Global burden and trends of high BMI-attributable chronic kidney disease: a comprehensive analysis from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2035.

Background: High body mass index (BMI) is a major modifiable risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), significantly contributing to its global burden. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the global burden of CKD attributable to high BMI from 1990 to 2021, identify demographic and regional variations, evaluate contributing risk factors, and project future trends through 2035.

Methods: The population-based analysis utilized data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021, encompassing 204 countries and territories across 21 GBD regions.

FairForensics: mitigating attribute bias in deepfake detection by integrating texture and attribute features.

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, Deepfake technology, which involves the synthesis of highly realistic face-swapping images and videos, has garnered significant attention. While this technology has various legitimate applications, its misuse in political manipulation, identity fraud, and misinformation poses serious societal risks. Consequently, effective face forgery detection methods are crucial.

Comparison of pilot tone-triggered and electrocardiogram-triggered cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: a prospective clinical feasibility study.

Background: Electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can be challenging in patients with ECG unreliability. Pilot tone (PT)-triggered CMR may offer a reliable alternative.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of PT-triggered CMR and compare its performance with ECG-triggered imaging across various sequences in patients with common cardiovascular diseases.

Microenvironment-Responsive Xanthotoxol-Copper Nanozyme for MRSA-Infected Wound Healing.

Methicillin-resistant () infections, oxidative stress, and excessive inflammation present significant challenges for wound healing. The natural product xanthotoxol (XT) demonstrates strong antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties; however, its therapeutic efficacy is limited by poor water solubility. To address this limitation, we have modified XT using polyethylenimine (PEI) to enhance its solubility and have developed a Cu-based composite material, XT-PEI-Cu, which possesses glutathione lyase (GSH-X)-like activity and is specifically designed to respond to the wound microenvironment.

Relationship between plasma asprosin, dry matter intake, and plasma glucose at different stages of lactation.

In postpartum dairy cows, dry matter intake (DMI) decreases dramatically, resulting in reduced glucose production and negative energy balance (NEB). Asprosin is a centrally acting orexigenic protein hormone secreted by adipose tissue, and it promotes glucose production in the liver. However, the effects of asprosin on hepatic glucose output in primary bovine hepatocytes, as well as the relationship between plasma asprosin and dry matter intake at different stages of lactation, have not yet been reported.

Deep Separable Spatiotemporal Learning for Fast Dynamic Cardiac MRI.

Objective: Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an indispensable role in cardiac diagnosis. To enable fast imaging, the k-space data can be undersampled but the image reconstruction poses a great challenge of high-dimensional processing. This challenge necessitates extensive training data in deep learning reconstruction methods.

Evaluation of free-breathing, non-ECG-triggered magnetic resonance T1 mapping derived from multitasking imaging at 3.0 T in patients with ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy.

Objective: To evaluate the image quality of the free-breathing, non-ECG-multitasking T1 mapping and to compare T1 values, lesion area, and ROC curve with those derived from the traditional MOLLI sequence in ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy.

Methods: In vitro, T1 values from CMR multitasking and MOLLI images were compared in 4 phantoms. In vivo studies included 108 patients (38 ischaemic cardiomyopathy, 70 non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy) and 31 healthy volunteers.

Associations of diet patterns with successful aging, longevity, and extreme longevity: a prospective cohort study among Chinese adults 65 years or older.

Purpose: The role of dietary patterns in overall health and longevity among the elderly has not been comprehensively evaluated. We investigated the associations between multiple dietary indices and successful aging, longevity, and extreme longevity among older individuals, aiming to explore appropriate dietary patterns for the older Chinese population.

Methods: A food frequency questionnaire was used to construct seven dietary indices: plant-based dietary index (PDI), healthful plant-based dietary index (hPDI), unhealthful plant-based dietary index (uPDI), animal-based dietary index (ADI), dietary diversity index (DDI), protein-enriched dietary diversity index (PEDDI), and anti-inflammatory dietary diversity index (AIDDI).

Ru-CNP Complex-Catalyzed Hydrogen Transfer/Annulation Reaction of 2-Nitrobenzylalcohol via an Outer-Sphere Mechanism.

The development of efficient catalysts plays a central role in advancing chemical reactions. In this study, a ruthenium complex modified with a -heterocyclic carbene-imine-phosphine ligand was employed to enhance the hydrogen transfer/annulation process of 2-nitrobenzyl alcohols with various primary or secondary alcohols. The NMR and HRMS analyses of the reaction solution revealed the in situ formation of [fac-RuH(CO)(PPh)(κ-CN(H)P)]Cl through the transfer hydrogenation of the imine moiety within the ligand under the reaction conditions.

Engineering a Novel NIR RNA-Specific Probe for Tracking Stress Granule Dynamics in Living Cells.

Real-time monitoring of the dynamics of cytosolic RNA-protein condensates, termed stress granules (SGs), is vital for understanding their biological roles in stress response and related disease treatment but is challenging due to the lack of simple and accurate methods. Compared with protein visualization that requires complex transfection procedures, direct RNA labeling offers an ideal alternative for tracking SG dynamics in living cells. Here, we propose a novel molecular design strategy to construct a near-infrared RNA-specific fluorescent probe () for tracking SGs in living cells.

Detecting Hemorrhagic Myocardial Infarction With 3.0-T CMR: Insights Into Spatial Manifestation, Time-Dependence, and Optimal Acquisitions.

Background: Hemorrhagic myocardial infarction (hMI) can rapidly diminish the benefits of reperfusion therapy and direct the heart toward chronic heart failure. T2∗ cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is the reference standard for detecting hMI. However, the lack of clarity around the earliest time point for detection, time-dependent changes in hemorrhage volume, and the optimal methods for detection can limit the development of strategies to manage hMI.

Late Gadolinium Enhancement of Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy at 5.0 T versus 3.0 T: A Crossover Design Study.

Purpose To compare the acquisition time, image quality, and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) visualization and quantification on phase-sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) images using 5.0-T versus 3.0-T cardiac MRI.

GS-4997 halts the progression of tubulointerstitial injury in lupus nephritis.

Tubulointerstitial injury has been increasingly recognized as an important component in lupus nephritis (LN) pathology over the last decades. However, current clinical treatment options for this process remain limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential benefits of GS-4997, a selective inhibitor of ASK1, in tubulointerstitial injury of LN.

Simultaneous multislice cardiac multimapping based on locally low-rank and sparsity constraints.

Background: Although quantitative myocardial T1 and T2 mappings are clinically used to evaluate myocardial diseases, their application needs a minimum of six breath-holds to cover three short-axis slices. The purpose of this work is to simultaneously quantify multislice myocardial T1 and T2 across three short-axis slices in one breath-hold by combining simultaneous multislice (SMS) with multimapping.

Methods: An SMS-Multimapping sequence with multiband radiofrequency (RF) excitations and Cartesian fast low-angle shot readouts was developed for data acquisition.

Predictive Model Based on Texture Analysis of Noncontrast Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Images for the Prognostic Evaluation of Cardiac Amyloidosis.

Objectives: We aimed to develop a predictive model based on textural features of noncontrast cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging for risk stratification toward adverse events in patients with cardiac amyloidosis (CA).

Methods: A cohort of 78 patients with CA was grouped into training (n = 54) and validation (n = 24) sets at a ratio of 7:3. A total of 275 textural features were extracted from the CMR images.

Regulates Lignin and Coumarin Biosynthesis in the Roots of var. .

var. (), which belongs to the Umbelliferae family, is one of the original plants of herbal raw material Angelicae Dahuricae Radix. roots represent an enormous biomass resource convertible for disease treatment and bioproducts.

Enabling Reliable Visual Detection of Chronic Myocardial Infarction with Native T1 Cardiac MRI Using Data-Driven Native Contrast Mapping.

Purpose To investigate whether infarct-to-remote myocardial contrast can be optimized by replacing generic fitting algorithms used to obtain native T1 maps with a data-driven machine learning pixel-wise approach in chronic reperfused infarct in a canine model. Materials and Methods A controlled large animal model (24 canines, equal male and female animals) of chronic myocardial infarction with histologic evidence of heterogeneous infarct tissue composition was studied. Unsupervised clustering techniques using self-organizing maps and -distributed stochastic neighbor embedding were used to analyze and visualize native T1-weighted pixel-intensity patterns.

Multi-mechanism antitumor/antibacterial effects of Cu-EGCG self-assembling nanocomposite in tumor nanotherapy and drug-resistant bacterial wound infections.

Chemotherapy and surgery stand as primary cancer treatments, yet the unique traits of the tumor microenvironment hinder their effectiveness. The natural compound epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) possesses potent anti-tumor and antibacterial traits. However, the tumor's adaptability to chemotherapy due to its acidic pH and elevated glutathione (GSH) levels, coupled with the challenges posed by drug-resistant bacterial infections post-surgery, impede treatment outcomes.

Correlation Between Blood-pressure Levels and Frailty Index and Adverse Health Events in Older Adults With ESRD With Hypertension.

Context: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) refers to the development of chronic kidney disease to stage 5. Elevated blood pressure is one of the main symptoms of older adults with ESRD. The severity and difficulty of curing ESRD with hypertension in older adults has attracted a great deal of attention from the medical community.

Plasma Concentration of Posaconazole in Septic Shock Patients with Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: A Case Report.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) on the plasma concentrations of Posaconazole in critically ill patients.

Case Presentation: In this study, we reported a patient with septic shock, cardiac arrest, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome showed improvement following anti-infective treatment with Posaconazole. The patient's condition improved after Posaconazole was administered for anti-infective treatment.

Association of Lipoprotein(a) Levels With Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Low-Attenuation Plaque.

Background: Lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) is associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI). However, the mechanism underlying this association has yet to be fully elucidated.

Objectives: This multicenter study aimed to investigate whether association between Lp(a) and MI risk is reinforced by the presence of low-attenuation plaque (LAP) identified by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).

Self-Assembled Fe-Phenolic Acid Network Synergizes with Ferroptosis to Enhance Tumor Nanotherapy.

Natural polyphenolic compound rosmarinic acid (RA) has good antitumor activity. However, the distinctive tumor microenvironment, characterized by low pH and elevated levels of glutathione (GSH), enhances the tolerance of tumors to the singular anti-tumor treatment mode using RA, resulting in unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy. Targeting nonapoptotic programmed cell death processes may provide another impetus to inhibit tumor growth.

Myocardial reperfusion injury exacerbation due to ALDH2 deficiency is mediated by neutrophil extracellular traps and prevented by leukotriene C4 inhibition.

Background And Aims: The Glu504Lys polymorphism in the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene is closely associated with myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI). The effects of ALDH2 on neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation (i.e.