Epilepsy and systemic autoimmune diseases: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: Epidemiological data indicates that individuals with epilepsy exhibit an elevated susceptibility to autoimmune disorders, and conversely, those with systemic autoimmune diseases (SAD) demonstrate a heightened predisposition to epilepsy. Although an increasing number of publications support this association, the causal direction remains undetermined. This investigation offers evidence supporting a causal relationship between these conditions through a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

The Synergistic Reduction of the Contact Time in the Droplet Impact on a Moving Ridge Surface.

The contact time of the droplet impacting on solid surfaces can be markedly reduced by 40% to 50% by breaking the symmetric behaviors with the help of the surface structures and motion, which is crucial to diverse applications involving anti-icing, anti-erosion, self-cleaning, etc. Herein, it is interesting to note that the contact time can be further decreased up to 60% on a moving ridge surface because of corresponding synergy, inspired by flying insects or wind-dispersal seeds. In the present work, the synergistic mechanisms of the reduction in contact time have been revealed by analyzing the 3 basic features, called Leaf-type, Ear-type, and Butterfly-type, according to their morphological and dynamical behaviors.

Exploring the causal relationship between 16 eye diseases and stroke and their subtypes from a genome-wide perspective.

There is increasing evidence that eye diseases and stroke frequently co-occur, but the causal relationships remain elusive. Therefore, Mendelian randomization was used to investigate possible causal relationships between eye diseases and stroke (including its subtypes). This study utilized large-scale genome-wide association study pooled genetic data from two major databases: the IEU OpenGWAS project and the FinnGen databases.

Deciphering cholangiocarcinoma heterogeneity and specific progenitor cell niche of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma at single-cell resolution.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy, primarily comprising intrahepatic (iCCA) and extrahepatic (eCCA) subtypes. Reconciling the variability between iCCAs and eCCAs in clinical trials remains a challenge, largely due to the inadequate understanding of their shared and subtype-specific cellular heterogeneity. We aim to address this issue using single-cell and spatially resolved transcriptomic approaches.

Minimum clinically important difference, substantial clinical benefit, and patient acceptable symptomatic state for patients with spinal metastasis who underwent surgical treatment: a multicenter prospective clinical study.

Objective: There is increasing emphasis on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in assessing surgical efficacy, especially in patients with spinal metastasis (SM). The updated version of the Spine Oncology Study Group Outcomes Questionnaire (SOSGOQ 2.0) is a disease-specific tool, while the EQ-5D-5L is a general quality-of-life instrument.

A critical appraisal of clinical guidelines on radiotherapy treatments for spinal metastasis.

This review systematically reviewed the current guidelines related to radiotherapy for spinal metastases, summarized the relevant recommendations, and assessed the quality of their supporting evidence. The guidelines on radiotherapy for spinal metastases were searched by the keyword "guidelines" and "spinal metastasis". The most updated guidelines on radiotherapy for spinal metastasis were selected based on pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Association of intra-individual differences in estimated GFR by creatinine versus cystatin C with incident cardiovascular disease.

Background And Aims: This study investigates the association between intra-individual differences in estimated glomerular filtration rate based on serum creatinine (eGFR) and cystatin C (ΔeGFR) and incident CVD.

Methods And Results: This study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) from 2015 to 2020. ΔeGFR were determined by subtracting eGFR from eGFR.

Chestnut Nonstarch Polysaccharides Enhance Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Modulate Gut Microbiota to Ameliorate DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice.

This study investigated the biological activity of chestnut nonstarch polysaccharide (CNP) after removing starch. CNP was isolated from chestnut, with its monosaccharide composition identified as rhamnose, mannose, fructose, glucuronic acid, ribose, and galacturonic acid. Animal experiments showed that CNP can significantly alleviate the inflammatory response induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in a murine model of ulcerative colitis (UC).

Preparation of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt/pectin antifogging and antibacterial composite film loaded with riboflavin and its application in rape preservation.

In this study, riboflavin (RIB) was incorporated into a chitosan quaternary ammonium salt/pectin (HACC/PEC) matrix to produce a composite film with excellent antifogging properties and antibacterial activity. The incorporation of RIB significantly enhanced the mechanical properties (The TS and EAB of HP4-0.2 were 32.

Development of an Online Nomogram for Predicting Postoperative Hypoalbuminemia in Older Adults Following Femoral Neck Fractures.

Objective: Postoperative hypoalbuminemia after total hip arthroplasty (THA) in older adults with femoral neck fractures can increase the risk of postoperative infection and lengthen hospital stays. The purpose of this study was to construct an online nomogram that can be used for the clinical preoperative assessment of older adults to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

Methods: This study included older adults who underwent THA for femoral neck fracture at Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital between December 2018 and April 2022.

Monoselective Histone Deacetylase 6 PROTAC Degrader Shows Tractability.

Herein, we report a potent HDAC6 PROTAC, TO-1187, which selectively degrades HDAC6 and demonstrates efficacy. The design of TO-1187 was achieved by linking our previously reported HDAC6 inhibitor, TO-317, to the cereblon (CRBN) E3 ligase ligand, pomalidomide. TO-1187 achieved monoselective HDAC6 degradation in human multiple myeloma cells, MM.

Establishment of a Lactylation-Related Gene Signature for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Applying Bulk and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis.

Lactylation is closely involved in cancer progression, but its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. The present work set out to develop a lactylation-related gene (LRG) signature for HCC. The lactylation score of tumor and normal groups was calculated using the gene set variation analysis (GSVA) package.

Benefits of entecavir therapy in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma patients with compensated cirrhosis after hepatectomy: A ten-year retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Data on the impact of antiviral therapy(AVT) on the long-term outcomes of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients with historically-proved cirrhosis after hepatectomy are limited. We aimed to determine the effect of AVT on resected HCC in the background of HBV-related cirrhosis.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1396 patients with HBV-related cirrhotic HCC undergoing curative resection were categorized into AVT and no-AVT groups retrospectively.

Construction and Development of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Program for the Surgical Management of Patients With Spinal Metastasis: A Modified Delphi Study.

Objective: As an effective treatment for spinal metastasis (SM), ERAS protocol can significantly reduce the length of hospital stay and complications in patients. Establishing an ERAS program for perioperative care after SM surgery is a clinical problem that needs to be addressed urgently. We aimed to develop an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program and Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) that conferred clinical benefit to patients with SM and made it relatively easy to manage the condition.

The droplet dynamics of asymmetrical impingement on moving ridged surface.

Hypothesis: The depth of research into the mechanism of droplet impacting structured surfaces dictates the efficacy of their applications. The impact stress generated when a droplet impacts a surface is a pivotal factor influencing the efficiency of surface applications, ultimately determining the extent of surface wear. Despite the systematic examination of impact force, there remains a scarcity of research on impact stress and its mitigation strategies.

The association between weekend warrior physical activity pattern and albuminuria in hypertensive patients.

Background: Albuminuria, a critical and sensitive indicator of vascular injury, has been linked to early kidney damage in patients with hypertension. High-quality physical activity (PA) may reduce urinary albumin excretion. Yet, the connection between PA patterns and albuminuria is still not well understood.

Visual screening of butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors by a cellulose membrane biosensor with amide-bonded immobilization of butyrylcholinesterase in a solid-phase enzyme-catalyzed reaction.

The rapid discovery of highly active butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors is key to the treatment of the late stages of Alzheimer's disease. Herein, a colorimetric cellulose membrane (CM)-based biosensor was developed. The CM was employed as a carrier, which can be immobilized with the BChE and 5,5'-dithio-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) to prepare the biosensor for the solid-phase enzyme-catalyzed reaction.

Fishing net-inspired PVA-chitosan-CNT hydrogels with high stretchability, sensitivity, and environmentally stability for textile strain sensors.

Soft electronic products are being extensively investigated in diverse applications including sensors and devices, due to their superior softness, responsiveness, and biocompatibility. One-dimensional (1-D) fiber electronic devices are recognized for their lightweight, wearable, and stretchable qualities, thus emerging as critical constituents for seamless integration with the human body and attire, exhibiting great potential in wearable applications. However, wearable conductive hydrogel fibers usually face challenges in combining stretchability and excellent stability, notably in high-temperature environment.

Visual detection of uric acid in serum through catalytic oxidation by a novel cellulose membrane biosensor with schiff base immobilized uricase.

Uric acid (UA) serves as an important biochemical marker of various diseases, making the development of a novel method for its rapid and straightforward visual detection highly valuable. In this study, a uricase-based cellulose membrane biosensor (UCMB) was constructed by immobilizing uricase via a Schiff base reaction and nitroblue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) through adsorption. The UCMB detects UA through a mechanism in which uricase catalyzes the oxidation of UA, generation O radicals that subsequently oxidize NBT to formazan, producing a distinctive color change from yellow to purple.

Explainability Enhanced Object Detection Transformer With Feature Disentanglement.

Explainability is a pivotal factor in determining whether a deep learning model can be authorized in critical applications. To enhance the explainability of models of end-to-end object DEtection with TRansformer (DETR), we introduce a disentanglement method that constrains the feature learning process, following a divide-and-conquer decoupling paradigm, similar to how people understand complex real-world problems. We first demonstrate the entangled property of the features between the extractor and detector and find that the regression function is a key factor contributing to the deterioration of disentangled feature activation.

The AKR1C1-CYP1B1-cAMP signaling axis controls tumorigenicity and ferroptosis susceptibility of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC), a highly malignant type of cancer with increasing incidence, has a poor prognosis due to limited treatment options. Based on genomic analysis of ECC patient samples, here we report that aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 (AKR1C1) is highly expressed in human ECC tissues and closely associated with ECC progression and poor prognosis. Intriguingly, we show that inducible AKR1C1 knockdown triggers ECC cells to undergo ferroptosis.

HBcrAg is associated with prognosis of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma in patients after hepatectomy undergoing antiviral therapy.

Serum hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) is considered a surrogate marker of the amount and activity of intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA. This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of HBcrAg on patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative hepatectomy undergoing antiviral therapy (AVT). Data of 949 consecutive patients with HBV-related HCC undergoing curative resection between 2010 and 2013 were reviewed.