Combined toxicity of nine typical pesticides in binary mixtures on A549 cells.

Air pollution caused by pesticide drift poses a significant environmental health risk. The lungs are directly targeted by airborne pesticide exposure via inhalation; however, their inhalation toxicological data are poorly understood. In the present study, we evaluated the combined toxicity and interactions of lambda-cyhalothrin and its binary mixtures with eight insecticides at a concentration ratio of 1:1 in the non-small-cell lung cancer A549 line cells.

Progress in antisenescence biomaterials for improved osteoarthritis therapy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease closely associated with aging for which current treatments are limited primarily to symptomatic relief and fail to reverse pathological progression. A growing body of evidence indicates that the accumulation of senescent cells is a central driver of OA pathogenesis. This review systematically summarizes the latest advancements in antisenescence biomaterials for OA therapy, emphasizing their potential to overcome the limitations of conventional approaches by improving drug targeting, prolonging drug release kinetics, and increasing bioavailability.

Lipid-Modified Bilirubin Nanocrystals for the Repair of Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Acute Kidney Injury.

Ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening form of AKI frequently observed in clinical settings, such as hemorrhagic shock, kidney transplantation, and cardiovascular surgery. Targeting renal antioxidant therapy may represent an effective strategy against IR-induced AKI. Bilirubin (BR), a specific superoxide anion scavenger, faces limitations in clinical application due to its poor water solubility and hepatic metabolism pathway.

Burdens of sense organ diseases across global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2021 and projections for 2050.

Background: Sensory organ diseases (SOD) pose a considerable challenge to global health. This study analyzed the burden of SOD from 1990 to 2021 using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021.

Methods: We analyzed prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized rates using Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort (APC) models to separate the effects of age, period, and birth cohort.

Key immune regulators in retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury RNA sequencing.

Aim: To explore the immune cell infiltration and molecular mechanisms of retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) to identify potential therapeutic targets.

Methods: In the bulk RNA-seq analysis, This study performed differential gene expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and protein-protein interaction network analysis to identify hub genes. QuanTIseq was used to determine the composition of infiltrating immune cells.

The Effects of Azithromycin Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste in Resolving Periapical Inflammation.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of traditional and modified triple antibiotic paste. The 16S rDNA was employed to analyse the root canal microbial community's characteristics pre- and post-treatment.

Methods: Rabbits with periapical inflammation (AP) were treated with both pastes.

Dual-Functional Nanoparticles to Reverse Osteoblast Senescence and Enhance Calcium Supplementation for Alleviating Senile Osteoporosis.

Senile osteoporosis (SOP) primarily arises from an imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption. The tightly regulated coupling between osteoblasts and osteoclasts limits the therapeutic efficacy of conventional anti-resorptive agents and anabolic agents. Anti-aging therapy offers a potential strategy to modify the senescent phenotype of bone-associated cells, restore cellular function, and re-establish homeostasis between bone resorption and formation.

Construction of a Risk Matrix for Pediatric Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit.

To construct a risk matrix for pediatric delirium in the intensive care unit (ICU), quantitatively evaluate the risk index of each risk factor, and provide a reference for optimizing the clinical management of pediatric delirium. Based on the risk matrix theory, a risk matrix was constructed for pediatric delirium in the ICU using literature research, Delphi expert consultation, and the Borda method. The 2-dimensional risk matrix revealed that of the 52 risk factors.

Difenoconazole-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation.

: Difenoconazole (DFC) is a broad-spectrum fungicide. However, its application is limited due to poor aqueous solubility. Drugs with low solubility can be better absorbed using nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs).

Uncovering the degradation kinetics and mechanisms of difluoroacetone in the atmosphere and at the air-water interface by the OH radical and Cl atom: a theoretical investigation.

The environmental and health risks of fluorinated compounds have attracted more and more attention due to their essential roles in the human body and potential contributions to greenhouse effects. Herein, the degradation mechanisms, kinetics properties, subsequent transformations, and atmospheric lifetimes of difluoroacetone (CFHC(O)CH) initiated by the Cl atom and OH radical were investigated in the atmosphere and at the air-water interface. The reaction coefficients and product branching ratios (or regioselectivity) for H-abstraction channels were calculated and analyzed within the range of 200-800 K by using multi-structural canonical variational transition state theory with small curvature tunneling (MS-CVT/SCT).

CCR8 decidual regulatory T cells maintain maternal-fetal immune tolerance during early pregnancy.

Regulatory T (T) cells play a vital role in maintaining maternal immune tolerance to the semiallogeneic fetus during pregnancy. T cell population heterogeneity and tissue-specific functions in the human decidua remain largely unknown. Here, using single-cell transcriptomic and T cell receptor sequencing of human CD4 T cells from first-trimester deciduae and matched peripheral blood of pregnant women, we identified a highly activated, immunosuppressive CCR8 T cell subset specifically enriched in the decidua (dT cells).

Neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio predicts left ventricular remodeling and MACE after PCI in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Background: The neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) has been proposed as a potential marker for predicting cardiovascular events. However, its prognostic role following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of NHR for left ventricular remodeling (LVR) and long-term outcomes in STEMI patients post-PCI.

Key factors determination of hyperuricemia and association analysis among patients with breast cancer: results from NHANES data.

Objectives: To explore the factors influencing hyperuricemia in breast cancer patients based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database.

Methods: The univariate and multivariate generalized linear regression were used to screen the influencing factors of hyperuricemia. Logistic and XGBoost algorithms were used to rank the importance of influencing factors.

Glutaminase-responsive nano-carrier for precise rejuvenation of senescent cells by restoring autophagy in chronic kidney disease treatment.

Cellular senescence disrupts tissue homeostasis and diminishes physiological integrity, leading to the accumulation of senescent cells (SCs) in multiple senescence-associated diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). Treatment of SCs has been approved to be a feasible approach to these diseases. However, curing SCs in different cell types remains challenging.

Transport mechanisms of pesticide mixtures impairing intestinal barrier function in mice.

Multiple pesticide residues in the diet can be ingested through the intestine; however, the interactions affecting intestinal health remain unclear. Histopathological analysis of mouse intestines revealed synergistic damage in those exposed to a binary mixture of abamectin, fluazinam, and spirodiclofen. The combined exposure to fluazinam and spirodiclofen resulted in a 73.

Clinical characteristics, surgical approaches, and prognosis of follicular and papillary thyroid cancer in children and adolescents: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Follicular and papillary thyroid cancers are prevalent endocrine tumors in children and adolescents. This study seeks to highlight distinctions between papillary thyroid cancer  (PTC) and follicular thyroid cancer  (FTC) to inform subtype-specific guidelines.

Patients And Methods: Utilizing data from the SEER database, this study contrasts the clinical features, survival rates, causes of death, TNM staging, and surgical interventions for pediatric and adolescent patients diagnosed with PTC and FTC from 2000 to 2020.

Associations of frailty and cognitive impairment with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in older adults: a prospective cohort study from NHANES 2011-2014.

Background: The global aging trend exacerbates the challenge of frailty and cognitive impairment in older adults, yet their combined impact on health outcomes remains under-investigated. This study aims to explore how frailty and psychometric mild cognitive impairment (pMCI) jointly affect all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.

Methods: The cohort study we examined 2,442 participants aged ≥ 60, is the secondary analysis from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014.

Orally Administrated Precision Nanomedicine for Restoring the Intestinal Barrier and Alleviating Inflammation in Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) presents a significant challenge in healthcare, characterized by its chronicity and complex pathogenesis involving genetic, immune, and environmental factors. Current treatment modalities, including anti-inflammatory drugs, immunomodulators, and biologics, often lack sufficient efficacy and are accompanied by adverse effects, necessitating the urgent search for therapeutic approaches targeting mucosal barrier restoration and inflammation modulation. Precision nanomedicine emerges as a promising solution to directly address these challenges.

N-Methyladenosine modification mediated by METTL3 promotes DNA-PKcs expression to induce anlotinib resistance in osteosarcoma.

Background: Acquired anlotinib resistance is still a key challenge in osteosarcoma treatment. Unravelling the mechanisms underlying anlotinib resistance is the key to optimising its efficacy for treating osteosarcoma. Previous studies have explored the pivotal function of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) with regard to osteosarcoma chemoresistance.

Role of CD4 T cell-derived cytokines in the pathogenesis of uveitis.

Uveitis refers to a diverse group of inflammatory diseases that affecting the uveal tract, comprising the iris, ciliary body, and choroid, with potential repercussions ranging from visual impairment to blindness. The role of autoimmunity in uveitis etiology is complex and still under investigation. CD4 T cells intricately regulate immune responses in uveitis through their diverse subtypes: Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg (T regulatory), and Tfh (follicular T helper) cells.

A VZV-gE subunit vaccine decorated with mPLA elicits protective cellular immmune responses against varicella-zoster virus.

Herpes zoster is an acute infectious skin disease caused by the reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus, vaccination, such as subunit vaccine with good safety, can effectively prevent shingles through increasing immunity of the body. However, protein antigens are prone to degradation and inactivation, which alone is generally not sufficient to induce potent immune effect. In this study, the liposomal vaccine platform modified with mPLA (TLR4 agonist) was developed to improve the immunogenicity of glycoprotein E (VZV-gE) derived from herpes zoster virus.

Transformation mechanism, kinetics and ecotoxicity of kaempferol and quercetin in the gaseous and aqueous phases: A theoretical combined experimental study.

The transformation and risk assessment of flavonoids triggered by free radicals deserve extensive attention. In this work, the degradation mechanisms, kinetics, and ecotoxicity of kaempferol and quercetin mediated by ∙OH, ∙OCH, ∙OOH, and O in gaseous and aqueous environments were investigated using cell experiments and quantum chemical calculations. Three radical scavenging mechanisms, including hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), radical adduct formation (RAF) and single electron transfer (SET) were discussed.

Inhalation Exposure to Airborne Prothioconazole Caused by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Application and Potential Lung Health Effects.

The use of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has greatly improved pesticide effectiveness and control efficiency; however, the risk of inhalation exposure to pesticides caused by spray drift requires urgent attention. This study is the first to investigate residue distribution and inhalation exposure risk of airborne prothioconazole and its metabolite prothioconazole-desthio during UAV application. The maximum detected unit exposure of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio in airborne particulate matter was 0.

Microglia membrane-mediated trans-blood-brain barrier prodrug micelles enhance phagocytosis for glioblastoma chemo-immunotherapy.

Glioblastoma-associated macrophages & microglia (GAMs) are critical immune cells within the glioblastoma (GBM) microenvironment. Their phagocytosis of GBM cells is crucial for initiating both innate and adaptive immune responses. GBM cells evade this immune attack by upregulating the anti-phagocytic molecule CD47 on their surface.

Taprenepag restores maternal-fetal interface homeostasis for the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Background And Purpose: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are characterized by abnormalities in brain development and neurobehaviors, including autism. The maternal-fetal interface (MFI) is a highly specialized tissue through which maternal factors affect fetal brain development. However, limited research exists on restoring and maintaining MFI homeostasis and its potential impact on NDDs.