Prevalence and molecular basis of resistance to echinocandins among clinical Candida glabrata isolates in Guangdong province, China.

Background: Infections caused by Candida glabrata have raised increasing concerns, particularly due to the increasing resistance to echinocandins.

Objectives: This study investigated echinocandins susceptibility trends in C. glabrata isolates and explored the mechanisms driving resistance.

Clinical management implications from 33,579 urinary stones: novel patterns in composition, comorbidities, seasonal variation, and machine learning-based urosepsis prediction.

Background: While urolithiasis affects up to 14.8% of the global population, comprehensive analyses of stone composition patterns in relation to multiple comorbidities, seasonal variations, and infection risk remain limited.

Methods: We analyzed 33,579 urinary stones collected from 2014-2024 in Southern China.

Chemosensory Tobacco Product Toxicology Part 1: Sensory Mechanisms.

Chemosensory systems detect and discriminate a wide variety of molecules to monitor internal and external chemical environments. They initiate olfactory, gustatory, and chemesthetic sensations, influence human brain cognition and emotion, and guide a wide variety of behaviors essential for survival, including protective reactions, such as avoidance of contaminated foods and potential toxicants. Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) aerosolize e-liquids for inhaled consumption that typically contain flavorants, propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), and nicotine.

Chemosensory Tobacco Product Toxicology Part 2: Toxicological Testing, Assays, and State of the Science.

The toxicologic impacts to normative function of the chemosensory system and loss of its contribution to organism protection and homeostasis remain an underrepresented area of interest in the published literature. The impact of chemical constituents in ENDS e-liquids or aerosol on the chemosensory system is even less known, as are the effects on product selection and use behavior-and may be an overlooked impact on the public health. This review is a snapshot of the current state of the science and opportunities for improving and increasing the volume of publications in chemosensory toxicology, on the potential impacts of tobacco products.

Clinical and Molecular Epidemiological Characteristics of 26 Bloodstream Infection Cases Caused by Candida tropicalis.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the clinical and molecular epidemiological characteristics of bloodstream infections caused by Candida tropicalis.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of patients diagnosed with C. tropicalis bloodstream infections from January 2020 to December 2022.

The lateral habenula contributes to regulation of body temperature.

The lateral habenula (LHb) is implicated in the regulation of numerous physiological functions, particularly those associated with thermoregulation. It exhibits close anatomical and functional connections with the key brain regions that play a crucial role in regulating body temperature. However, whether the LHb directly contributes to temperature regulation remains unclear.

Pathogenicity factor p22 of tomato chlorosis virus interferes with abscisic acid-mediated antiviral defenses by disrupting the function of WRKY81 in tomato.

Abscisic acid (ABA) is essential for plant resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses, but its regulation during virus infection and role in antiviral defense remain poorly understood. Here, we report that overexpression of SlWRKY81 led to increased ABA accumulation, whereas silencing SlWRKY81 reduced ABA levels in tomato plants. Further analysis revealed that SlWRKY81 directly binds the promoters of ABA biosynthesis genes SlABA2 and SlABA3, thereby activating their expression.

Celastrol improves endothelial function in diet-induced obesity mice via attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress through the activation of AMPK pathway.

Background: Diet-induced obesity (DIO) is a significant factor in endothelial dysfunction. Celastrol, a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative pentacyclic triterpene, has shown promise as a protective agent against cardiovascular disease. However, the specific protective effects and mechanisms of celastrol in preventing endothelial dysfunction in diet-induced obesity are not yet fully understood.

Prenatal ultrasound prediction of coarctation of the aorta: a nomogram for risk stratification.

Background: Coarctation of the aorta is one of the most common congenital heart malformations, accounting for approximately 7% of all live births with congenital heart disease. It is crucial to make a definitive prenatal diagnosis as it can inform clinical treatment decisions.

Objective: The diagnostic criteria for coarctation of the aorta are still controversial, and there is currently no risk nomogram available to assess the probability of coarctation of the aorta using routine ultrasound parameters.

Hydrolase P1 in Bacillus velezensis HN-2 confers tobacco resistance by delaying TMV infection.

Background: Tobacco is a critical cash crop globally, contributing significantly to government revenues. However, its production is severely threatened by tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), which causes substantial yield and quality losses, leading to economic damage. Given the limited efficacy of chemical controls, biological control methods have gained prominence.

Comparison of the predictive value of TyG index and METS-IR for OSA combined with NAFLD: a retrospective observational study based on a physical examination population.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and insulin resistance (IR) are interlinked. The aim of our study was to investigate the predictive value of metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) and triglyceride-glucose(TyG) index in relation to OSA combined with NAFLD in physical examination population.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study.

Exploring unified cross-view hypergraph generation for multi-view semi-supervised classification.

Graph structure is widely used in the field of multi-view learning. Hypergraph which is a kind of extension of graph can capture the higher-order relationships of nodes in a better way. However, most existing hypergraph-based models are based on the assumption that hypergraph structures are readily available, which is untenable in most cases.

Psychiatric comorbidities predict seizure recurrence in newly treated adults with epilepsy.

Objective: At least 30 % to 40 % of patients newly treated for epilepsy experience further seizures despite initiation of appropriate antiseizure medication (ASM) treatment. This study aimed to identify clinically useful predictors of seizure recurrence in newly treated adults with epilepsy which would have major clinical benefits.

Methods: This work is a prospective cohort study conducted in Northeast China between June 2017 and May 2022.

Association of seizure control during pregnancy with adverse offspring outcomes in women with epilepsy.

Background: Information on fetal risks with maternal seizures during pregnancy is scarce. This study investigates seizure control during pregnancy and fetal risks associated with maternal seizures in different stages of pregnancy among pregnant women with epilepsy (PWWE).

Methods: The nested case-control study enrolled PWWE between 2009 and 2023 in China.

Sodium channel blockers for the treatment of focal epilepsy: A Chinese expert consensus.

Purpose: To provide consensus-based recommendations for the use of sodium channel blockers (SCBs) in the management of focal epilepsy.

Methods: A three-round modified Delphi procedure was conducted among a Delphi panel of 24 Chinese experts to build a consensus. A steering committee developed 9 statements related to SCBs for the treatment of focal epilepsy, and these statements were evaluated and voted upon by the expert panel.

Fatigue, sleep quality, depression symptoms, and antiseizure medication resistance in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy.

Background: Complaints of fatigue and poor sleep quality are common in patients with epilepsy. Fatigue may precipitate seizures, and patients with poor sleep quality have higher frequency of seizures and are more likely to have symptoms of depression.

Objectives: This study aims to determine the association of baseline fatigue and sleep quality with antiseizure medication (ASM) resistance in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy (PWNDE).

Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network with Adaptive Relation Reconstruction.

Topological structures of real-world graphs often exhibit heterogeneity involving diverse nodes and relation types. In recent years, heterogeneous graph learning methods utilizing meta-paths to capture composite relations and guide neighbor selection have garnered considerable attention. However, meta-path based approaches may establish connections between nodes of different categories while overlooking relations between nodes of the same category, decreasing the quality of node embeddings.

Incidence and risk factors of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy in rural Northeast China.

Purpose: This prospective cohort study aims to provide detailed data on the incidence and risk factors of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP).

Methods: We recruited 6,513 patients with convulsive epilepsy from rural areas of Northeast China for regular follow-ups. Mortality cases, including probable and suspected SUDEP, were identified through death certificates, verbal autopsies, and expert panel discussions.

Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal a potential role of ATF3 in brain metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Brain metastasis (BrM) has been a challenge for lung cancer treatment, but the mechanisms underlying lung cancer BrM remain elusive. This study aims to dissect cellular components and their spatial distribution in human BrM tumors of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and identify potential therapeutic targets.

Methods: We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) on three LUAD BrMs, and validated our findings using public scRNA-seq data of 10 LUAD BrMs.

The transcriptional analysis of pepper shed light on a proviral role of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein 13 during infection of pepper mild mottle virus.

Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), a member of the genus , causes severe damage on pepper worldwide. Despite its impact, the pathogenicity mechanisms of PMMoV and the pepper plant's response to infection remain poorly understood. Here, we compared the transcriptomic changes in a susceptible pepper inbred line 21C241 with a resistant inbred line 21C385 seedlings, following systemic PMMoV infection using RNA sequencing.

Global burden of heart failure and its underlying causes in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2021.

Background And Aims: Heart failure (HF) presents a significant global health challenge due to its rising prevalence and impact on disability. This study aims to comprehensively analyse the global burden of HF and its underlying causes.

Methods And Results: Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, we analysed the prevalence and years lived with disability (YLD) of HF, examining its implications across diverse demographics and geographic regions.

Characteristics, outcomes and the necessity of continued guideline-directed medical therapy in patients with heart failure with improved ejection fraction.

Background: Much remains to be learned about patients with heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF).

Objective: This study sheds light on the characteristics and clinical outcomes of HFimpEF patients, including the consequences of halting guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT).

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on patients diagnosed with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) who underwent a second echocardiogram at least 6 months apart between January 2009 and February 2023.

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Valvular Heart Disease, 1990 to 2021.

Background: Valvular heart disease poses an escalating global health challenge with an increasing impact on mortality and disability. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the global burden of valvular heart disease.

Methods And Results: Using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 data, we analyzed the prevalence and disability-adjusted life years, examining implications across demographics and geographic regions.

Atrial and ventricular functional mitral regurgitation: prevalence, characteristics, outcomes, and disease progression.

Aims: Limited data exist on the natural history of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR), including atrial (AFMR), ventricular (VFMR), and dual FMR. This study examined the prevalence, characteristics, outcomes, and progression of these FMR subtypes.

Methods And Results: Consecutive patients with ≥mild to moderate FMR were included and classified as AFMR, VFMR, or dual FMR.