Increased CD163+ Macrophage Activation and High Expression of CD163 Promote Granulosa Cell Apoptosis in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Background: The inflammatory microenvironment disrupts the ovarian niche, impairing granulosa cell function and leading to aberrant follicular development, a key pathological feature of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the precise mechanisms by which inflammation influences granulosa cell function remain poorly understood.

Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from the GSE34526 dataset, with the inflammatory marker CD163 selected for further investigation due to its upregulation in ovarian granulosa cells in PCOS.

A novel immunocompetent transgenic mouse model of DHF reveals Syk-mediated Th2-polarized cytokine storm as a key driver of vascular leakage.

Dengue virus (DENV) infection remains a critical global health threat, with DENV-2 being the most virulent serotype capable of causing lethal dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), a severe complication characterized by plasma leakage and hemorrhagic manifestations. While the search for viral receptors and immunocompetent animal models has persisted since the first recorded outbreak in 1779, significant gaps remain. Here, we establish the first immunocompetent murine model of DHF with intact innate/adaptive immunity by generating hTim4-transgenic C57BL/6J mice.

Modulatory role of radioprotective 105 in mitigating oxidative stress and ferroptosis via the HO-1/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis in sepsis-mediated renal injury.

Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a critical condition characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in intensive care settings. This study focuses on RP105, a pattern recognition receptor, exploring its role in moderating the mechanisms of oxidative stress and ferroptosis during SA-AKI, offering insights into its potential as a therapeutic target. SA-AKI model was established using RP105 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice through cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).

A tooth with multiple supernumerary cusps and taurodontism concurrently accompanied with other taurodont teeth: a rare case report.

Purpose: Supernumerary cusps and taurodontism are both dental anomalies with complex etiology. Their combination in a non-syndromic patient is rare and requires special dental considerations.This case report is to present this occurrence and discuss its clinical significance.

Application of deep learning convolutional neural networks to identify gastric squamous cell carcinoma in mice.

Objective: In non-clinical safety evaluation of drugs, pathological result is one of the gold standards for determining toxic effects. However, pathological diagnosis might be challenging and affected by pathologist expertise. In carcinogenicity studies, drug-induced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the mouse stomach represents a diagnostic challenge for toxicopathologists.

[Quality control strategy for targeted quantitative analysis of chemical pollutants in China National Human Biomonitoring Program].

The China National Human Biomonitoring Program （CNHBP） was launched in 2016. The program aims to obtain representative exposure data of environmental pollutants in the general population by carrying out field epidemiological surveys of Chinese population and monitoring of environmental pollutants in human biological tissues. This work will provide a scientific basis for the government to formulate environmental pollution prevention and control policies.

Maternal Myo-Inositol Deficiency Involved Autophagy Impairment by PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling in Neural Tube Defects During Pregnancy.

Previous studies have demonstrated that peri-conceptional inositol supplementation could effectively ameliorate the recurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs); though, the mechanism remains unclear. In the current investigation, we detected the myo-inositol (MI) levels in maternal plasma and embryonic tissues in a Chinese population with high prevalence of NTDs and found maternal MI deficiency increased NTD susceptibility in this area. Pregnant mice were randomly divided into 2 groups.

Treatment With Schistosoma Japonicum Peptide SJMHE1 and SJMHE1-Loaded Hydrogel for the Mitigation of Psoriasis.

Purpose: Harnessing helminth-induced immunomodulation offers a novel therapeutic avenue for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases; however, research on helminths against psoriasis remains limited. This study evaluates the effects of the peptide SJMHE1 from () on the inflammatory response in imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis mice and LPS-stimulated keratinocytes, as well as the efficacy of SJMHE1-loaded hydrogel on psoriasis in mice.

Methods: SJMHE1 was administered to mice with IMQ-induced psoriasis via topical administration or subcutaneous injection, and effects were evaluated by detecting the skin inflammation of mice.

Lysyl Oxidase-Like 1 (LOXL1) Up-Regulation in Chondrocytes Promotes M1 Macrophage Activation in Osteoarthritis via NF-κB and STAT3 Signaling.

Purpose: Osteoarthritis (OA) constitutes a widespread degenerative joint disease predominantly affecting the elderly, leading to disability. There is still a lack of biomarkers for OA, so it cannot be intervened in time.

Methods: OA biomarkers were identified from human cartilage datasets using LASSO and SVM-RFE, followed by ROC analysis.

Correction: Fan et al. A Human DPP4-Knockin Mouse's Susceptibility to Infection by Authentic and Pseudotyped MERS-CoV. 2018, , 448.

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CVA16 infection causes neurological injury by engaging TLR2/MYD88/TNF-α/CXCL1 signalling pathway in hSCARB2 knock-in mice.

Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16), a major pathogen responsible for hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) in children, has frequently replaced Enterovirus A71 as the predominant causative agent in China and other Asia-Pacific regions. The lack effective drugs and vaccines against this virus exacerbates the concerns on its outbreaks. Clinical reports and laboratory studies indicate that CVA16 infection may lead to neurological injury, but the precise mechanisms remain elusive.

Comparative effectiveness of treatments for recurrent infection: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the most common cause of healthcare-associated infectious diarrhea. A major clinical challenge is recurrent CDI (rCDI) without effective standard drug-based therapy. Additionally, a comprehensive comparison of various therapy effectiveness in rCDI patients is still under investigation.

Bilateral Symmetrical Mandibular Canines with Two Roots and Two Separate Canals: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: The permanent canine usually has a single root and a single root canal. A one-rooted canine with two canals or a canine with two roots and two separate canals may also occur at a lower incidence in the permanent dentition. However, bilateral symmetrical mandibular canines with two roots and two separate canals are less common.

Application of ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral block or intercostal nerve block for acute herpes zoster and prevention of post-herpetic neuralgia: A case-control retrospective trial.

Objectives: Ultrasound (US)-guided intercostal nerve block (ICNB) is an easier approach with a very low incidence of complications for different surgeries; nevertheless, only a few studies estimate the effect of ICNB for acute HZ. To explore the US-guided ICNB for management of herpes zoster (HZ)-related acute pain and possible prophylaxis for post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) taking the conventional thoracic paraverteral block (TPVB) as control.

Methods: A total of 128 patients with HZ were retrospectively stratified into antiviral treatment (AVT) plus US-guided TPVB (TPVB group), AVT plus US-guided ICNB (ICNB group) or AVT alone (control group) based on the treatment they received.

Associations of Serum Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances with Hyperuricemia in Adults: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

There has been widespread concern about the health hazards of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which may be the risk factor for hyperuricemia with evidence still insufficient in the general population in China. Here, we conducted a nationwide study involving 9,580 adults aged 18 years or older from 2017 to 2018, measured serum concentrations of uric acid and PFAS (PFOA, PFOS, 6:2 Cl-PFESA, PFNA, PFHxS) in participants, to assess the associations of individual PFAS with hyperuricemia, and estimated a joint effect of PFAS mixtures. We found positive associations of higher serum PFAS with elevated odds of hyperuricemia in Chinese adults, with the greatest contribution from PFOA (69.

A Triterpene-Based bioactive drug delivery system for combined chemotherapy of liver cancer.

Carrier materials always account for the majority particularly in nanosized formulations, which are administrated along with the active ingredient part might result in metabolism related toxicity. The usage of bioactive excipients could not only reduce the sided effect but also provide additional therapeutic effects. In the present study, a triterpene based micellar drug delivery system was developed using a bioactive solanesol derivative.

Overexpression of wild-type HRAS drives non-alcoholic steatohepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma in mice.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a prevalent solid carcinoma of significant concern, is an aggressive and often fatal disease with increasing global incidence rates and poor therapeutic outcomes. The etiology and pathological progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related HCC is multifactorial and multistage. However, no single animal model can accurately mimic the full NASH-related HCC pathological progression, posing considerable challenges to transition and mechanistic studies.

Identifying CTH and MAP1LC3B as ferroptosis biomarkers for prognostic indication in gastric cancer decoding.

Gastric cancer (GC), known for its high incidence and poor prognosis, urgently necessitates the identification of reliable prognostic biomarkers to enhance patient outcomes. We scrutinized data from 375 GC patients alongside 32 non-cancer controls, sourced from the TCGA database. A univariate Cox Proportional Hazards Model (COX) regression was employed to evaluate expressions of ferroptosis-related genes.

Integrating artificial intelligence in osteosarcoma prognosis: the prognostic significance of SERPINE2 and CPT1B biomarkers.

The principal aim of this investigation is to identify pivotal biomarkers linked to the prognosis of osteosarcoma (OS) through the application of artificial intelligence (AI), with an ultimate goal to enhance prognostic prediction. Expression profiles from 88 OS cases and 396 normal samples were procured from accessible public databases. Prognostic models were established using univariate COX regression analysis and an array of AI methodologies including the XGB method, RF method, GLM method, SVM method, and LASSO regression analysis.

A nomogram based on MRI radiomics features of mesorectal fat for diagnosing T2- and T3-stage rectal cancer.

Purpose: To develop and validate a nomogram for the preoperative diagnosis of T2 and T3 stage rectal cancer using MRI radiomics features of mesorectal fat.

Methods: The data of 288 patients with T2 and T3 stage rectal cancer were retrospectively collected. Radiomics features were extracted from the lesion region of interest (ROI) in the MRI high-resolution T2WI, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences.

Effect of antiplatelet therapy after COVID-19 diagnosis: A systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may predispose patients to thrombotic disease in the venous and arterial circulations.

Methods: Based on the current debate on antiplatelet therapy in COVID-19 patients, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of antiplatelet treatments. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science on February 1, 2023, and only included Randomized clinical trials.