Isolation and Identification of a Canine-Derived Lactic Acid Bacterium with Probiotic Potential for Salmonellosis Prevention and Treatment.

Salmonellosis remains a globally prevalent zoonotic disease. Conventional antibiotic therapy for salmonellosis carries risks such as antimicrobial resistance and disruption of intestinal microbiota. Extensive research has demonstrated that probiotics, including lactic acid bacteria (LAB), can serve as an alternative to antibiotics.

A fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein OsFLA8 is involved in Casparian strip formation and salt tolerance in rice.

FASCICLIN-LIKE ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEINs (FLAs), a subclass of plant arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), play diverse roles in plant development, including pollen development, secondary cell wall regulation, and root and stem growth. However, the biological functions of the majority of FLA-encoded proteins in rice remain largely unexplored, particularly their roles in root development and cell wall formation. In this study, we identified OsFLA8, a member of the FLA family, as a critical component of Casparian strip (CS) formation and salt stress tolerance in rice.

FB1 causes barrier damage to vascular endothelial cells through ferroptosis by a PINK1/Parkin mediated mitophagy-dependent mechanism.

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is an environmental mycotoxin produced mainly by fungi of the genus Fusarium. Exposure to FB1 can lead to pulmonary edema in pigs, likely caused by damage to vascular endothelial cells, but the mechanism of FB1-induced damage was unknown. Here, we found that FB1 damages vascular endothelial cells through ferroptosis, marked by iron-dependent membrane lipid peroxidation, and through mitophagy, a selective autophagy that targets mitochondria.

Fumonisin B1 induces oxidative stress, inflammation and necroptosis in IPEC-J2 cells.

Fumonisin B1 (FB1), an important mycotoxin, poses a significant threat to public health and livestock production due to its widespread contamination. Furthermore, the gastrointestinal tract is particularly vulnerable to FB1 exposure given its frequent contamination of staple crops such as corn. Although necroptosis has been recognized as a critical mechanism underlying intestinal damage caused by certain environmental toxins, whether FB1 specifically triggers necroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells remains to be fully elucidated.

Analysis of key microRNA molecules associated with acute kidney injury based on bioinformatics method.

Rationale: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical condition with limited early detection biomarkers and therapeutic options. This study aims to identify differentially expressed genes and potential microRNAs (miRNAs) as detection and therapeutic targets for AKI using bioinformatics-based analysis.

Patient Concerns: The study focuses on AKI as a major health concern with a need for improved biomarkers to monitor and treat this condition effectively.

Phenolics and Phenolic Glycosides from and Their Hepatoprotective Activities.

Thirty compounds including 13 new phenolic glycosides (-, -) and 17 known aromatic compounds and aromatic glycosides (-, -) were isolated from the roots of . The structures of the new phenolic glycosides were established by extensive NMR spectroscopic data analysis as well as chemical derivatization method. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their hepatoprotective activities using cell model of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced HepG2 cells.

Efficacy and intrarenal pressure analysis of flexible and navigable suction ureteral access sheaths with flexible ureteroscopy in modified surgical positions for 2-6 cm upper urinary tract stones: a multicenter retrospective study.

This multicenter retrospective study aimed to assess the efficacy, intrarenal pressure (IRP), and complications of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) using a flexible and navigable suction ureteral access sheaths (FANS-UAS) in the reverse Trendelenburg lithotomy position (RTLP) for treating kidney and upper ureteral stones measuring 2-6 cm. Conducted at six medical centers in Fujian Province from 2022 to 2024, the study included 231 patients with a median stone size of 26 mm. The immediate stone-free rate (ISFR) was 90.

Melatonin Ameliorates Cadmium-Induced Liver Fibrosis Via Modulating Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism.

Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread environmental contaminant with high toxicity to human health. Melatonin has been shown to improve Cd-induced liver damage. However, its mechanism has not yet been elucidated.

Short-term exposure to low doses of aflatoxin B1 aggravates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by TLR4-mediated necroptosis.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a worldwide mycotoxin found in food and foodstuffs, is a potent hepatotoxin in humans and animals. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a widespread disease, could progress from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), hepatic cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To date, little is known concerning the relationship between AFB1 and the progression of NAFLD.

The Current Epizootiological Situation of Three Major Viral Infections Affecting Cattle in Egypt.

One of the major factors hindering efficient livestock production is the presence of high-impact infectious animal diseases, such as foot and mouth disease (FMD), lumpy skin disease (LSD), and bovine ephemeral fever (BEF), which are notable viral infections affecting cattle in Egypt, leading to significant economic losses. FMD is caused by the foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) of the genus in the family. LSD is caused by lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) of genus within the family, subfamily .

Overexpression of OsGASR1 promotes Al tolerance in rice.

Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acid soils poses a significant threat to rice, which exhibits highly complex genetic mechanisms for both external detoxification and internal tolerance among cereal crops. Although several genes involved Al tolerance have been identified, the molecular mechanisms underlying Al tolerance in rice remain to be fully explored. Here, we functionally characterized the gibberellin-stimulated transcription gene OsGASR1, which encodes a small cysteine-rich peptide localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm and plays a significant role in Al tolerance in rice.

Mild endoplasmic reticulum stress alleviates FB1-triggered intestinal pyroptosis via the Sec62-PERK pathway.

Fumonisin B1 (FB1), a water-soluble mycotoxin released by Fusarium moniliforme Sheld, is widely present in corn and its derivative products, and seriously endangers human life and health. Recent studies have reported that FB1 can lead to pyroptosis, however, the mechanisms by which FB1-induced pyroptosis remain indistinct. In the present study, we aim to investigate the mechanisms of pyroptosis in intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) and the relationship between FB1-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and pyroptosis.

Mitophagy-regulated Necroptosis plays a vital role in the nephrotoxicity of Fumonisin B1 in vivo and in vitro.

Fumonisin B1 (FB1), one of the most widely distributed mycotoxins found in grains and feeds as contaminants, affects many organs including the kidney once ingested. However, the nephrotoxicity of FB1 remains to be further uncovered. The connection between necroptosis and nephrotoxicity of FB1 has been investigated in this study.

The role of JAK2/STAT3 pathway in non-cytotoxic concentrations of DON-induced aggravation of inflammatory response in IL-10 deficient RAW264.7 cells.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) as a mycotoxin was commonly found in food and cereals which can affect immune function and inflammatory response. The majority of foods contain DON at levels below the official limit. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of non-cytotoxic concentration of DON on inflammation and its mechanisms using the IL-10 gene-silenced RAW264.

Overexpression of an ART1-Interacting Gene Improves Al Tolerance in Rice.

Rice () exhibits tremendous aluminum (Al)-tolerance. The C2H2-transcription factor (TF) ART1 critically regulates rice Al tolerance via modulation of specific gene expression. However, little is known about the posttranscriptional ART1 regulation.

Melatonin improves cholestatic liver disease via the gut-liver axis.

Cholestatic liver disease is characterized by disturbances in the intestinal microbiota and excessive accumulation of toxic bile acids (BA) in the liver. Melatonin (MT) can improve liver diseases. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Myo10 tail is crucial for promoting long filopodia.

Filopodia are slender cellular protrusions containing parallel actin bundles involved in environmental sensing and signaling, cell adhesion and migration, and growth cone guidance and extension. Myosin 10 (Myo10), an unconventional actin-based motor protein, was reported to induce filopodial initiation with its motor domain. However, the roles of the multifunctional tail domain of Myo10 in filopodial formation and elongation remain elusive.

Small peptide signaling via OsCIF1/2 mediates Casparian strip formation at the root endodermal and nonendodermal cell layers in rice.

The Casparian strip (CS) is a ring-like lignin structure deposited between endodermal cells that forms an apoplastic barrier to control the selective uptake of nutrients in vascular plants. However, the molecular mechanism of CS formation in rice (Oryza sativa), which possesses one CS each in the endodermis and exodermis, is relatively unknown. Here, we functionally characterized CS INTEGRITY FACTOR1 (OsCIF1a, OsCIF1b), OsCIF2, and SCHENGEN3 (OsSGN3a, OsSGN3b) in rice.

Arsenic Exposure-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Regulating SIRT1/PINK1/Mitophagy Axis in Mice and in HK-2 Cells.

Groundwater resources are often contaminated by arsenic, which poses a serious threat to human and animal's health. Some studies have demonstrated that acute arsenic exposure could induce kidney injury because the kidney is a key target organ for toxicity, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. Hence, we investigated the effect of SIRT1-/PINK1-mediated mitophagy on NaAsO-induced kidney injury in vivo and in vitro.

Farnesoid X Receptor Plays a Key Role in Ochratoxin A-Induced Nephrotoxicity by Targeting Ferroptosis In Vivo and In Vitro.

The mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) causes nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and immunotoxicity in animals and humans. The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a member of the NR family and is highly expressed in the kidney, which has an antilipid production function. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death involved in several pathophysiological cell death and kidney injury.

Altered exocytosis of inhibitory synaptic vesicles at single presynaptic terminals of cultured striatal neurons in a knock-in mouse model of Huntington's disease.

Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease caused by the expansion of a cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) trinucleotide repeat in the gene, which encodes the mutant huntingtin protein containing an expanded polyglutamine tract. One of neuropathologic hallmarks of HD is selective degeneration in the striatum. Mechanisms underlying selective neurodegeneration in the striatum of HD remain elusive.

RNF182 induces p65 ubiquitination to affect PDL1 transcription and suppress immune evasion in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: The RING finger (RNF) proteins are a large group of ubiquitin ligases whose aberrant expression is often associated with disease progression. This study examines the function of RNF protein 182 (RNF182) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells and its impact on p65 and programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) regulation.

Methods: Expression of RNF182, p65, and PDL1 in LUAD tissues and cells was measured using immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and/or western blot (WB) assays.