Exploring the causal role of plasma metabolites in pediatric asthma: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Pediatric asthma (PA) is the prevailing chronic respiratory ailment in childhood. A better understanding of plasma metabolites is the goal for elucidating the molecular pathological mechanisms of PA and investigating novel therapeutic approaches.

Methods: Data for PA from Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) was derived from the IEU-OpenGWAS project, featuring a collection of 1400 plasma metabolites.

Association between platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and blood urea nitrogen levels in pediatric populations: evidence from the NHANES (2009-2018).

Background: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) reflects renal function and protein metabolism, while the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a common inflammatory marker. Though studied in adults, their relationship with children is unclear. This study aims to explore this association in children aged 12-18 years using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2018 data and evaluate PLR as a potential non-invasive marker for renal function.

Mechanistic study of the association between microRNA-126 and hypertension in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.

Objective: This study explored miRNA-126 and HIF-1α levels in patients with OSAHS-related hypertension. To analyze the relationship between miRNA-126 and OSAHS-related hypertension and explore the pathogenic mechanisms of miRNA-126 and the HIF-1α pathway.

Materials And Methods: The 120 participants were assigned to four groups based on their apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the presence of hypertension: healthy control group, hypertension group, non-hypertensive OSAHS group, and OSAHS-related hypertension group, with 30 objects in each group.

Strontium regulating lipid metabolism of bovine hepatocytes via SIRT1/SREBPs pathway.

Periparturient dairy cows are susceptible to negative energy balance (NEB), which triggers excessive adipose mobilization, leading to elevated plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and hepatic lipid accumulation. While strontium (Sr) has shown metabolic regulatory potential, its role in hepatic lipid homeostasis remains unclear. Using an NEFA-induced lipid accumulation model in bovine hepatocytes, we demonstrated that Sr (5-20 μM) significantly reduced intracellular triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels.

Phospholipase C epsilon 1 aggravates β-amyloid-associated cognitive impairments and pyroptosis through activating the RAC1-STAT3 pathway in Alzheimer disease models.

Increased phospholipase C epsilon 1 (PLCE1) gene expression has been observed in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), but its roles in AD remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of PLCE1 expression in AD models. Rats were divided into 4 groups: sham+AAV-shNC (negative control), sham+AAV-shPLCE1, Aβ+AAV-shNC, and Aβ + AAV-shPLCE1.

Uric acid reduces the expression of aquaporins in renal collecting ducts to increase urine output in hyperuricemia.

Background: Hyperuricemia (HUA) has attracted wide attention due to its close relationship with gout, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity, atherosclerotic heart disease, type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Clinical observations suggest that people with high levels of serum uric acid (sUA) exhibits impaired urine concentration. We speculate that UA may regulate the expression of AQPs through inflammatory pathways, resulting in impaired renal urine concentration.

IR813-Induced Photothermal Therapy: Leveraging Immunogenic Cell Death for Cancer Treatment.

: Photothermal therapy has the potential to enhance the precision and safety of oncological treatments. However, applicable photothermal agents associated with its photothermal activated immunogenic cell death remain exploiting. : This study evaluates the effectiveness of IR813, a photothermal agent, combined with near-infrared (NIR) light for cancer treatment.

The crosstalk of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and p53 in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease.

Wnt/β-catenin is a signaling pathway associated with embryonic development, organ formation, cancer, and fibrosis. Its activation can repair kidney damage during acute kidney injury (AKI) and accelerate the occurrence of renal fibrosis after chronic kidney disease (CKD). Interestingly, p53 has also been found as a key modulator in AKI and CKD in recent years.

Development and validation of a scoring system to predict the mortality of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron: a nationwide, multicentre study.

Background: The Omicron variant broke out in China at the end of 2022, causing a considerable number of severe cases and even deaths. The study aimed to identify risk factors for death in patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection and to establish a scoring system for predicting mortality.

Methods: 1817 patients were enrolled at eight hospitals in China from December 2022 to May 2023, including 815 patients in the training group and 1002 patients in the validation group.

ABBV-744 alleviates LPS-induced neuroinflammation via regulation of BATF2-IRF4-STAT1/3/5 axis.

Suppression of neuroinflammation using small molecule compounds targeting the key pathways in microglial inflammation has attracted great interest. Recently, increasing attention has been gained to the role of the second bromodomain (BD2) of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) proteins, while its effect and molecular mechanism on microglial inflammation has not yet been explored. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of ABBV-744, a BD2 high selective BET inhibitor, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial inflammation in vitro and in vivo, and explored the key pathways by which ABBV-744 regulated microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.

Clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium massiliense pulmonary infection.

Objectives: Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) is the most common rapidly growing Mycobacterium species in structural pulmonary diseases and can be life-threatening. This study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics and drug-susceptibility statuses of different M. abscessus (MAB) subspecies in the Zhejiang Province.

Macrolide resistance of in several regions of China from 2013 to 2019.

This paper retrospectively analysed the prevalence of macrolide-resistant (MRMP) in some parts of China. Between January 2013 and December 2019, we collected 4,145 respiratory samples, including pharyngeal swabs and alveolar lavage fluid. The highest PCR-positive rate of M.

Positive Association of TEAD1 With Schizophrenia in a Northeast Chinese Han Population.

Objective: Schizophrenia is a complex and devastating psychiatric disorder with a strong genetic background. However, much uncertainty still exists about the role of genetic susceptibility in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. TEA domain transcription factor 1 (TEAD1) is a transcription factor associated with neurodevelopment and has modulating effects on various nervous system diseases.

Omaveloxolone ameliorates isoproterenol-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy in mice.

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important transcriptional regulator that plays a protective role against various cardiovascular diseases. Omaveloxolone is a newly discovered potent activator of Nrf2 that has a variety of cytoprotective functions. However, the potential role of omaveloxolone in the process of pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure are still unknown.

Integrative analysis of renal microRNA and mRNA to identify hub genes and pivotal pathways associated with cyclosporine-induced acute kidney injury in mice.

Cyclosporine (CsA) is an immunosuppressive agent that often causes acute kidney injury (AKI) in children. The specific mechanisms underlying CsA-induced AKI are currently unknown. This study used an integrated network analysis of microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression profiles, biochemical and pathological analyses to further investigate these potential mechanisms of CsA-induced AKI.

Schizophrenia in the genetic era: a review from development history, clinical features and genomic research approaches to insights of susceptibility genes.

Schizophrenia is a devastating neuropsychiatric disorder affecting 1% of the world population and ranks as one of the disorders providing the most severe burden for society. Schizophrenia etiology remains obscure involving multi-risk factors, such as genetic, environmental, nutritional, and developmental factors. Complex interactions of genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia.

Concentration of contezolid in cerebrospinal fluid and serum in a patient with tuberculous meningoencephalitis: A case report.

Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis (TB) is a devastating and often life-threatening disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Contezolid, a new oxazolidinone, has demonstrated potent antimycobacterial activity in both in-vivo and in-vitro studies, with lower toxicity than linezolid. However, pharmacokinetic data are still not available for contezolid in the CNS of patients with CNS TB.

Randomized control study of the use of faropenem for treating patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objectives: Faropenem has antituberculosis activity in vitro but its utility in treating patients with tuberculosis (TB) is unclear.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, randomized trial in China, involving newly diagnosed, drug-susceptible pulmonary TB. The control group was treated with the standard 6-month regimen.

Preoperative Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis Prediction in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Noninvasive Clinical Multimodal Radiomics (CMR) Nomogram Analysis.

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of applying a clinical multimodal radiomics nomogram based on ultrasonography (US) and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the prediction of cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) preoperatively. We performed retrospective evaluations of 133 patients with pathologically confirmed PTC, who were assigned to the training cohort and validation cohort (7 : 3), and extracted radiomics features from the preoperative US, T2-weighted (T2WI),diffusion-weighted (DWI), and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (CE-T1WI) images. Optimal subsets were selected using minimum redundancy, maximum relevance, and recursive feature elimination in the support vector machine (SVM).

Research progress on genetic control of host susceptibility to tuberculosis.

The "Lübeck disaster", twins studies, adoptees studies, and other epidemiological observational studies have shown that host genetic factors play a significant role in determining the host susceptibility to infection and pathogenesis of tuberculosis. From linkage analyses to genome-wide association studies, it has been discovered that human leucocyte antigen (HLA) genes as well as non-HLA genes (such as , , as well as genes encoding cytokines and pattern recognition receptors) are associated with tuberculosis susceptibility. To provide ideas for subsequent studies about risk prediction of MTB infection and the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis, we review the research progress on tuberculosis susceptibility related genes in recent years, focusing on the correlation of HLA genes and non-HLA genes with the pathogenesis of tuberculosis.

[Rauwolfia extract inhibits the proliferation of prostate cells in rats with benign prostatic hyperplasia].

Objective: To investigate the effects of different concentrations of Rauwolfia extract (RE) on the proliferation of prostate cells in the rat model of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Methods: We randomly divided 48 male SD rats into six groups of an equal number, BPH model control, finasteride, low-concentration RE, medium-concentration RE, high-concentration RE and normal control, and established a BPH model in the former five groups by subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate following castration. We treated the rats of the finasteride and RE groups intragastrically with finasteride solution at 5 mg/kg and RE at 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg respectively, and those of the model control and normal control groups with an equal dose of normal saline, all once a day for 28 consecutive days.

A case of severe leptospirosis with Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction presenting as respiratory failure.

Background: Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic spp. The treatment of penicillin or tetracycline can cause a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR), which can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ failure in severe cases. The overall course of evolution and imaging features of a JHR exacerbation of leptospirosis have rarely been reported.