Gut microbiome and diabetic kidney disease: Insights from Mendelian randomization and genetic correlations.

The causal effects of specific gut microbiota (GM) on the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) have not yet been revealed. We employed independent single nucleotide polymorphisms from 196 gut bacterial taxa (N = 18,340) as instrumental variables in a 2-sample Mendelian randomization framework. DKD summary statistics were sourced from publicly accessible genome-wide association study databases, the FinnGen Consortium R9 publications, and the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation-funded collaborative research program.

An Asynchronous-Regulated Nanosheet Cascade Amplifies Sonodynamic-Triggered Self-Enhanced DNA Damage for Intensive Tumor Immunotherapy.

DNA damage can potentially trigger innate immune responses, providing a feasible way for immunotherapies to target "cold" tumors (T cell-deprived). However, DNA damage resistance and immunosuppression severely compromise tumor therapeutic efficacy. We therefore developed an ultrasound-activatd and asynronous-regulated nansheet (ECHO).

Hierarchical cross attention achieves pixel precise landslide segmentation in submeter optical imagery.

Accurate landslide segmentation using remote sensing imagery is a critical component of geohazards response systems, particularly in time-sensitive tasks such as post-earthquake landslide damage assessment and emergency resource allocation. However, current methodologies struggle with two persistent challenges in sub-meter true-color imagery: fine-grained inter-class confusion between landslides and spectrally analogous terrain features, and within-landslide heterogeneity where localized damage signatures coexist with macro-scale deformation patterns within individual landslide bodies. To overcome these, we propose the Cross-Attention Landslide Detector (CALandDet), which improves the model's ability to distinguish between landslide and background features by sharply capturing global landslide feature information and integrating global landslide feature information with local information via a cross-attention feature enhancement mechanism.

Surface functionalization strategies of ROS-scavenging nanozymes for synergistic therapy and efficient delivery.

Nanozymes, as synthetic nanomaterials that catalyze the conversion of enzyme substrates to products and follow enzymatic kinetics, have emerged as powerful agents for combating oxidative stress-related diseases by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). In recent years, constructing multifunctional integrated systems by integrating nanozymes with therapeutic drugs or endowing them with efficient delivery capabilities through surface functionalization strategies has become one of the cutting-edge directions. This review explores recent progress in three key surface modification approaches-chemical conjugation, physical encapsulation, and drug loading-that collectively enable synergistic therapeutic effects, precise targeting, and effective penetration of biological barriers.

Microenvironment-Responsive Xanthotoxol-Copper Nanozyme for MRSA-Infected Wound Healing.

Methicillin-resistant () infections, oxidative stress, and excessive inflammation present significant challenges for wound healing. The natural product xanthotoxol (XT) demonstrates strong antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties; however, its therapeutic efficacy is limited by poor water solubility. To address this limitation, we have modified XT using polyethylenimine (PEI) to enhance its solubility and have developed a Cu-based composite material, XT-PEI-Cu, which possesses glutathione lyase (GSH-X)-like activity and is specifically designed to respond to the wound microenvironment.

Mechanisms of aureobasidin A inhibition and drug resistance in a fungal IPC synthase complex.

The enzyme inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC) synthase is essential for survival and virulence in fungi, while absent in mammals, thus representing a potential target for antifungal treatments. Aureobasidin A (AbA), a natural cyclic peptide, displays antifungal activity and inhibits IPC synthase, but the precise molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae IPC synthase, composed of catalytic subunit Aur1 and regulatory subunit Kei1, in its AbA-bound state.

The undescribed alkaloids from (less.) E. Wiebe and their anti-inflammatory activities.

From the whole herb of (Less.) E. Wiebe, one new alkaloid named cannabliold E (), one new natural alkaloid derivative named methyl 4-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) benzene acetate () along with seven known alkaloids () were successfully isolated.

Acupuncture attenuates experimental autoimmune thyroiditis by modulating intestinal microbiota and palmitic acid metabolism.

Introduction: Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is a common and chronic autoimmune disease. Recent evidence indicates that serum metabolites and dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota are associated with AIT, with the underlying mechanism involving the apoptosis of thyroid follicular epithelial cells. Acupuncture, a traditional Chinese therapy, has demonstrated potential regulatory effects on various immune-related diseases.

Curcumin-Loaded Silver-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks: Efficient Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties against and for Promoting Infected Wound Healing.

Slow or noticeably delayed wound healing is frequently intimately linked to bacterial infection and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), while the inappropriate usage of antibiotics fuels the rise of bacterial resistance. The innovative materials are desperately needed to eliminate bacteria and effectively accelerate wound healing. In this work, a curcumin-loaded silver-based metal-organic framework (Cur/Ag-MOF) composite nanomaterial was developed, which exhibited good antimicrobial activity, biocompatibility, and drug resistance.

Genotoxicity assessment of food-grade titanium dioxide.

Food-grade titanium dioxide (E171 in Europe), which contains nanoscale particles (NPs), has been approved and used as a white pigment in various common foods. Concerns are growing over the use of E171 as a safe food additive. The purpose of the present research is to evaluate the genotoxicity of E171 using in vivo and in vitro testing systems.

Association between mixed exposure of phenols, parabens, phthalates and cognitive function in US elders.

Background: In an aging society, understanding the factors influencing cognitive function in older adults is of great significance. Phenols, parabens, and phthalates (PAEs) can disrupt normal neural signaling. This research aims to investigate the association between mixed exposure of phenols, parabens, PAEs and cognitive function in US elders.

Insurance and the gig economy: Analyzing Chinese platform workers' participation in work-related injury insurance.

Countries support and regulate the development of new forms of employment, namely platform employment, and propose to strengthen the protection of the rights and interests of platform workers. However, social insurance, especially work-related injury insurance, has always been absent. This study selected the 2021 survey data sample of the Chinese Social Quality Data Archive (CSS) to analyze the factors affecting the willingness of Chinese platform workers to participate in work-related injury insurance.

Correction: "Timely help" or "one disaster after another": The impact of potential and transition interim CEO succession on corporate performance.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Interaction between gut microbiota and T cell immunity in colorectal cancer.

This review delves into the complex and multi-layered mechanisms that govern the interaction between gut microbiota and T cells in the context of colorectal cancer (CRC), revealing a novel "microbiota-immune regulatory landscape" within the tumor microenvironment. As CRC progresses, the gut microbiota experiences a significant transformation in both its composition and metabolic patterns. On one hand, specific microbial entities within the gut microbiota can directly engage with T cells, functioning as "immunological triggers" that shape T-cell behavior.

TAK-901, a novel EPHA2 inhibitor as a therapeutic strategy against prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer and remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men worldwide. Androgen deprivation therapy continues to be the cornerstone of treatment for prostate cancer. However, the efficacy of this treatments is often limited, leading to the emergence of drug resistance and tumor recurrence.

Association between cardiac cachexia and adverse outcomes in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Background: Cardiac cachexia is a condition characterised by unintentional weight loss and muscle wasting in patients with heart failure. However, there is debate about the prognostic value of cardiac cachexia in these patients.

Objectives: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of cardiac cachexia in patients who had heart failure.

Enhancing gut-ovary health in aged laying hens: the impact of dietary betaine supplementation.

The gut-ovary axis involves a complex interplay of various physiological and molecular mechanisms, which significantly impact poultry production and health. This study investigated the effects of betaine (Bet) on the gut-ovary axis of laying hens in aged laying hens. A total of 108 Hy-Line Brown hens, aged 500 days, were randomly divided into three groups (n = 36 per group) and fed diets containing 0, 1000, and 3000 mg/kg of Bet (designated as CON, l-Bet, and H-Bet, respectively) over a 42-day trial.

Effect of bisphosphonates on periodontal diseases in menopausal and postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To systematically evaluate the effect of bisphosphonates on periodontal diseases in menopausal and postmenopausal women.

Methods: Databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library databases, Chinese Scientific and Technological Journal database, Wan Fang Data, China Biomedical Literature Database, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched from inception to July 2024, languages are Chinese and English. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting the effect of bisphosphonates in menopausal and postmenopausal women with periodontitis were included.

Proteomic insights into molecular alterations associated with Kawasaki disease in children.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a pediatric vasculitis that can lead to coronary artery complications if not promptly diagnosed. Its nonspecific early symptoms, primarily fever, often result in misdiagnosis. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for early KD diagnosis using proteomic analysis of blood samples.

EEG analysis of speaking and quiet states during different emotional music stimuli.

Introduction: Music has a profound impact on human emotions, capable of eliciting a wide range of emotional responses, a phenomenon that has been effectively harnessed in the field of music therapy. Given the close relationship between music and language, researchers have begun to explore how music influences brain activity and cognitive processes by integrating artificial intelligence with advancements in neuroscience.

Methods: In this study, a total of 120 subjects were recruited, all of whom were students aged between 19 and 26 years.

Long-Term and Real-Time Post-External Radiotherapy Assessment Based on an In Situ Activatable Radiolabeled Platform.

Long-term monitoring in postoperative assessment is essential for clinicians to assess the effectiveness of therapies and establish subsequent clinical pharmacotherapeutic plans. However, precise and real-time postoperative assessment is often overlooked, relying instead on various clinical histopathological and cytological assays or the experience of physicians. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a general strategy for long-term, real-time, and accurate postoperative assessment.

Fecal occult blood affects intestinal microbial community structure in colorectal cancer.

Background: Gut microbes have been used to predict CRC risk. Fecal occult blood test (FOBT) has been recommended for population screening of CRC.

Objective: To analyze the effects of fecal occult blood test (FOBT) on gut microbes.

Bioinformatics-Based Exploration of the Ability of Ginkgetin to Alleviate the Senescence of Cardiomyocytes After Myocardial Infarction and Its Cardioprotective Effects.

Purpose: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a prevalent cardiovascular disorder affecting individuals worldwide. There is a need to identify more effective therapeutic agents to minimize cardiomyocyte damage and enhance cardioprotection. extract is extensively used to treat neurological disorders and peripheral vascular diseases.

[CCDC97 influences the immune microenvironment and biological functions in HCC].

Objective To explore the clinical and immunological significance of CCDC97 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Clinical data and RNA sequencing results from HCC patients were retrieved from TCGA and ICGC databases. Bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the role of CCDC97 in HCC.

The Impact of Economic Income on BMI Trajectory Groups in Chinese Elderly Individuals: A Population-Based Longitudinal Study.

Objective: The objective of this study is to gain insights into the influence of income on the body mass index (BMI) locus in the elderly population.

Methods: The Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity and Happy Family Study (CLHLS-HF) was included at baseline (2008) for participants aged 65 years and older. The total number of participants analyzed in this study was 7555.