Deterioration in the Quality of 'Xuxiang' Kiwifruit Pulp Caused by Frozen Storage: An Integrated Analysis Based on Phenotype, Color, Antioxidant Activity, and Flavor Compounds.

Kiwifruit has attracted much attention in fruit and vegetable processing due to its high nutritional and economic value. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the effects of long-term frozen storage on the pulp quality of kiwifruit. Using kiwifruit pulp stored at -20 °C for 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months as the research materials, the dynamic changes in the phenotype, color, antioxidant activity, and flavor compounds were comprehensively evaluated.

Discovery of 5-Methylcoumarin Polyketide Derivatives from Using Feature-Based Molecular Networking Combined with Diagnostic Ion Filtering.

Feature-based molecular networking (FBMN), combined with diagnostic ion analysis, facilitated the identification of bioactive 5-methylcoumarin polyketide derivatives with unique skeletal structures from . This approach led to the isolation of six pairs of 5-methylcoumarin polyketide derivatives, including five pairs of previously undescribed enantiomers. Their structures and absolute configurations were unequivocally determined using spectroscopic data, calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data, and X-ray diffraction analysis.

Non-esterified fatty acids disrupt hepatic lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function via TLR4/MyD88/IRAK2 signaling in bovine hepatocytes.

Excessive non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in the blood often lead to ketosis and fatty liver in peripartal cows. The integrity of mitochondrial structure and function plays a key role in the development of lipid metabolism imbalance and inflammation. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of NEFA's impact on these processes remain unclear.

Supramolecular engineering in hybrid perovskite optoelectronics.

This review explores the emerging field of supramolecular engineering in hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite optoelectronics. The incorporation of supramolecular agents has shown transformative effects on the crystallization, morphology, stability, and performance of perovskite-based materials and devices. We systematically review the types of supramolecular interactions, mechanisms of supramolecular engineering crystallization, synthesis of perovskite quantum dots, and interface engineering advancements for device stability.

Integration and completion: life wisdom and happiness of Chinese older adults from a life course perspective.

Introduction: Life course theory posits that historical events that transpired in the past shape an individual's well-being. In the last century, China experienced a series of significant events in rapid succession, including the Anti-Japanese War (AJW), the Civil War (CW), the Great Famine (GF), the Cultural Revolution (CR), and the Reform and Opening of China (ROC). These early life experiences may have lasting effects on older adults.

Degradable film mulching increases soil carbon sequestration in major Chinese dryland agroecosystems.

Plastic film mulching (PM), which contributes to nearly half of the increased crop yields in dryland agroecosystems, exacerbates environmental burdens due to its non-degradable nature. Globally, there is a growing demand to replace non-degradable PM with degradable film mulching (DM), yet its impacts on soil organic carbon (SOC) in dryland agroecosystems remains unknown. Here, using multi-field studies and mesocosm experiments, we found that DM strongly increased but PM reduced SOC storage (0-1 m).

Strontium regulating lipid metabolism of bovine hepatocytes via SIRT1/SREBPs pathway.

Periparturient dairy cows are susceptible to negative energy balance (NEB), which triggers excessive adipose mobilization, leading to elevated plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and hepatic lipid accumulation. While strontium (Sr) has shown metabolic regulatory potential, its role in hepatic lipid homeostasis remains unclear. Using an NEFA-induced lipid accumulation model in bovine hepatocytes, we demonstrated that Sr (5-20 μM) significantly reduced intracellular triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels.

Bridging Model Heterogeneity in Federated Learning via Uncertainty-based Asymmetrical Reciprocity Learning.

This paper presents FedType, a simple yet pioneering framework designed to fill research gaps in heterogeneous model aggregation within federated learning (FL). FedType introduces small identical proxy models for clients, serving as agents for information exchange, ensuring model security, and achieving efficient communication simultaneously. To transfer knowledge between large private and small proxy models on clients, we propose a novel uncertainty-based asymmetrical reciprocity learning method, eliminating the need for any public data.

Baicalin: an active natural product with potential medicinal values.

Baicalin, a flavonoid derived from the dicotyledonous plant Georgi (SBG), is applied to treat various -disorders due to its various pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial, liver-protecting, lipid-lowering, and neuroprotection. However, baicalin's limited solubility hampers absorption. This article reviews baicalin's pharmacological properties, including pharmacokinetics, cytotoxicity, drug interactions, and therapeutic potential, especially for cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and liver-lipid disorders, aiming to promote its development in medicine, dairy and livestock feed, nutritional health products and cosmetics for humans and other fields.

Stabilizing Precursor Solutions by Proton-Rich Additive for High-Performance Air-Processed Solar Cells.

Storing perovskite precursor solutions under ambient conditions poses a significant challenge to commercialization, as humidity and oxidation accelerate ageing and introduce defects in devices. A major contributor to solution ageing and impurity perovskite phases is the deprotonation of hybrid organic cations, specifically methylammonium (MA) and formamidinium (FA). In this work, a proton-rich additive, 4-(aminomethyl)pyridine 2-iodide, is used to inhibit MA deprotonation in precursor solutions by generating free H, thereby mitigating the degradation of organic cations under oxygen and humidity stress.

A candidate association study of transcription factors in maize revealed the ZmPLATZ15-ZmEREB200 module as a key regulator of waterlogging tolerance at the seedling stage.

Soil waterlogging is a major abiotic stress that severely impairs maize growth and development by inducing hypoxic conditions that disrupt essential physiological processes. Transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in modulating plant responses to waterlogging stress by regulating the expression of stress-related genes that enhance or diminish stress tolerance. In this study, we conducted an association analysis to identify 11 TFs closely associated with waterlogging stress in maize.

A study on the impact of meteorological and emission factors on PM concentrations based on machine learning.

PM pollution, a major environmental and health concern, is influenced by a complex interplay of emission sources and meteorological conditions. Accurately identifying these factors and their contributions is essential for effective pollution management. This study applies Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) to identify primary sources of PM and uses the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) model, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), and Partial Dependence Plots (PDP) to quantitatively assess the impact of meteorological and emission factors on PM concentrations.

Four pairs of meroterpenoid enantiomers with coumarin- and chromone-monoterpene skeletons from Gerbera piloselloides and their bioactive activities.

Phytochemical investigations of the extracts from the whole plant of Gerbera piloselloides resulted in the isolation and identification of four pairs of previously unreported meroterpenoid enantiomers with coumarin- and chromone-monoterpene skeletons (1a/1b-4a/4b), including two pairs of 5-methylcoumarin monoterpenes and two pairs of 5-methylchromone monoterpenes. The structures and absolute configurations of these compounds were definitively determined through NMR and MS data, NMR calculation with DP4+ analysis, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Structurally, compounds 1-4 feature 5-methylphenylpropanoid-substituted monoterpene frameworks.

Hydrogen sulphide alleviates platelet dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Hyperglycaemia stimulate platelet activation by reducing platelet HS concentrations, potentially leading to cardiovascular events. Exogenous supplementation with HS reversed this abnormal platelet activation under hyperglycaemia.

Impact of subclinically hypocalcemic stress on the plasma metabolomic profile of dairy goats.

Objective: This study aimed to explore novel aspects of disease prevention and control in Guanzhong dairy goats through the application of metabolomics and lipidomics.

Methods: In this study, plasma samples were collected from 96 primiparous Guanzhong dairy goats with similar body condition scores (2.75±0.

Ocular biometric parameters in Chinese preschool children and physiological axial length growth prediction using machine learning algorithms: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To examine the ocular biometric parameters and predict the annual growth rate of the physiological axial length (AL) in Chinese preschool children aged 4-6 years old.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 1090 kindergarten students (1090 right eyes) between the ages of 4 and 6 years from Pinggu and Chaoyang District, Beijing. Dioptre values were ascertained following cycloplegic autorefraction.

Real-world outcomes on myopia management efficacy of diverse segmented defocus optics (DSDO) and defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses in Chinese children: An initial 12-month prospective clinical study.

Purposes: To investigate the 12-month effectiveness of Diverse Segmented Defocus Optics (DSDO) and Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses in a real-world clinical population in myopic and pre-myopic Chinese children.

Methods: About 364 subjects prescribed DSDO or DIMS were enrolled. Axial length (AL) and cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (SER) changes over 12 months were measured.

YOLOv8-LCNET: An Improved YOLOv8 Automatic Crater Detection Algorithm and Application in the Chang'e-6 Landing Area.

The Chang'e-6 (CE-6) landing area on the far side of the Moon is located in the southern part of the Apollo basin within the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin. The statistical analysis of impact craters in this region is crucial for ensuring a safe landing and supporting geological research. Aiming at existing impact crater identification problems such as complex background, low identification accuracy, and high computational costs, an efficient impact crater automatic detection model named YOLOv8-LCNET (YOLOv8-Lunar Crater Net) based on the YOLOv8 network is proposed.

Worldview, psychological flexibility, and depression-anxiety-stress in Chinese youth.

Background: The psychological problems among the youth population have received widespread attention in the information age. However, little research has been conducted on the effects and mechanisms of worldview on depression, anxiety, and stress (DAS) among youth. In this study, we aim to investigate the relationship between worldview and DAS among youth.

Trivalent Chromium Ameliorates Lipid Accumulation and Enhances Glucose Metabolism in the High-NEFA Environment of Bovine Hepatocytes by Regulating PI3K/AKT Pathways.

During the periparturient transition period, dairy cows are often accompanied by disorders of liver glycolipid metabolism. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway plays an important role in the homeostasis of glycolipid metabolism. Trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] is an essential trace element in the body.

Development of an HPPD-Inhibitor Resistant Wheat and Multiomics Integrative Analysis of Herbicide Toxicity and Detoxification in Wheat.

Weed infestation in agricultural fields significantly diminishes crop yields. Herbicides are widely used as a primary method of weed control. Developing herbicide-resistant crops through the expression of resistant genes represents a sustainable approach.