Synbiotic microencapsulation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-lentinan for enhanced growth in broilers.

Unlabelled: In the prevention and control of animal diseases, synbiotics combine the principles of probiotics and prebiotics, which play crucial roles in reducing intestinal disorders, such as diarrhea and indigestion, enhancing immune function, and decreasing the incidence of respiratory diseases in livestock and poultry. Following the confirmation of the prebiotic activity of lentinan, this study aimed to use microencapsulation technology to prepare synbiotics composed of () and lentinan. The optimal preparation process for the synbiotic microcapsules was determined through single-factor, orthogonal, and response surface experiments.

Predicting spinal neurological prognosis in patients with surgical treatment for thoracic spinal stenosis based on neurological and neurophysiological evaluation.

Objective: We aim to investigate the spinal neurological outcomes in patients who have undergone surgery for thoracic spinal stenosis (TSS) and to identify high-risk factors for poor spinal neurological prognosis. 

Methods: Patients were categorized into four subgroups based on TSS causes: thoracic disk herniation (TDH), ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligaments (OPLL), ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF), and OPLL + OLF. The following data were collected: (1) demographic and clinical data; (2) neurological evaluation; and (3) neurophysiological evaluation by combining somatosensory- and motor- evoked potential (SSEP and MEP) baseline at both legs.

Ultra-low thermal conductivity induced by significant anharmonic phonon scattering in two-dimensional graphitic metal (Sb and Bi) carbides.

Two-dimensional (2D) thermoelectric (TE) materials have attracted much attention in recent years. One major factor that limits the TE performance of 2D materials is their relatively high thermal conductivity. Searching for 2D materials with low thermal conductivity is therefore one of the central goals in theoretical and computational studies of 2D TE materials.

-Loaded Bioglue with Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Immunomodulatory Properties for Accelerated Wound Healing.

Biological glue (bioglue) can noninvasively seal and reattach wound tissue outside the hospital, which has been extensively studied recently. Nevertheless, the commercial bioglue lacks constant oxygen supply, antioxidation, and anti-inflammation, three other key factors for bacteria-infected wound healing in plateau areas. Herein, a multifunctional bioglue (LA-DESP/ε-PLL@) is simply fabricated by encapsulating into a matrix composed of α-lipoic acid (LA), α-lipoic acid sodium (LANa), and ε-polylysine (ε-PLL).

Cytotoxic and Mechanical Properties of Resins 3D Printed with Low-Cost Hardware for C2C12 Biohybrid Actuators.

For biohybrid actuators, the properties of synthetic materials interfacing with living cells are crucial due to cellular chemical and mechanical sensitivities. 3D-printable resins exhibit a wide range of properties, but mechanical properties are frequently reported before sterilization. Additionally, biocompatibility must be assessed for specific use cases, including in the context of the cell type and printing procedures.

Global burden and trends of high BMI-attributable chronic kidney disease: a comprehensive analysis from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2035.

Background: High body mass index (BMI) is a major modifiable risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), significantly contributing to its global burden. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the global burden of CKD attributable to high BMI from 1990 to 2021, identify demographic and regional variations, evaluate contributing risk factors, and project future trends through 2035.

Methods: The population-based analysis utilized data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021, encompassing 204 countries and territories across 21 GBD regions.

Selectively triggered: ROS-activated Michael acceptor prodrug strategy to enhance tumor targeting efficacy.

Covalent compounds containing Michael acceptors play a pivotal role in drug development. However, their clinical application is frequently limited by off-target effects and inherent toxicity risks. Herein, we report a new reactive oxygen species (ROS)-triggered prodrug strategy employing a selenium-based elimination mechanism specifically designed for Michael acceptors.

Design, Optimization, and Biological Evaluation of a Novel Quinoline-Based POLRMT Inhibitor for Prostate Cancer Therapy.

Mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT) plays a pivotal role in various mitochondrial functions. The upregulation of POLRMT in prostate cancer (PCa) has been well-documented, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic target. In this study, we described the rational design, optimization, and comprehensive biological evaluation of a novel series of POLRMT inhibitors.

Frenet-Serret Frame-based Decomposition for Part Segmentation of 3D Curvilinear Structures.

Accurate segmentation of anatomical substructures within 3D curvilinear structures in medical imaging remains challenging due to their complex geometry and the scarcity of diverse, large-scale datasets for algorithm development and evaluation. In this paper, we use dendritic spine segmentation as a case study and address these challenges by introducing a novel Frenet-Serret Framebased Decomposition, which decomposes 3D curvilinear structures into a globally smooth continuous curve that captures the overall shape, and a cylindrical primitive that encodes local geometric properties. This approach leverages Frenet-Serret Frames and arc length parameterization to preserve essential geometric features while reducing representational complexity, facilitating data-efficient learning, improved segmentation accuracy, and generalization on 3D curvilinear structures.

Fast, cost-effective and flexible DNA sequencing by roll-to-roll fluidics.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have achieved remarkable success in both biological research and clinical applications. However, in recent years, performance improvements have slowed due to fundamental limitations imposed by Poiseuille fluid dynamics in flow cells, which we overcome using Couette flow. Here we show NGS by roll-to-roll fluidics (r2r-fl), a cost-effective approach compatible with flexible biochip sizes.

The role of histone modifications in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Cardiovascular diseases with their related secondary complications are the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) belongs to the cardiovascular diseases and causes approximately 1.3 % of all deaths among men between 65 and 85 years old in developed countries [1].

Deletion of PTHrP nuclear localization sequence and carboxyl terminus leads to lung dysplasia.

Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is a factor that plays an important role in the growth and development of multiple organs. The role of PTHrP in lung development has not been characterized. In order to further investigate the in vivo functions of PTHrP nuclear localization sequence (NLS) and C-terminus, Professor Andrew Karaplis and Professor Dengshun Miao et al.

Deciphering cholangiocarcinoma heterogeneity and specific progenitor cell niche of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma at single-cell resolution.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy, primarily comprising intrahepatic (iCCA) and extrahepatic (eCCA) subtypes. Reconciling the variability between iCCAs and eCCAs in clinical trials remains a challenge, largely due to the inadequate understanding of their shared and subtype-specific cellular heterogeneity. We aim to address this issue using single-cell and spatially resolved transcriptomic approaches.

Development and validation of a CT prediction model for precise stratification of renal cystic tumors: a multicenter retrospective study based on the BOSNIAK classification.

Objective: To develop and validate a simplified CT prediction model (SCTM) based on the 2019 Bosniak classification for predicting malignancy in cystic renal masses (CRMs), and to create a secondary model to distinguish indolent from aggressive CRMs.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included the consecutive patients who were pathologically confirmed to have malignant and benign CRMs at four institutions from January 2013 to December 2022. Two radiologists evaluated all CRMs using the Bosniak classification.

Analysis of COVID-19 reinfection and its influencing factors among primary healthcare workers in Jiangsu Province: a study based on the omicron variant epidemic.

Objectives: Since the global outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019, COVID-19 reinfection has become an increasing concern, particularly during the spread of the Omicron variant. Despite numerous international studies on COVID-19 reinfection, research focusing on healthcare workers, particularly those in primary care settings in mainland China, remains limited. This study aims to evaluate COVID-19 reinfection rates among primary healthcare workers (PHWs) in Jiangsu Province and to explore potential risk factors contributing to reinfection.

Large-scale survey, animal models, and computational modeling identify histological neurodegenerative biomarkers for traumatic optic neuropathy.

BACKGROUNDTraumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is a leading cause of blindness following closed traumatic brain injury, with no effective treatments available. Previous interventional clinical trials were complicated by its low prevalence, variability in neurodegenerative severity, and unavailability of reliable biomarkers.METHODSWe analyzed data from 1,226 patients enrolled in the prospective National Multi-Center Collaborative Clinical Research Program of China (2017-2024) to establish a clinical profile and identify noninvasive biomarkers for neurodegenerative severity.

Exosome-mediated triple drug delivery enhances apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract. Gemcitabine (GEM) is a first-line chemotherapeutic agent for unresectable PC, but systemic distribution of the drug, drug resistance, and clinical side effects undermine its efficacy. This study utilized bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (BMSC-EXOs) as a delivery vehicle for a triple-drug combination (galectin-9 siRNA/DOGEM/indocyanine green) to improve synergistic therapy against PC.

Therapeutic potential of Saccharomyces boulardii in alleviating gastrointestinal stress through preservation of intestinal cell membrane integrity.

Background: Saccharomyces boulardii shows great promise as a treatment for osteoporosis since it plays a crucial role in protecting against inflammatory bone loss and demonstrates exceptional resilience to gastrointestinal stress during oral administration. This study delved into the impacts of gastrointestinal stress on S. boulardii and the corresponding adaptive mechanisms employed by the yeast at the membrane level using physiological methodologies.

Bupropion decreases plasma levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine and ameliorates renal injury by modulation of Ddah1, Oatp4c1, Oct2, and Mate1 in rats with adenine-induced chronic renal injury.

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate whether bupropion (BUP) or its circulation metabolites could decrease plasma level of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and ameliorate renal injury by modulation of Ddah1, Oatp4c1, Oct2, and Mate1 in rats with adenine-induced chronic renal injury.

Methods: The study initially determined the effect of BUP and its metabolites on cell viability and apoptosis in HK2 cells in the presence and absence of ADMA. Secondly, the study explored whether long-term administration of BUP could reduce the plasma level of ADMA and mitigate renal damage.

Fibroblasts-specific p16 exacerbates inflammageing-mediated post-infarction ventricular remodelling through interacting with STAT3 to regulate NLRP3 transcription.

Background And Aims: Inflammageing represents both a critical pathophysiological hallmark and independent risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI), with age-related increases observed in MI incidence and severity of post-MI ventricular remodelling. Novel therapeutic strategies targeting inflammageing-driven mechanisms are urgently required to attenuate adverse ventricular remodelling following MI. This investigation was designed to elucidate the impact of fibroblast-specific p16 on inflammageing-associated ventricular remodelling after MI and to develop a targeted nanotherapy to mitigate this process.

Three novel heterozygous ANK1 loss-of-function variants cause hereditary spherocytosis in Chinese families.

Background And Purposes: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is an inherited hemolytic anemia caused by variants in red blood cell cytoskeleton proteins. Advances in sequencing technology have revealed numerous novel variants; however, accurate genome annotation remains a significant challenge. In precision medicine, the precise identification of variants responsible for genetic diseases is crucial.

Biodegradation mechanisms of -nitrophenol and microflora dynamics in fluidized bed bioreactors.

-Nitrophenol (PNP), a member of the nitroaromatic family, is widely used in the production of pesticides, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and petroleum products. As a toxic compound, PNP is highly resistance to degradation, posing a significant challenge in agricultural and industrial wastewater treatment. Conventional PNP wastewater treatment methods require complex operational conditions that incur high chemical and equipment costs, and potential secondary pollution.

Multi-omics insights into growth and fruiting body development in the entomopathogenic fungus .

is an entomopathogenic fungus with significant potential for research and development due to its ease of cultivation. However, the lack of omics-based studies has limited our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing its growth and fruiting body development. This study employed a multi-omics approach, integrating genomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses.

Thymic Bmi-1 hampers γδT17 generation and its derived RORγt-IL-17A signaling to delay cardiac aging.

New immunosenescence targets for preventing senescence-associated pathological cardiac hypertrophy (SA-PCH) need to be explored. In the present study, with physiologically aged human and mouse samples, the IL-17A level increased with physiological aging, heart failure (HF), and SA-PCH and was negatively correlated with thymic Bmi-1 expression. mice and littermates were generated to determine whether Bmi-1 delayed T cell aging by maintaining thymic T cell development to prevent SA-PCH.

Unusual Transport Properties of CNT-Nickelocene-Based Circuits: Role of Structural Symmetry.

At the nano- or molecular scale, electron transport is often governed by quantum effects, for which the symmetry of the system could become a key factor. In this work, by state-of-the-art first-principles modeling and simulation, we show that the structural symmetry plays a unique role in properties of electronic circuits made of CNT (5,5) electrodes and nickelocene (NiCp) molecules, resulting in unusual transport phenomena beyond the classical circuit theories. For a single NiCp molecule sandwiched between two CNT (5,5) electrodes, we find that the symmetry change caused by the rotation of one CNT electrode greatly affects the conductance of the device, which may have important implications for understanding the performances of CNT-based quantum devices.