uncover Genetic Diversity and Promote Conservation Strategies for Ruminants in Asia.

Whole-genome resequencing (WGRS) is a critical branch of whole-genome sequencing (WGS), primarily targeting species with existing reference genomes. By aligning sequencing data to the reference genome, WGRS enables precise detection of genetic variations in individuals or populations. As a core technology in genomic research, WGS holds profound significance in ruminant studies.

Enhancing blueberry wine quality and antioxidant capacity through mixed fermentation with S. cerevisiae and O. oeni.

This study investigates the impact of O. oeni on the quality of blueberry wine, employing various analytical methods to determine parameters such as alcohol content, antioxidant capacity, organic acids, amino acids, and volatile components. The results demonstrated that co-inoculation with O.

Improving the quality and flavor of radish paocai by inoculating with Lactobacillus plantarum-1 and Leuconostoc mesenteroides-7.

A compound fermentation of Lactobacillus plantarum-1 and Leuconostoc mesenteroides-7 was applied to radish paocai. The impact of this compound fermentation on the quality and flavor of radish paocai was evaluated by measuring physicochemical indicators, texture, free amino acids, organic acids, and other parameters using commercial and natural fermentation as controls. The group inoculated with the mixed starter (TS group) matured by day 6, exhibiting significantly higher total acid content compared with the control groups.

Optimizing charge dynamics in TiNbO anode via strategic orbital hybridization and delocalized electronic engineering.

TiNbO (TNO) anodes demonstrate significant potential for fast-charging lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to their inherent safety, high capacity, and robust durability. However, their practical implementation is constrained by sluggish Li diffusion kinetics and limited electronic conductivity. In this study, we systematically explore the impact of strategically incorporating trivalent heteroatoms (TiNbMO, denoted as M-TNO, where M = Al, Fe, Y, La, and Gd) on the orbital hybridization and delocalized electronic structure of TNO.

Efficacy and mechanism of the XPO1 inhibitor selinexor combined with decitabine in T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma.

Purpose: T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) has a poor response to traditional chemotherapy regimens, and is prone to relapse after treatment. Effective drugs are lacking for relapsed and refractory (RR) T-LBL patients, highlighting the need for novel treatments. Selinexor and decitabine have good effects on a variety of hematolymphatic diseases and solid tumors, but how effective they are in treating T-LBL has not been reported.

Non-invasive ML methods for diagnosis of congenital heart disease associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Objective: Congenital heart disease with pulmonary arterial hypertension (CHD-PAH), caused by CHD, is associated with high clinical mortality. Hence, timely diagnosis is imperative for treatment.

Approach: Two non-invasive diagnosis algorithms of CHD-PAH were put forward in this review, which were direct three-divided and two-stage classification models.

Patterns of Co-Occurring Birth Defects in Chinese Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A National Hospital-Based Surveillance Study.

Background: The landscape of co-occurring birth defects among infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) remains underexplored.

Aims: This study aims to elucidate the complex patterns of co-occurring defects in Chinese population.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed cases from the Chinese Birth Defects Monitoring Network (2007-2019) with CDH that presented along with at least one additional defect but without a syndromic diagnosis.

Quantitative evaluation of GPT-4's performance on US and Chinese osteoarthritis treatment guideline interpretation and orthopaedic case consultation.

Objectives: To evaluate GPT-4's performance in interpreting osteoarthritis (OA) treatment guidelines from the USA and China, and to assess its ability to diagnose and manage orthopaedic cases.

Setting: The study was conducted using publicly available OA treatment guidelines and simulated orthopaedic case scenarios.

Participants: No human participants were involved.

Infiltrating macrophages and interferon gamma rather than renal genotype dictate heightened crescentic glomerulonephritis.

Background: Both intrinsic renal cells and immune cells contribute to driving renal inflammation and damage. However, the respective roles of intrinsic renal cells and immune cells in crescentic glomerulonephritis, and the key molecular factors driving pathogenesis are still unclear.

Methods: The roles of intrinsic renal cells and renal infiltrating immune cells in crescent formation were explored using renal transplantation after experimental anti-GBM disease induction in 129x1/svJ and C57BL/6J mice.

Temporal trends in the prevalence of major birth defects in China: a nationwide population-based study from 2007 to 2021.

Background: Birth defects constitute a significant public health issue worldwide, yet there is a lack of comprehensive population-based data for the Chinese population.

Methods: We analyzed data from the China National Population-based Birth Defects Surveillance System from 2007 to 2021, we calculated the prevalence rates of selected birth defects, stratified by maternal residence, geographic region, maternal age, and infant sex. The Joinpoint regression model was utilized to assess trends and annual percent changes in prevalence.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Al-La-Mn Composites Reinforced by AlN Particles.

The Mg-Al-RE series heat-resistant magnesium alloys are applied in automotive engine and transmission system components due to their high-temperature performance. However, after serving at a high temperature for a long time, the AlRE phase coarsened and even decomposed, while the MgAl phase grew and dissolved, which limits the service temperature of Mg-Al-RE series heat-resistant magnesium alloys to a maximum of 175 °C. In this study, a new preparation method for in situ AlN particles was presented.

Global explanation supervision for Graph Neural Networks.

With the increasing popularity of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for predictive tasks on graph structured data, research on their explainability is becoming more critical and achieving significant progress. Although many methods are proposed to explain the predictions of GNNs, their focus is mainly on "how to generate explanations." However, other important research questions like "whether the GNN explanations are inaccurate," "what if the explanations are inaccurate," and "how to adjust the model to generate more accurate explanations" have gained little attention.

Mode-selective power splitters for mode-division multiplexing optical networks.

We propose an all-fiber mode-selective power splitter (MSPS) for non-circular-symmetric LPlm (l = 1, 2, …) modes, which is suitable for multicasting and optical performance monitoring in mode-division multiplexing optical fiber networks. The MSPSs are asymmetric two-core few-mode directional couplers composed of a few-mode fiber and a two-mode fiber. We theoretically studied the three conditions required by the MSPSs.

Ageing microenvironment mediates lymphocyte carcinogenesis and lymphoma drug resistance: From mechanisms to clinical therapy (Review).

Cellular senescence has a complex role in lymphocyte carcinogenesis and drug resistance of lymphomas. Senescent lymphoma cells combine with immunocytes to create an ageing environment that can be reprogrammed with a senescence‑associated secretory phenotype, which gradually promotes therapeutic resistance. Certain signalling pathways, such as the NF‑κB, Wnt and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways, regulate the tumour ageing microenvironment and induce the proliferation and progression of lymphoma cells.