Potential of Combination of CE-MRI and Serum Her-2neu Extracellular Domain in Evaluating Effectiveness of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer.

Background And Objectives: The incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer continue to pose significant challenges. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is now established as a standardized treatment for locally advanced breast cancer. Notably, a subset of breast cancer patients may attain pathological complete remission (pCR) through neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Efficient bovine sex selection via Toll-like receptors 7/8 agonist 24e through the GSK3α/β-hexokinase pathway.

Sex selection is pivotal in animal husbandry and reproductive biotechnology, critical for preferential production of male beef cattle and female dairy herds. Current bovine sex selection via flow cytometry is limited by high costs, low efficiency, and sperm motility damage. This study revealed X sperm-specific Toll-like receptors 7/8 (TLR7/8) expression.

Systemically delivered lipid nanoparticle-mRNA encoding lysosomal acid β-glucosidase restores the enzyme deficiency in a murine Gaucher disease model.

Gaucher disease (GD) is a rare genetically inherited illness caused by loss of lysosomal acid β-glucosidase (β-GCase) that leads to progressive accumulation of substrates, sphingolipid glucosylceramide (GL1) and glucosylsphingosine (lyso-GL1). The protein-based enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) requires frequent dosing due to short drug half-life causing challenges in long-term patient compliance. JCXH-301 is a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) encapsulated messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding β-GCase.

Development of an Influenza/COVID-19 Combination mRNA Vaccine Containing a Novel Multivalent Antigen Design That Enhances Immunogenicity of Influenza Virus B Hemagglutinins.

Background/objectives: Developing next-generation mRNA-based seasonal influenza vaccines remains challenging, primarily because of the relatively low immunogenicity of influenza B hemagglutinin (HA) antigens. We describe a systematic vaccine development strategy that combined vector and antigen design optimization.

Methods: Novel untranslated region (UTR) sequences and a hybrid poly(A) tail were used to increase plasmid stability and mRNA expression.

Echocardiographic Prediction of Hemodynamics During Acute Vasoreactivity Testing in Pediatric Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Purpose: In pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), echocardiography is frequently used to assess response to acute vasodilator therapy. We sought to evaluate whether echocardiography is sensitive enough to detect significant changes in hemodynamics using two commonly used thresholds (Barst and Sitbon criteria) as benchmarks to establish a positive response.

Methods: Simultaneous echocardiography and invasive hemodynamics were obtained in 71 children with PAH at their baseline and maximal vasodilatory conditions.

Comprehensive Study of Groundwater Hydrochemistry, Driving Forces, and Health Risks in Representative Rural Agglomerations, Northern China.

Groundwater resources are the main sources of water for agricultural production and livelihoods in rural agglomerations (RA) in northern China. In 2018 and 2020, 44 and 28 sets of various groundwater samples were systematically collected, respectively, to advance scientific research and enhance the management of groundwater resources. The study employed the following research methods: Gibbs diagrams, ion ratio relationships, and multivariate statistical analysis.

Garlic-Derived Exosome-Like Nanovesicles: A Promising Natural Nanotherapy for Periodontitis via PHGDH/PI3K/AKT-Mediated Metabolic and Inflammatory Regulation.

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to alveolar bone loss, with a complex pathogenesis closely associated with excessive local inflammation and metabolic dysregulation in periodontal tissues. Unfortunately, effective therapeutic strategies targeting inflammation and improving cellular metabolism remain lacking. Garlic-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (GaELNs), as a natural therapeutic agent, have demonstrated significant therapeutic effects in conditions such as colitis, liver dysfunction, osteoarthritis, and adipose tissue inflammation, yet their potential in treating periodontitis has not been explored.

Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) inhibit M1 macrophage polarization and reduce alveolar bone loss associated with periodontitis.

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease and macrophages play a pivotal role in the progression of periodontitis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of periodontitis due to their immunomodulatory properties and capacity for tissue regeneration. Compared to conventionally derived MSCs, induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs (iMSCs) offer distinct advantages as promising candidates for MSC-based therapies, owing to their non-invasive acquisition methods and virtually unlimited availability.

Study on the Impurity Profile and its Correlation with the Production Process in the Estazolam API and Tablets.

Background: Estazolam is a benzodiazepine drug widely used in clinical practice. Currently, estazolam tablets on the Chinese market are generic drugs. To meet the requirements of national standards and uniformity, the impurity analysis methods were developed for active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and tablets of estazolam.

A Modified Intrabony Defect Model of Periodontitis in Rat.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the radiographic depth of the periodontal bone defect, as well as clinical and histological outcomes, between the proposed ligated defect model and the current non-ligated defect model, which often heals spontaneously and fails to replicate the complexities of periodontitis.

Methods: The proposed model combined osteotomy to create controlled periodontal bone defects (depth of 1.5 mm) and ligature placement around the cervical region of the maxillary first molar to induce inflammation.

The Impact of MSTN Gene Editing on Meat Quality and Metabolomics: A Comparative Study Among Three Breeds of MSTN-Edited and Non-Edited Cattle.

Myostatin (MSTN) serves as a negative regulatory factor for muscle development. A reduction in MSTN gene expression can enhance muscle mass and increase meat production. However, whether it will impact meat quality traits remains one of the major concerns in the cattle breeding industry.

Diffusion Tensor Imaging Analysis Along the Perivascular Space (DTI-ALPS) Demonstrates That Sleep Disorders Exacerbate Glymphatic Circulatory Impairment and Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease.

Objective: Sleep disorders are common in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and can impair the glymphatic system, leading to cognitive decline. This study aimed to investigate whether AD patients with sleep disorders exhibit worse glymphatic function and more severe cognitive impairment compared to those without sleep disorders and to explore the underlying molecular imaging mechanisms.

Methods: This study included 40 AD patients with sleep disorders (ADSD), 39 cognitively matched AD patients without sleep disorders (ADNSD), and 25 healthy middle-aged and elderly controls (NC).

Characterization of dynamic interplay among different channels during immiscible displacement in porous media under different flow rates.

Although immiscible displacement in porous media has been extensively studied, a more comprehensive analysis of the underlying dynamic behaviors is still necessary. In this work, we conducted experimental and theoretical analyses on the dynamic interplay among channels during immiscible displacement under varying flow rates. In a rock-structured microfluidic chip, we observed typical displacement patterns, including viscous fingering and capillary fingering, and analyzed their frontiers and efficiencies.

Prospective study on the association between 36 human blood cell traits and pan-cancer outcomes: a mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Research on the link between blood cell traits and cancer risk has gained significant attention. Traditional epidemiological and cell biology studies, have identified correlations between blood traits and cancer risks. These findings are important as they suggest potential risk factors and biological mechanisms.

Pacemaker lead extraction saved a severe lead-induced tricuspid regurgitation: a case report.

Background: Pacemaker lead-induced tricuspid regurgitation is a common complication after cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation. Cardiac implantable electronic device lead removal is a challenge procedure.

Case Summary: A 72-year-old lady was admitted due to worsening heart failure.

Cognitive impairment mediates the white matter injury load and gait disorders in subcortical ischemic vascular disease.

Gait disorders are common in patients with subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD). We aim to explore the impact of white matter (WM) damage on gait disorders in SIVD. 21 SIVD patients and 20 normal controls (NC) were included in the study.

The Value of Radiomics Features Based on HRCT in Predicting whether the Lung Sub-Centimeter Pure Ground Glass Nodule is Benign or Malignant.

Objective: In this study, a radiomics model was created based on High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) images to noninvasively predict whether the sub-centimeter pure Ground Glass Nodule (pGGN) is benign or malignant.

Methods: A total of 235 patients (251 sub-centimeter pGGNs) who underwent preoperative HRCT scans and had postoperative pathology results were retrospectively evaluated. The nodules were randomized in a 7:3 ratio to the training (n=175) and the validation cohort (n=76).

Radiomics analysis of lesion-specific pericoronary adipose tissue to predict major adverse cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease.

Objective: To investigate the prognostic performance of radiomics analysis of lesion-specific pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) with the guidance of CT derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) in coronary artery disease (CAD).

Materials And Methods: The study retrospectively analyzed 608 CAD patients who underwent coronary CT angiography. Lesion-specific PCAT was determined by the lowest CT-FFR value and 1691 radiomic features were extracted.

Thymoquinone: An Effective Natural Compound for Kidney Protection.

Kidney disease is a common health problem worldwide. Acute or chronic injuries may interfere with kidney functions, eventually resulting in irreversible kidney damage. A number of recent studies have shown that the plant-derived natural products have an extensive potential for renal protection.

Intravenous administration of IL-12 encoding self-replicating RNA-lipid nanoparticle complex leads to safe and effective antitumor responses.

Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a potent immunostimulatory cytokine mainly produced by antigen-presenting cells (e.g., dendritic cells, macrophages) and plays an important role in innate and adaptive immunity against cancers.

The Effects of PICALM rs3851179 and Age on Brain Atrophy and Cognition Along the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum.

Rs3851179, a variant of PICALM gene, and age are the risk factors of Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is divided into early-onset AD (EOAD, < 65 years) and late-onset AD (LOAD, ≥ 65 years) by age. The purpose was to investigate the impact of different genotypes of PICALM rs3851179 on brain atrophy and cognitive decline across the AD continuum in different age groups.

A nomogram based on MRI radiomics features of mesorectal fat for diagnosing T2- and T3-stage rectal cancer.

Purpose: To develop and validate a nomogram for the preoperative diagnosis of T2 and T3 stage rectal cancer using MRI radiomics features of mesorectal fat.

Methods: The data of 288 patients with T2 and T3 stage rectal cancer were retrospectively collected. Radiomics features were extracted from the lesion region of interest (ROI) in the MRI high-resolution T2WI, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences.

Digital gait markers to potentially distinguish fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome, Parkinson's disease, and essential tremor.

Background: Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), a neurodegenerative disease that affects carriers of a 55-200 CGG repeat expansion in the () gene, may be given an incorrect initial diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) or essential tremor (ET) due to overlapping motor symptoms. It is critical to characterize distinct phenotypes in FXTAS compared to PD and ET to improve diagnostic accuracy. Fast as possible (FP) speed and dual-task (DT) paradigms have the potential to distinguish differences in gait performance between the three movement disorders.