A cell type and state specific gene regulation network inference method for immune regulatory analysis.

The gene regulatory network inference method based on bulk sequencing data not only confuses different types of cells, but also ignores the phenomenon of network dynamic changes with cell state. Single cell transcriptome sequencing technology provides data support for constructing cell type and state specific gene regulatory networks. This study proposes a method for inferring cell type and state specific gene regulatory networks based on scRNA-seq data, called inferCSN.

Automated sleep staging from single-channel electroencephalogram using hybrid neural network with manual features and attention.

Sleep staging is essential for evaluating sleep quality, diagnosing disorders, and creating personalized treatment plans. The convolutional and bidirectional long short-term memory hybrid neural network (CNN-BiLSTM) has shown promise in automated sleep staging from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. However, prior studies often overlook expert-derived manual features, relying solely on deep neural networks for automatic feature extraction.

The impact of preoperative biliary drainage on bile colonization of patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Background: Preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) may be performed for jaundiced patients with periampullary tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of PBD on biliary microbiome and perioperative complications in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 323 patients who underwent PD between March 2018 and March 2024.

SIX1 transmits signals for breast cancer progression via the ZEB1/IL6/STAT3 signaling axis.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are pivotal in breast cancer mechanism research. It was demonstrated that Sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX1) orchestrates breast cancer EMT and BCSCs, concurrently activating the Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. Yet, the mechanism by which SIX1 modulates STAT3 and its potential to regulate EMT and BCSCs through STAT3 signaling remain unexplored.

UniEmoX: Cross-Modal Semantic-Guided Large-Scale Pretraining for Universal Scene Emotion Perception.

Visual emotion analysis holds significant research value in both computer vision and psychology. However, existing methods for visual emotion analysis suffer from limited generalizability due to the ambiguity of emotion perception and the diversity of data scenarios. To tackle this issue, we introduce UniEmoX, a cross-modal semantic-guided large-scale pretraining framework.

Model Construction for Predicting Preoperative Microvascular Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Gadoxetic Acid Disodium-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Combined with Serology.

BACKGROUND We aimed to establish a preoperative prediction model of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma based on gadoxetic acid disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in conjunction with serology. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, the clinicopathological and imaging data of 120 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma from the Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were retrospectively collected, and patients were divided into a training group and a validation group in a ratio of 7: 3. The independent risk factors were determined through logistic regression analysis, and a prediction model was established based on the derived independent risk factors, with imaging as the main factor.

Updated Thresholds of Basal Calcitonin Level and Extent of Lymph Node Metastasis in Initially Treated Medullary Thyroid Cancer.

Importance: Calcitonin is the most sensitive and specific biomarker for medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). Basal serum calcitonin levels are strongly associated with the burden of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and can help guide the extent of neck dissection. However, the predictive thresholds for varying degrees of LNM are based on laboratory testing methods no longer in use.

Morphology-controlled CuSnS quantum dot-sensitized solar PEC cells for efficient hydrogen production.

Regular shape and size regularity of quantum dots (QDs) significantly influence the photoelectrical properties of solar photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells. Two types of green CuSnS (CTS) QDs, sphere-like and bullet-like, were synthesized the hot injection method by modulating the ratio of sulfur precursors. Compared with bullet-like CTS QDs, sphere-like CTS QDs exhibit a more negative conduction-band minimum and a narrower bandgap, enhancing sunlight absorption and utilization efficiency.

Li Heteroepitaxial Deposition on Single Crystalline Ni Substrates With Enhanced Cycling Stability.

Lithium (Li) metal is recognized as a highly promising anode material for next-generation high-energy-density batteries. Nonetheless, dendrite growth and low coulombic efficiency (CE) significantly impede the practical application of Li metal anodes. The deposition morphology and chemical stability of Li are intricately linked to its crystallographic orientation.

Thiazole Groups without Hydrogen-Bond Donors Endow PIM Membrane with High CO Separation Performance.

Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) are promising membrane materials for CO separation, but suffer from the trade-off effect between permeability and selectivity. And it is a challenge to design suitable groups in PIMs to improve the CO separation performance. Herein, this work reports that thiazole groups without hydrogen-bond donors could endow the PIM membrane with high CO permeability and separation selectivity.

A protein-based classifier for differentiating follicular thyroid adenoma and carcinoma.

Differentiating follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) from carcinoma (FTC) remains challenging due to similar histological features separate from invasion. This study developed and validated DNA- and/or protein-based classifiers. A total of 2443 thyroid samples from 1568 patients were obtained from 24 centers in China and Singapore.

Proteomic analysis reveals modulation of key proteins in follicular thyroid cancer progression.

Background: Cytopathology cannot be used to reliably distinguish follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA) from follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), the second most common form of thyroid cancer, because they exhibit nearly identical cellular morphology. Given the challenges in diagnosis and treatment, this study aims to identify the mechanisms underlying FTC is essential.

Methods: Using parallel reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (PRM-MS) assays, we identified and quantified 94 differentially expressed protein candidates from a retrospective cohort of 1085 FTC and FTA tissue samples from 18 clinical centers.

FARVNet: A Fast and Accurate Range-View-Based Method for Semantic Segmentation of Point Clouds.

Environmental perception systems provide foundational geospatial intelligence for precision mapping applications. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) provides critical 3D point cloud data for environmental perception systems, yet efficiently processing unstructured point clouds while extracting semantically meaningful information remains a persistent challenge. This paper presents FARVNet, a novel real-time Range-View (RV)-based semantic segmentation framework that explicitly models the intrinsic correlation between intensity features and spatial coordinates to enhance feature representation in point cloud analysis.

Tristate Bradbury-Nielsen Gate for Enhancing the Sensitivity of High-Resolution Ion Mobility Spectrometry.

Resolution and sensitivity are crucial for standalone ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) used in the field detection of hazardous chemicals. However, it is challenging to achieve a high resolution and high sensitivity simultaneously. For commonly used Bradbury-Nielsen gate (BNG)-based IMS, increasing the gating voltage difference (GVD) between the two sets of BNG wires enhances the temporal compression effect and improves the resolving power; however, this also significantly diminishes IMS sensitivity due to the accompanying enhanced ion depletion effect.

Bipartite Fault-Tolerant Consensus Control for Multi-Agent Systems with a Leader of Unknown Input Under a Signed Digraph.

This paper addresses the bipartite consensus problem of signed directed multi-agent systems (MASs) subject to actuator faults. This problem plays a crucial role in various real-world systems where agents exhibit both cooperative and competitive interactions, such as autonomous vehicle fleets, smart grids, and robotic networks. To address this, unlike most existing works, an intermediate observer is designed using newly introduced intermediate variables, enabling simultaneous estimation of both agent states and faults.

Gamified interactive e-books for bullying prevention: enhancing knowledge and motivation in Chinese primary schools.

Bullying is increasingly prevalent in Chinese schools, contributing to a rise in associated criminal cases. A key factor in this trend is the lack of comprehensive understanding of bullying. Studies indicate a clear correlation between the level of understanding of bullying and its frequency.

Revised Perspective on the AJCC Staging System for Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Study of Two Nationwide Cohorts.

Background: The current AJCC TNM staging system for medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is largely adapted from criteria for differentiated thyroid cancer, which may not fully capture MTC-specific prognostic factors. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of upper mediastinal lymph node metastasis (LNM) and propose corresponding modifications to the N category and staging system to improve their applicability for MTC.

Methods: We conducted a population-based, retrospective study enrolling patients with MTC from 19 Chinese referral centers.

Analysis of key microRNA molecules associated with acute kidney injury based on bioinformatics method.

Rationale: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical condition with limited early detection biomarkers and therapeutic options. This study aims to identify differentially expressed genes and potential microRNAs (miRNAs) as detection and therapeutic targets for AKI using bioinformatics-based analysis.

Patient Concerns: The study focuses on AKI as a major health concern with a need for improved biomarkers to monitor and treat this condition effectively.

Pressure-Tunable Photoionization Tandem Ion Mobility Spectrometry for Investigating Proton Transfer Reactions of Binary Systems.

Investigating and manipulating the ion-molecule reactions within the ionization source of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) or mass spectrometry can contribute to developing advanced ionization sources and novel analytical techniques. In this study, a pressure-tunable photoionization tandem ion mobility spectrometer (PI-tandem-IMS) was developed to investigate the ionization suppression caused by unusual proton transfer reactions in dual-analyte systems in which high proton affinity (PA) ions are deprotonated by low PA molecules. The proton transfer reaction mechanisms in the toluene-acetone and toluene-ethanol systems were studied.

Intraductal chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer: a pathway to minimally invasive clinical treatment.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is traditionally treated with systemic chemotherapy, often resulting in significant off-target toxicity. In this study, we assess the efficacy of intraductal chemotherapeutic delivery, aimed at reducing systemic side effects. Using an in situ TNBC model, created by intraductal injection of 4T1-luc cells, we identified day 3 post-tumor implantation as an optimal early intervention point.

Routine Blood Tests as Predictive Tools for Differentiating Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma From Follicular Adenoma.

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, with an increasing incidence rate, particularly among adolescents. Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), though less common than papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), presents greater diagnostic challenges, especially when differentiating from follicular adenoma (FA). Current diagnostic methods lack specificity, underscoring the need for a simple, cost-effective predictive model for FTC.

Development of a UHPLC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Omadacycline in Human Plasma.

Omadacycline is a novel aminomethylcycline antibiotic that retains its antibacterial activity against strain-specific efflux pumps and ribosomal protective protein mechanisms of tetracycline resistance. To determine the concentration of omadacycline in human plasma, an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to provide a basis for therapeutic monitoring of omadacycline in clinical settings. The experimental approach involves using an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.

Hemithyroidectomy Versus Total Thyroidectomy for Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Chinese Nationwide Large-Scale Cohort Study.

Background: Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a rare thyroid malignancy, with 70% to 80% of cases being sporadic (sMTC). Current guidelines recommend total thyroidectomy (TT) for all preoperatively suspicious sMTC, though there has been increasing support for reducing the surgical extent in recent years. However, relevant data are limited.

Associations between phenol and paraben exposure and the risk of developing breast cancer in adult women: a cross-sectional study.

Increasing evidence suggests that endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have adverse effects on breast cancer (BC). The aim of this study was to assess the association between exposure to prevalent EDCs-phenols and parabens-and the risk of developing BC. Data on urinary bisphenol A (BPA), triclosan (TRS), benzophenone-3 (BP3), methyl paraben (MPB), ethyl paraben (EPB), propyl paraben (PPB), and butyl paraben (BUP) were obtained from the 2005-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Interaction study between HIV protease inhibitors and alectinib in rats based on an ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method.

We established an ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method to measure alectinib concentrations in rat plasma and use it to investigate the effect of HIV protease inhibitors on the pharmacokinetic parameters of alectinib in rats. Acetonitrile was used to precipitate the samples. We used a BEH C18 column to perform chromatographic separation on a UPLC system.