Sunflower Enhances Photosynthesis, Grain Yields, and Stress Tolerance of Rice.

GOLDEN2-LIKEs (GLKs) are important transcription factors for the chloroplast development influencing photosynthesis, nutrition, senescence, and stress response in plants. Sunflower () is a highly photosynthetic plant; here, a -homologues gene was identified from the sunflower genome by bioinformatics. To analyze the bio-function of , transgenic rice plants overexpressing () were constructed and characterized via phenotype.

Homogeneous Electrochemical Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Strategy Based On pH-Mediated Redox Potential Regulation.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is widely recognized as the gold standard for protein detection. However, its reliance on expensive and bulky optical instruments limits its use in point-of-care and resource-limited settings. Electrochemical technique emerges as a promising alternative due to its low cost, portability, and simple instrumentation.

Large-scale genomic deletion in activates immune responses and confers resistance to rice bacterial blight.

Lesion mimic mutants (LMMs) are invaluable for uncovering the molecular mechanisms of programmed cell death (PCD) and plant immunity and identifying more LMMs expands our understanding of these complex processes. In this study, we characterized a novel rice LMM, , identified through heavy-ion beam irradiation. The mutant exhibits reddish-brown lesions from the tillering stage, reduced plant height, grain size, and fertility.

Genome-wide identification of VOZ gene family in ten cotton species and the function analysis of GhVOZ2 involved in heat stress response.

Background: Vascular plant one zinc-finger protein (VOZ) is a type of special transcription factor and plays important roles in regulating various biological processes in plants. However, a genome-wide analysis of VOZ gene family in cotton is still not clear, which greatly limits the further understanding of VOZ gene function and regulatory mechanism.

Results: We identified 44 VOZ family genes in ten cotton species including 3 in Gossypium herbaceum, G.

A GhBGH2-GhGLK1 Regulatory Module Mediates Salt Tolerance in Cotton.

Soil salinisation, exacerbated by climate change and human activities such as irrigation mismanagement, improper land use and excessive fertilisation, has become a major constraint on global crop production by disrupting fundamental metabolic processes like seed germination and photosynthesis. In our previous work, transcriptome sequencing of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cotton germplasms identified Gh_D04G136300, a negative regulatory gene downregulated in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive materials. Phylogenetic analysis revealed its closest homologue to be AtBGH2, leading to its designation as GhBGH2.

An integrated widely targeted metabolomics and network pharmacology study of Persicaria runcinata var. Sinensis against arthritis.

The present study aimed to investigate the material basis of Persicaria runcinata var. sinensis (Hemsl.) Bo Li using widely targeted metabolomics and network pharmacology techniques.

Progressive Adaptation of Subtype H6N1 Avian Influenza Virus in Taiwan Enhances Mammalian Infectivity, Pathogenicity, and Transmissibility.

The interspecies transmission of avian influenza viruses remains a significant public health concern. H6 viruses have gained attention following the first human infection by a chicken-origin H6N1 virus (A/Taiwan/02/2013, Hu/13), highlighting their zoonotic potential. To understand the evolutionary trajectory and mammalian adaptation of this Taiwan lineage, we compared two avian isolates (A/Chicken/Taiwan/CF19/2009, Ck/09; A/Chicken/Taiwan/2267/2012, Ck/12) and Hu/13 in vitro and in vivo.

Overexpression of the Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Gene Promotes Flavonoid Accumulation in .

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) serves as a pivotal regulatory enzyme at the initial branching point of the phenylpropanoid pathway, exerting a profound influence on downstream reactions essential for flavonoid biosynthesis. species are important medicinal plants and provide plenty of roots as raw materials for further utilization, with the components of glycyrrhizic acid and flavonoids as two major active ingredients. However, functional studies of the genes in the medicinal species remain limited.

Clathrin-mediated trafficking regulates copper tolerance by modulating the localization of HEAVY METAL ATPase 5 in Arabidopsis root cells.

Plant clathrin and its adaptor protein complexes-adaptor protein complex-1 (AP-1) at the trans-Golgi network/early endosome (TGN/EE) and the adaptor protein complex-2 (AP-2) at the plasma membrane (PM)-function in clathrin-mediated trafficking (CMT). This study reports the role of CMT in regulating copper (Cu) tolerance in plants. We found that high concentrations of exogenous Cu treatment increase the abundance of clathrin and adaptor protein complexes at the TGN/EE and/or the PM.

Engineering of photorespiration-dependent glycine betaine biosynthesis improves photosynthetic carbon fixation and panicle architecture in rice.

In C plants, photorespiration is an energy expensive pathway that competes with photosynthetic CO assimilation and releases CO into the atmosphere, potentially reducing C plant productivity by 20%-50%. Consequently, reducing the flux through photorespiration has been recognized as a major way to improve C crop photosynthetic carbon fixation and productivity. While current research efforts in engineering photorespiration are mainly based on the modification of chloroplast glycolate metabolic steps, only limited studies have explored optimizations in other photorespiratory metabolic steps.

Predictive role of lactylation-related gene signature in the prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder cancer.

Objective: Lactylation is a type of chemical modification involving the introduction of lactyl groups to a molecule which can affect the interactions between tumor cells and their microenvironment. This study aims to evaluate the possible role of lactylation-related gene signature in the prediction of both prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder cancer (BLCA).

Methods: Lactylation-related genes were obtained from the published work and two subtypes (cluster A and B) were identified through unsupervised clustering.

The transcriptional analysis of pepper shed light on a proviral role of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein 13 during infection of pepper mild mottle virus.

Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), a member of the genus , causes severe damage on pepper worldwide. Despite its impact, the pathogenicity mechanisms of PMMoV and the pepper plant's response to infection remain poorly understood. Here, we compared the transcriptomic changes in a susceptible pepper inbred line 21C241 with a resistant inbred line 21C385 seedlings, following systemic PMMoV infection using RNA sequencing.

A miR-219-5p-bmal1b negative feedback loop contributes to circadian regulation in zebrafish.

MicroRNAs post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and contribute to numerous life processes, including circadian rhythms. However, whether miRNAs contribute to zebrafish circadian regulation has not yet been investigated. Here, we showed that mature miR-219-5p, and its three pre-miRNAs, mir-219-1, mir-219-2, and mir-219-3, are rhythmically expressed primarily in Tectum opticum (TeO), Corpus cerebelli (CCe), and Crista cerellaris (CC) of the zebrafish brain.

Mutation of rice EARLY LEAF LESION AND SENESCENCE 1 (ELS1), which encodes an anthranilate synthase α-subunit, induces ROS accumulation and cell death through activating the tryptophan synthesis pathway in rice.

Lesion-mimic mutants (LMMs) serve as valuable resources for uncovering the molecular mechanisms that govern programmed cell death (PCD) in plants. Despite extensive research, the regulatory mechanisms of PCD and lesion formation in various LMMs remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we identified a rice LMM named early leaf lesion and senescence 1 (els1), cloned the causal gene through map-based cloning, and confirmed its function through complementation.

Self-Powered FEN1 Biosensor Based on Accelerated CRISPR/Cas Trans-Cleavage around Porous FeO Nanoparticles.

Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) is a structure-specific endonuclease that plays a critical role in the maintenance of genome integrity. In this work, we demonstrate a novel self-powered electrochemical FEN1 biosensor for potential applications in molecular diagnosis. Porous FeO nanoparticles are first prepared, and single-strand DNA probes are absorbed on the surface of the nanoparticles.

The pleiotropic functions of GOLDEN2-LIKE transcription factors in plants.

The regulation of gene expression is crucial for biological plant growth and development, with transcription factors (TFs) serving as key switches in this regulatory mechanism. GOLDEN2-LIKE (GLK) TFs are a class of functionally partially redundant nuclear TFs belonging to the GARP superfamily of MYB TFs that play a key role in regulating genes related to photosynthesis and chloroplast biogenesis. Here, we summarized the current knowledge of the pleiotropic roles of GLKs in plants.

Experimental data on filling and emptying of a large-scale pipeline.

Laboratory-scale experiments are one of the most important means to explore the evolution of air-water interfaces and the mechanisms of pressure oscillations in pipelines during rapid filling and emptying processes. This study presents a dataset obtained from the experimental results of the flow behaviours during the pressure-gradient-driven filling and emptying processes of a large-scale pipeline. Based on these data, it is possible to study the evolution of the water-air and air-water interfaces and their breaking during pipe filling and emptying.

[Experimental teaching design of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in rice breeding application].

The CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology has proven to be valuable in crop breeding applications. Understanding and mastering this technology will provide a strong foundation for students majoring in biology, agronomy, and related fields to engage in scientific research and work. To incorporate CRISPR/Cas9 technology into experimental teaching courses at colleges, an innovative teaching experiment entitled "Enhancing the resistance of rice plants to bacterial blight disease using CRISPR/Cas9 technology" was designed.

Disease resistance features of the executor gene reveal novel insights into the interaction between rice and pv. .

Bacterial blight (BB), caused by pv. (), is a widespread and destructive disease in rice production. Previously, we cloned an executor gene, , which confers durable and broad-spectrum resistance to BB.

OsACA9, an Autoinhibited Ca-ATPase, Synergically Regulates Disease Resistance and Leaf Senescence in Rice.

Calcium (Ca) is a versatile intracellular second messenger that regulates several signaling pathways involved in growth, development, stress tolerance, and immune response in plants. Autoinhibited Ca-ATPases (ACAs) play an important role in the regulation of cellular Ca homeostasis. Here, we systematically analyzed the putative OsACA family members in rice, and according to the phylogenetic tree of OsACAs, OsACA9 was clustered into a separated branch in which its homologous gene in was reported to be involved in defense response.

[Identification and expression analysis of the gene family in strawberry].

YABBY proteins are important transcription factors that regulate morphogenesis and organ development in plants. In order to study the YABBY of strawberry, bioinformatic technique were used to identify the gene families in (diploid) and × (octoploid), and then analyze the sequence characters, phylogeny and collinearity of the family members. The RNA-seq data and the quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technique were used to assay the expression patterns of the family members.

Identification, evolution, and expression of GDSL-type Esterase/Lipase (GELP) gene family in three cotton species: a bioinformatic analysis.

Background: GDSL esterase/lipases (GELPs) play important roles in plant growth, development, and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Presently, an extensive and in-depth analysis of GELP family genes in cotton is still not clear enough, which greatly limits the further understanding of cotton GELP function and regulatory mechanism.

Results: A total of 389 GELP family genes were identified in three cotton species of Gossypium hirsutum (193), G.