Progress in antisenescence biomaterials for improved osteoarthritis therapy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease closely associated with aging for which current treatments are limited primarily to symptomatic relief and fail to reverse pathological progression. A growing body of evidence indicates that the accumulation of senescent cells is a central driver of OA pathogenesis. This review systematically summarizes the latest advancements in antisenescence biomaterials for OA therapy, emphasizing their potential to overcome the limitations of conventional approaches by improving drug targeting, prolonging drug release kinetics, and increasing bioavailability.

Burdens of sense organ diseases across global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2021 and projections for 2050.

Background: Sensory organ diseases (SOD) pose a considerable challenge to global health. This study analyzed the burden of SOD from 1990 to 2021 using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021.

Methods: We analyzed prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized rates using Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort (APC) models to separate the effects of age, period, and birth cohort.

Key immune regulators in retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury RNA sequencing.

Aim: To explore the immune cell infiltration and molecular mechanisms of retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) to identify potential therapeutic targets.

Methods: In the bulk RNA-seq analysis, This study performed differential gene expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and protein-protein interaction network analysis to identify hub genes. QuanTIseq was used to determine the composition of infiltrating immune cells.

Uncovering the degradation kinetics and mechanisms of difluoroacetone in the atmosphere and at the air-water interface by the OH radical and Cl atom: a theoretical investigation.

The environmental and health risks of fluorinated compounds have attracted more and more attention due to their essential roles in the human body and potential contributions to greenhouse effects. Herein, the degradation mechanisms, kinetics properties, subsequent transformations, and atmospheric lifetimes of difluoroacetone (CFHC(O)CH) initiated by the Cl atom and OH radical were investigated in the atmosphere and at the air-water interface. The reaction coefficients and product branching ratios (or regioselectivity) for H-abstraction channels were calculated and analyzed within the range of 200-800 K by using multi-structural canonical variational transition state theory with small curvature tunneling (MS-CVT/SCT).

Key factors determination of hyperuricemia and association analysis among patients with breast cancer: results from NHANES data.

Objectives: To explore the factors influencing hyperuricemia in breast cancer patients based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database.

Methods: The univariate and multivariate generalized linear regression were used to screen the influencing factors of hyperuricemia. Logistic and XGBoost algorithms were used to rank the importance of influencing factors.

Associations of frailty and cognitive impairment with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in older adults: a prospective cohort study from NHANES 2011-2014.

Background: The global aging trend exacerbates the challenge of frailty and cognitive impairment in older adults, yet their combined impact on health outcomes remains under-investigated. This study aims to explore how frailty and psychometric mild cognitive impairment (pMCI) jointly affect all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.

Methods: The cohort study we examined 2,442 participants aged ≥ 60, is the secondary analysis from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014.

Transformation mechanism, kinetics and ecotoxicity of kaempferol and quercetin in the gaseous and aqueous phases: A theoretical combined experimental study.

The transformation and risk assessment of flavonoids triggered by free radicals deserve extensive attention. In this work, the degradation mechanisms, kinetics, and ecotoxicity of kaempferol and quercetin mediated by ∙OH, ∙OCH, ∙OOH, and O in gaseous and aqueous environments were investigated using cell experiments and quantum chemical calculations. Three radical scavenging mechanisms, including hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), radical adduct formation (RAF) and single electron transfer (SET) were discussed.

Quantum Chemistry Study on Cl-Initiated Reactions of 2-Chloropropane and 2-Methylpropanoyl Halogen (Cl, Br, F): Mechanism, Kinetics, and Atmospheric Implications.

Halogenated volatile organic compounds (HVOCs) pose significant bioaccumulative and toxicological risks, necessitating effective strategies for their removal. Here, we show, through a computational study employing density functional theory and coupled cluster methods, the detailed mechanism and kinetic properties of Cl-initiated degradation reactions of 2-chloropropane (2-CP, (CH)CHCl) and 2-methylpropanoyl halide ((CH)CHCOX, X = Cl, Br, F). The reaction rate constants of all the channels were calculated by the canonical variational transition state theory (CVT) with the correction of the small curvature tunneling effect (SCT) at 200-1000 K.

Associations of the cardiometabolic index with insulin resistance, prediabetes, and diabetes in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The cardiometabolic index (CMI) is a novel metric for assessing cardiometabolic health and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), yet its relationship with insulin resistance (IR) and prediabetes (preDM) is not well-studied. There is also a gap in understanding the nonlinear associations between CMI and these conditions. Our study aimed to elucidate these associations.

Stereoselective synthetic approach toward β-trifluoromethyl vinyl ethers and diethers reaction of ()-1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene with phenols.

A convenient method for synthesizing β-trifluoromethyl vinyl ethers and diethers through the base-mediated C-O coupling of ()-1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene and phenols has been developed. Remarkably, the present process shows perfect regioselective and stereoselective yield of the / isomers for β-trifluoromethyl vinyl ethers with high efficiency. Additionally, β-trifluoromethyl vinyl diethers with identical/diverse phenoxy groups were also obtained and the regulation of the product configuration was achieved.

Global prevalence and disability-adjusted life years of hypertensive heart disease: A trend analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: As hypertensive heart disease (HHD) presents a significant public health challenge globally, we analysed its global, regional, and national burdens and trends from 1990 to 2019.

Methods: We used data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study, focussing on the age-standardised prevalence rates (ASPRs) of HHD prevalence, age-standardised disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates, average annual percentage change (AAPC), and risk factor attributions. We compared the HHD burden across sociodemographic index (SDI) strata, gender, age groups, and 204 countries and territories.

Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease among adult cancer patients: results from NHANES 2007-2018.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), and CVD is a major challenge for cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and association of MetS and CVD among adult cancer patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included cancer patients aged > 18 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018.

Accumulation of β-aminoisobutyric acid mediates hyperalgesia in ovariectomized mice through Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor D signaling.

Hyperalgesia is typified by reduced pain thresholds and heightened responses to painful stimuli, with a notable prevalence in menopausal women, but the underlying mechanisms are far from understood. β-Aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), a product of valine and thymine catabolism, has been reported to be a novel ligand of the Mas-related G protein coupled receptor D (MrgprD), which mediates pain and hyperalgesia. Here, we established a hyperalgesia model in 8-week-old female mice through ovariectomy (OVX).

Atmospheric chemistry of 2-nitrobenzaldehyde: Initiated by photo-excitation, OH-oxidation, and small TiO clusters adsorption catalysis.

The fate of 2-nitrobenzaldehyde (2-NBA) is of interest in atmospheric chemistry as it is a semi-volatile organic compound with high photosensitivity. This study presents a quantum chemical study of the gas-phase reactions of 2-NBA photo-excitation and OH-oxidation in the absence and presence of small TiO clusters. To further understand the unknown photolysis mechanism, the photo-reaction pathways of ground singlet state and the lying excited triplet state of 2-NBA were investigated including the initial and subsequent reactions of proton transfer, direct CO, NO, and HCO elimination routes in the presence of O and NO.

Association of Chronic Kidney Disease with Cardiovascular Disease in Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Due to the cardiotoxicity of cancer treatment and traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) such as obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, cancer patients are at higher risk of developing CVD. However, limited research exists on the correlation between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CVD risk in cancer patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study selected cancer patients aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 2015 to 2020.

Roles of Amides on the Formation of Atmospheric HONO and the Nucleation of Nitric Acid Hydrates.

Nitrous acid (HONO) is hazardous to the human respiratory system, and the hydrolysis of NO is the source of HONO. Hence, the investigation on the removal and transformation of HONO is urgently established. The effects of amide on the mechanism and kinetics of the formation of HONO with acetamide, formamide, methylformamide, urea, and its clusters of the catalyst were studied theoretically.

Theoretical Study of the Hydroxyl-Radical-Initiated Degradation Mechanism, Kinetics, and Subsequent Evolution of Methyl and Ethyl Iodides in the Atmosphere.

The degradation and transformation of iodinated alkanes are crucial in the iodine chemical cycle in the marine boundary layer. In this study, MP2 and CCSD(T) methods were adopted to study the atmospheric transformation mechanism and degradation kinetic properties of CH I and CH CH I mediated by ⋅OH radical. The results show that there are three reaction mechanisms including H-abstraction, I-substitution and I-abstraction.

Spatial-thermodynamic understanding of stabilization mechanism using computational approaches and molecular-level elucidation of the mechanism of crystal transformation in polymorphic irbesartan nanosuspensions.

Irbesartan polymorphisms possess low solubility properties, nanosuspensions represent a method for improving the dissolution. Stabilizers are significant constituents of nanosuspensions. Herein we presented computational research on screening stabilizers and exploring stabilization mechanisms.

Asenapine maleate inhibits angiotensin II-induced proliferation and activation of cardiac fibroblasts via the ROS/TGFβ1/MAPK signaling pathway.

Background: Cardiac fibrosis will increase wall stiffness and diastolic dysfunction, which will eventually lead to heart failure. Asenapine maleate (AM) is widely used in the treatment of schizophrenia. In the current study, we explored the potential mechanism underlying the role of AM in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac fibrosis.

Paraventricular Nucleus Infusion of Oligomeric Proantho Cyanidins Improves Renovascular Hypertension.

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Oligomeric proantho cyanidins (OPC) is the main polyphenol presents in grape seed and is known for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we hypothesize that OPC can attenuate oxidative stress in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus (PVN), ameliorate neurotransmitter imbalance, decrease the blood pressure and sympathetic activity in renovascular hypertensive rats.

Cilostazol alleviate nicotine induced cardiomyocytes hypertrophy through modulation of autophagy by CTSB/ROS/p38MAPK/JNK feedback loop.

Nicotine is proved to be an important factor for cardiac hypertrophy. Autophagy is important cell recycling system involved in the regulation of cardiac hypertrophy. Cilostazol, which is often used in the management of peripheral vascular disease.

Effects of Endovascular Stent-Assisted Effects of Various Frequencies of Abdominal Naprapathy on Changes in Gastrointestinal Mucosal Cells in Spleen-Deficient Rabbits.

BACKGROUND At certain frequencies, abdominal naprapathy effectively alleviates functional dyspepsia with spleen deficiency. The present study explored the effects of various frequencies of abdominal naprapathy on gastrointestinal mucosal cells in spleen-deficient rabbits. MATERIAL AND METHODS The model of spleen deficiency was established by the method of bitter cold and catharsis.

Oxidative Stress Contributes to Hyperalgesia in Osteoporotic Mice.

Purpose: Chronic pain is one of the most common complications of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Since oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis, we explored whether oxidative stress contributes to postmenopausal osteoporotic pain.

Methods: Osteoporosis was induced in mice by ovariectomy (OVX).

Near-IR/Visible-Emitting Thiophenyl-Based Ru(II) Complexes: Efficient Photodynamic Therapy, Cellular Uptake, and DNA Binding.

Near-IR-emitting and/or efficiently photodynamic water-soluble Ru(II) complexes that hold great application potentials as photodynamic therapy and/or photodetection agents for cancers have been poorly explored. In this paper, the solvatochromism, calf thymus DNA binding, and singlet oxygen generation properties of a known ruthenium(II) complex of visible-emitting [Ru(bpy)(dtdpq)](ClO) () and a new homoleptic complex of near-IR-emitting [Ru(dtdpq)](ClO) () (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, dtdpq = 2,3-bis(thiophen-2-yl)pyrazino[2,3-][1,10]phenanothroline) in water are reported. Moreover, DNA photocleavage, singlet oxygen generation in HeLa cells, cellular uptake/localization, and in vitro photodynamic therapy for cancer cells of water-soluble are described in detail.