Enhancing the output of cellulose-based triboelectric nanogenerators via dual interfacial polarization effects.

Cellulose-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have garnered significant attention in wearable electronics due to their biodegradability and abundant availability. However, the near-electroneutrality of cellulose hinders its advancement and broader application in high-performance TENGs. In this study, the triboelectric polarity of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) is modified by grafting different functional groups, wherein the incorporation of polar sulfonic acid groups enhances the deep trap density on the surface of CNF by an order of magnitude, reduces charge dissipation rates, and increases surface potential by nearly 200 % compared to untreated CNF.

Turbulent Flow-Driven Synthesis of Graphene-Skinned Boron Nitride Heterostructures for Dendrite-Free Potassium Metal Batteries.

Potassium metal batteries are considered as promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems. However, their practical development is hindered by the insufficient capacity output and persistent dendritic proliferation at the anode side. Here graphene-skinned hexagonal boron nitride powder is demonstrated synthesized via fluidized bed-chemical vapor deposition, realizing conformal growth of layer-controlled graphene (5-90 layers) over h-BN with atomically coupled heterointerfaces.

Modulating immune reactivity of grass carp parvalbumin via pulsed electric field-induced variation of structural properties.

The mechanism of PEF treatment (5-20 kV/cm for 0.5-2 h) changing spatial conformation and enhancing allergenicity of parvalbumin of grass carp was clarified, and molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) was utilized to explore hot-spot residues and epitopes of parvalbumin-IgE complex. The phenomenon revealed that the IgG and IgE binding capacity of parvalbumin maximally enhanced by 37.

Molecular mechanisms of superheated steam-induced modifications enhancing ovalbumin functional properties: Insights from site identification and peptidomic analysis.

The effects of superheated steam (SS) on functional properties of ovalbumin (OVA) and the underlying molecular mechanism were investigated. SS treatment significantly enhanced OVA's emulsifying capacity, antioxidant activity, and digestive properties compared to conventional heating methods. The results showed that SS treatment exposed hydrophobic regions of OVA and induced oxidation and phosphorylation.

Controlled Growth of Graphene-Skinned AlO Powders by Fluidized Bed-Chemical Vapor Deposition for Heat Dissipation.

The growing demand for high-performance chips, driven by digitalization and intelligence advancements, is accompanied by rising power consumption, highlighting the critical need for efficient thermal management in electronics. Graphene and its composites, characterized by their exceptional thermal conductivity, hold a distinctive position in this domain. The controlled synthesis of high-quality multilayer graphene composites, however, remains a significant challenge, hindering the full utilization of graphene's exceptional thermal conductivity.

Newly established forests dominated global carbon sequestration change induced by land cover conversions.

Land cover conversions (LCC) have substantially reshaped terrestrial carbon dynamics, yet their net impact on carbon sequestration remains uncertain. Here, we use the remote sensing-driven BEPS model and high-resolution HILDA+ data to quantify LCC-induced changes in net ecosystem productivity (NEP) from 1981 to 2019. Despite global forest loss and cropland/urban expansion, LCC led to a net carbon gain of 229 Tg C.

Chelation of cerium (III) with fish skin collagen peptides: Improving the in vitro stability and bioavailability of inorganic cerium.

Purified fish skin collagen peptide (FSCP) was used to chelate Ce to prepare peptide‑cerium chelate (FSCP-Ce) to improve their in vitro stability and cellular uptake for oral delivery. The study revealed that the primary chelation sites between FSCP and Ce were located on the side chains of tryptophan, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine and histidine (cerium-chelating capacity 75.32 mg/g).

Overexpression FARSB Reveals Poor Prognosis in Breast Cancer and is Correlated with Immunity.

Background: FARSB is a β-regulatory subunit of phenylalanine tRNA synthetase. It is reported that FARSB was involved in cancer progression. However, the molecular function of FARSB in breast cancer was unclear.

Genome-wide investigation of outer membrane protein families under mosaic evolution in .

Several genes in Gram-negative bacteria encoding outer membrane proteins (OMPs) have been reported to show patterns of mosaic evolution featured by a mixture of negative selection and local recombination. Here, we improved a strategy and applied it to screen OMPs under mosaic evolution in at the genome level. In total, 21 OMP families, including 16 new ones, were detected with the typical patterns of mosaic evolution.

Insight on the interaction between chickpea protein isolate and dextran: Structural analysis, functional characterization and co-encapsulated W/O/W emulsion formation.

Water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions were commonly used for the co-encapsulation of hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds. However, the stability remained a significant challenge. This study employed a non-covalent chickpea protein isolate-dextran (CPI-Dex) complex to construct a stable W/O/W emulsion.

Ultrahigh Charge Density of Cellulose-Based Triboelectric Materials Based on Built-in Electric Field and Deep Trap Synergy.

Cellulose-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are increasingly studied as potential candidates for advancing sustainable wearable electronics due to their biodegradability, self-powering capability, and high sensitivity. However, the near-electroneutrality of cellulose and its lack of efficient charge storage sites result in rapid charge dissipation. This study's synergistic approach of constructing deep traps and built-in electric fields effectively promotes charge trapping.

Multitask semantic change detection guided by spatiotemporal semantic interaction.

Semantic Change Detection (SCD) aims to accurately identify the change areas and their categories in dual-time images, which is more complex and challenging than traditional binary change detection tasks. Accurately capturing the change information of land cover types is crucial for remote sensing image analysis and subsequent decision-making applications. However, existing SCD methods often neglect the spatial details and temporal dependencies of dual-time images, leading to problems such as change category imbalance and limited detection accuracy, especially in capturing small target changes.

Thermally Stable Cellulose-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators with Ultrahigh Charge Density Enabled by Deep Traps and Multiple Noncovalent Interactions.

Stable high-output for triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) in extreme environments is challenged by high charge dissipation rates and friction layer degradation at high temperatures. This study introduces a triboelectric material design that ensures stable high-output at high temperatures through a synergistic approach of multilayer noncovalent bonding and increased surface deep trap density. By grafting sulfonic acid groups onto cellulose and incorporating self-assembled molecules with large energy gaps, we significantly enhance the dielectric's charge storage capacity and reduce charge dissipation by 82%.

Recent Advances in Polyvinylidene Fluoride with Multifunctional Properties in Nanogenerators.

Amid the global energy crisis and rising emphasis on sustainability, efficient energy harvesting has become a research priority. Nanogenerators excel in converting abundant mechanical and thermal energy into electricity, offering a promising path for sustainable solutions. Among various nanogenerator's materials, Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), with its distinctive molecular structure, exhibits multifunctional electrical properties including dielectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric characteristics.

Fabrication of Silicon Surface Microstructures via Vortex Femtosecond Laser Irradiation for Reusable Substrates in SERS Applications.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a key technique in analytical chemistry because of its exceptional sensitivity and specificity for detecting a broad spectrum of substances. Herein, a silicon (Si) substrate fabricated using vortex femtosecond laser beams in ambient air is proposed as an innovative, highly sensitive, and reusable platform for advanced SERS applications. The substrate has composite nanostructures adorned with bush-like formations on top of the elongated structures, which is a direct consequence of the orbital angular momentum of the vortex beam.

Construction of W/O/W microcapsules based on the combination of polyglycerol polyricinoleate/protein for the co-encapsulation of crocin and quercetin: Physical properties, stability and in vitro digestion.

Due to health reasons of polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR), there has been a growing interest in reducing it. To address this, this study developed the PGPR/Protein (whey, pea, and chickpea protein isolates) emulsifier combinations. The effects of these combinations on the preparation, structure, physicochemical and in vitro digestive properties of W/O/W microcapsules were evaluated.

Carbon-Oxygen Radical Assisted Growth of Defect-Free Graphene Films Using Low-Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition.

Low-temperature chemical vapor deposition growth of graphene films is a long-term pursuit in the graphene synthesis field because of the low energy consumption, short heating-cooling process and low wrinkle density of as-obtained films. However, insufficient energy supply at low temperature (below 850 °C) usually leads to the difficulty in carbon source dissociation, graphene growth, and defect healing. Herein, a Carbon-Oxygen (C─O) radical assisted strategy is proposed for low-temperature growth of defect-free, wrinkle-free, and single-crystalline graphene films by using methanol precursor.

Mechanism studies of gliadin-glucose glycation reaction and products formation by heat treatment with different conduction modes.

Heat treatments induce protein-reducing sugar glycation reactions easily, leading to protein structural transformations and advanced glycation end products generation. In this study, effects of four heat conduction modes (air, contact, vapour and liquid-conduction) on the spatial conformation and glycation products of gliadin-glucose system were evaluated. The results showed that gliadin tertiary structure expanded and exposed more hydrophobic sites in vapour-conduction, resulting in more glycation sites.

ncPlantDB: a plant ncRNA database with potential ncPEP information and cell type-specific interaction.

The field of plant non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has seen significant advancements in recent years, with many ncRNAs recognized as important regulators of gene expression during plant development and stress responses. Moreover, the coding potential of these ncRNAs, giving rise to ncRNA-encoded peptides (ncPEPs), has emerged as an essential area of study. However, existing plant ncRNA databases lack comprehensive information on ncRNA-encoded peptides (ncPEPs) and cell type-specific interactions.

Relationship of Plasma Apolipoprotein C-I Truncation With Risk of Diabetes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Actos Now for the Prevention of Diabetes Study.

Objective: Higher truncated-to-native apolipoprotein (apo) C-I proteoform ratios (C-I'/C-I) are associated with favorable cardiometabolic risk profiles, but their relationship with longitudinal changes in insulin resistance (IR) and incident diabetes is unknown.

Research Design And Methods: Plasma apoC-I proteoforms were measured by mass spectrometry immunoassay at baseline in 4,742 nondiabetic participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and 524 participants with prediabetes in the Actos Now for Prevention of Diabetes (ACT NOW) study. The primary outcome was incident diabetes (fasting glucose [FG] ≥7.

Modulating allergenicity of prawn tropomyosin (penaeus chinensis) via pulsed electric field-induced conformational changes.

The effect of electric field intensities (EFIs, 5-20 kV/cm) and treatment times (0.5-2 h) on allergenicity and spatial conformation of prawn tropomyosin was evaluated. The results demonstrated that the IgG and IgE binding capacity of tropomyosin maximally increased by 24.

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide from the tuna (Thunnus thynnus) muscle: Screening, interaction mechanism and stability.

In this study, the purpose was to screen novel angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides (ACEIPs) from tuna muscle taking two-steps enzymatic hydrolysis (Neutrase and Alkaline). Following isolation and purification by ultrafiltration, the Sephadex G-15 gel chromatography and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography based on active-guide, the amino acid sequence was identified using Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS. Five peptides were chose synthesized based on the in silico screening methods.